Beliefs In Society

Question 1

Name the 4 types of religious organisations in beliefs

Answer 1

Sects, cults, denominations, churches

Question 2

Give an example of a cult in beliefs

Answer 2

Scientology

Question 3

Give an example of a sect in beliefs

Answer 3

People’s temple

Question 4

Give an example of a denomination in beliefs

Answer 4

Methodism

Question 5

Give an example of a church in beliefs

Answer 5

Church of England

Question 6

Describe the membership and commitment of a sect in beliefs

Answer 6

Exclusive, high commitment (expected to give up time)

Question 7

Describe the membership and commitment of a cult in beliefs

Answer 7

Open to all, no demand for commitment (drift in + out)

Question 8

How would a cult be described in beliefs?

Answer 8

‘One path to many truths’

Question 9

Which sociologist is associated with the social action theory on religion acts as a force for change? (beliefs)

Answer 9

Weber

Question 10

Give the religious example associated with religion being a force for change (social action theory) in beliefs

Answer 10

Calvinism

Question 11

What do Calvinists think a good life is in beliefs?

Answer 11

A life of hard work, no luxuries

Question 12

Give the 5 arguments in the evidence for secularisation debate in beliefs

Answer 12

Decline in power of church, decline in religious beliefs, decline in religious practices, science replacing religion, growth of NRMs

Question 13

Name the 4 ways Bruce gives for the decline in the power of the church in beliefs

Answer 13

physical changes (church renovation), clergy jobs not well paid, decline in political influence, replaced by media (info givers)

Question 14

What did Wilson say about decline in religious beliefs, give an example (beliefs)

Answer 14

In past, people had superstitions which led to religion. These have been proven wrong by science e.g Salem witch trials

Question 15

How was it found that science has replaced religion in beliefs?

Answer 15

Opinion polls

Question 16

Why are NRMs evidence for the secularisation debate in beliefs?

Answer 16

NRMs are superficial and lack pure values that a true religion would have

Question 17

How was a decline in religious practices found in beliefs?

Answer 17

Through official statistics of church attendance

Question 18

Name the 2 types of fundamentalism in beliefs

Answer 18

Islamic, Christian

Question 19

Give the 2 case studies of Islamic fundamentalism in beliefs

Answer 19

Iran (government), ISIS

Question 20

Give an example of a Christian fundamentalist group that have been labelled as extremists in beliefs

Answer 20

Westboro Baptist church

Question 21

Name the process that has caused a huge growth in religious fundamentalism in beliefs

Answer 21

Globalisation

Question 22

Name the 3 functionalists in the functions of religion (theory)

Answer 22

Durkheim, Malinowski, Parsons

Question 23

Name the idea that Durkheim talks about in the functions of religion (theory)

Answer 23

Sacred + profane

Question 24

State the supporting evidence of the sacred and profane in the functions of religion (theory)

Answer 24

Aboriginal tribes totems

Question 25

Malinowski gives 2 functions of religion. Name them both. (theory)

Answer 25

Deal with life crises, reduce anxiety for situations we have no control over

Question 26

Name the 3 theories of religion

Answer 26

Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism

Question 27

Name the 2 sociologists in Marxist functions of religion (theory)

Answer 27

Marx, Althusser

Question 28

Name the 2 sociologists in Feminist functions of religion (theory)

Answer 28

Holm, Simone de Beauvoir

Question 29

Give the 2 functions of religion stated by Marx

Answer 29

Compensates proletariat, reproduces/legitimises class system

Question 30

Name the idea Althusser talks about (theory)

Answer 30

Ideological state apparatus

Question 31

Name the supporting evidence for Marxist functions of religion (theory)

Answer 31

Hindu Caste system

Question 32

State the negative evaluation for Marxist functions of religion (theory)

Answer 32

Religion still exists in communist countries eg Cuba

Question 33

Holm gives evidence of patriarchy in religion. State the 3 examples (theory)

Answer 33

Religious scriptures, women barred from clergy, patriarchal religious practices

Question 34

Simone de Beauvoir found evidence of patriarchy in Christianity, name the 3 things found (theory)

Answer 34

Major figures are male, women compensated by going to heaven, women portrayed closer to God