Bemonc And Cemon Flashcards
defined as a set of life-saving interventions that treat the major obstetric and newborn causes of morbidity and mortality.
Emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC)
These facilities are upgraded or enhanced Barangay Health Station (BHS), Rural Health Unit (RHU), District and Community Hospitals
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC)
A tertiary level regional hospital or medical center, provincial hospital or an appropriately upgraded district hospital.
Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care CEmONC)
Services defined by Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC):
Administer parenteral antibiotics (Infection)
Administer parenteral uterotonics
Administer parenteral anticonvulsants for pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia
Manually removal of the placenta
Remove retained products of conception (e.g., manual vacuum aspiration; dilatation and curettage)
Perform assisted vaginal delivery (e.g., vacuum extraction; forceps delivery)
Perform basic neonatal resuscitation (e.g., with bag and mask)
Services defined by Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (CEmONC):
Surgery, including cesarean section
Blood transfusion
How do we reduce the risk of infection during and after childbirth? What are standard precautions?
Frequent hand washing
Wearing appropriate gloves: sterile single-use gloves for internal examinations, non-sterile single-use gloves for handling contaminated materials
Wearing protective clothing/PPE
Safe handling of sharp objects
Proper waste disposal
Instrument sterilization
Postpartum Infection, Contributing Factors
Prolonged labor
Multiple vaginal exams during labor
Prolonged rupture of membranes
Unhygienic labor practices
Assessment For Postpartum Infection
Assess danger signs
Health History
Physical Examination
Inflammation of the uterine endometrium. Purulent or foul-smelling lochia supports the diagnosis.
Endometritis
A C-section incision infection is when the incision, or cut along the belly during a C-section surgery, becomes infected.
C-section Infection
an inflammation of breast tissue that sometimes involves an infection. The inflammation results in breast pain, swelling, warmth, and redness.
Mastitis
to prevent PPH is the main intervention within this package and can prevent two-thirds of PPH.
Uterotonic drugs
most widely used uterotonic drug.
Oxytocin
ergot alkaloids that increase the uterine muscle tone by causing continuous tetanic contractions.
Ergometrine
a prostaglandin E1 analogue that is licensed for the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcers.
Misoprostol
newer long-acting synthetic analogue of oxytocin with agonist properties.
Carbetocin
used for pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia
Anticonvilsant drugs:
- Magnesium sulfate,
- Diazepam (Valium)
- Phenytoin
- Nimodipine
- Chlormethiazole.
first-line seizure prophylaxis for preeclampsia, reducing the risk of eclampsia by half.
magnesium sulfate
Contraindications of MagSo
heart block or myocardial damage, diabetic coma or hypersensitivity.
Contraindications of MagSo
heart block or myocardial damage, diabetic coma or hypersensitivity
a life-saving procedure where the placenta and membranes are removed manually.
Manual Removal Of The Placenta
when the placenta doesn’t completely come out of the uterus after the baby is born.
Retained placenta
a medical procedure used to remove placental fragments that remain in the uterus after childbirth.
Manual vacuum aspiration
the vaginal birth of a baby performed with the help of forceps or a vacuum device.
Assisted vaginal delivery
a critical procedure performed when a baby is born with difficulty breathing or a weak heartbeat.
Newborn resuscitation
This happens when delivery must occur urgently to make sure both you and baby are safe.
Emergency Cesarean Section
Anesthesia Options of C-section
Spinal Injection
General Anesthesia
This option is viable if time permits and can be facilitated even if an epidural is already in place.
Spinal Injection
This involves a combination of injected and inhaled drugs to ensure pain relief during surgery. Itresults in the patient being unconscious throughout the procedure.
General Anesthesia
Common Reasons for Emergency C-Sections
Placental Disorder
Fetal distress
Umbilical Cord Complications
Prolonged Labor
Maternal Exhaustion
Maternal Health Conditions
Baby’s Malposition
Uterine rupture
is a leading cause of maternal mortality.
Postpartum hemorrhage
