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A2 Sociology > Beliefs In Society > Flashcards

Beliefs In Society Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 types of religious organisations in beliefs

A

Sects, cults, denominations, churches

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2
Q

Give an example of a cult in beliefs

A

Scientology

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3
Q

Give an example of a sect in beliefs

A

People’s temple

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4
Q

Give an example of a denomination in beliefs

A

Methodism

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5
Q

Give an example of a church in beliefs

A

Church of England

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6
Q

Describe the membership and commitment of a sect in beliefs

A

Exclusive, high commitment (expected to give up time)

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7
Q

Describe the membership and commitment of a cult in beliefs

A

Open to all, no demand for commitment (drift in + out)

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8
Q

How would a cult be described in beliefs?

A

‘One path to many truths’

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9
Q

Which sociologist is associated with the social action theory on religion acts as a force for change? (beliefs)

A

Weber

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10
Q

Give the religious example associated with religion being a force for change (social action theory) in beliefs

A

Calvinism

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11
Q

What do Calvinists think a good life is in beliefs?

A

A life of hard work, no luxuries

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12
Q

Give the 5 arguments in the evidence for secularisation debate in beliefs

A

Decline in power of church, decline in religious beliefs, decline in religious practices, science replacing religion, growth of NRMs

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13
Q

Name the 4 ways Bruce gives for the decline in the power of the church in beliefs

A

physical changes (church renovation), clergy jobs not well paid, decline in political influence, replaced by media (info givers)

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14
Q

What did Wilson say about decline in religious beliefs, give an example (beliefs)

A

In past, people had superstitions which led to religion. These have been proven wrong by science e.g Salem witch trials

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15
Q

How was it found that science has replaced religion in beliefs?

A

Opinion polls

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16
Q

Why are NRMs evidence for the secularisation debate in beliefs?

A

NRMs are superficial and lack pure values that a true religion would have

17
Q

How was a decline in religious practices found in beliefs?

A

Through official statistics of church attendance

18
Q

Name the 2 types of fundamentalism in beliefs

A

Islamic, Christian

19
Q

Give the 2 case studies of Islamic fundamentalism in beliefs

A

Iran (government), ISIS

20
Q

Give an example of a Christian fundamentalist group that have been labelled as extremists in beliefs

A

Westboro Baptist church

21
Q

Name the process that has caused a huge growth in religious fundamentalism in beliefs

A

Globalisation

22
Q

Name the 3 functionalists in the functions of religion (theory)

A

Durkheim, Malinowski, Parsons

23
Q

Name the idea that Durkheim talks about in the functions of religion (theory)

A

Sacred + profane

24
Q

State the supporting evidence of the sacred and profane in the functions of religion (theory)

A

Aboriginal tribes totems

25
Q

Malinowski gives 2 functions of religion. Name them both. (theory)

A

Deal with life crises, reduce anxiety for situations we have no control over

26
Q

Name the 3 theories of religion

A

Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism

27
Q

Name the 2 sociologists in Marxist functions of religion (theory)

A

Marx, Althusser

28
Q

Name the 2 sociologists in Feminist functions of religion (theory)

A

Holm, Simone de Beauvoir

29
Q

Give the 2 functions of religion stated by Marx

A

Compensates proletariat, reproduces/legitimises class system

30
Q

Name the idea Althusser talks about (theory)

A

Ideological state apparatus

31
Q

Name the supporting evidence for Marxist functions of religion (theory)

A

Hindu Caste system

32
Q

State the negative evaluation for Marxist functions of religion (theory)

A

Religion still exists in communist countries eg Cuba

33
Q

Holm gives evidence of patriarchy in religion. State the 3 examples (theory)

A

Religious scriptures, women barred from clergy, patriarchal religious practices

34
Q

Simone de Beauvoir found evidence of patriarchy in Christianity, name the 3 things found (theory)

A

Major figures are male, women compensated by going to heaven, women portrayed closer to God

A2 Sociology (3 decks)

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