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Ethics > Beliefs and Teachings Keywords - Buddhism > Flashcards

Beliefs and Teachings Keywords - Buddhism Flashcards

1
Q

Anatta

A

Belief that there is no fixed soul; one of the three marks of existence.

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2
Q

Anicca

A

Impermanence - Belief that nothing is permanent.

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3
Q

Arhat

A

A perfected person. In Theravada Buddhism this the term for someone who becomes enlightened.

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4
Q

Ascetic

A

A life free from worldly pleasures, and involves the giving up of material possessions.

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5
Q

Bodhisattva

A

In Mahayana Buddhism this is a being destined for enlightenment, who postpones their final escape from samsara in order to help living beings.

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6
Q

Buddha

A

Historically the Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama)
An awakened or enlightened person.

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7
Q

Buddhahood

A

Reaching enlightenment

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8
Q

Buddha - nature

A

In Mahayana Buddhism this refers to the fundamental nature of all beings, which means that all beings can become enlightened.

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9
Q

Compassion (Karuna)

A

Sympathy and concern for the suffering of others; a key part of Buddhist ethics.

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10
Q

Consciousness

A

The fifth of the Five Aggregates; the state of being aware of something/ your surroundings before or without perception.

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11
Q

Craving (tahna)

A

The ongoing state of desire which causes suffering; grasping at things we enjoy/want.

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12
Q

Dependent arising

A

The belief that overthinking exists because other things do.

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13
Q

Dhamma

A

The teachings of the Buddha; these are the ultimate truth. Can also refer to following the Buddhist path.

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14
Q

Dhammapada

A

A source of wisdom and authority; part of the Pali Canon that includes some of the most famous teachings of the Buddha, including the Eightfold Path.

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15
Q

Dukkha

A

Suffering. Belief that all life includes suffering and unsatisfactoriness; one of the Three Marks of Existence.

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16
Q

The Eightfold Path (magga)

A

The fourth Noble Truth. Known as the ‘Middle Way’, it includes the way to wisdom; mental training and the way of mortality. Eight stages to be practiced simultaneously.

17
Q

Energy

A

One of the Mahayanan six perfections; making a courageous effert to attain enlightenment.

18
Q

Enlightenment

A

A state of wisdom that enables total clarity and understanding of the truths of existence; achieving Enlightenment allows a being to be freed from the cycle of rebirth.

19
Q

Ethics (sila)

A

Moral principals that inform behavior and attitudes; part of the Eightfold Path.

20
Q

The Five Aggregates (skandhas)

A

The belief that human beings are composed of five factors - form, sensation, perception, mental formation and consciousness.

21
Q

Five Moral Precepts

A

An important part of Buddhist ethics; part of the Eightfold Path (right action). These include: not taking life, not taking things which aren’t freely given, not misusing the sense, not speaking falsehoods, not clouding the mind with intoxicants.

22
Q

Form

A

The first of the Five Aggregates; matter, physical experiences through the sense organs.

23
Q

The Four Noble Truths

A

An important part of the Buddha’s teachings found in the Pali Canon, explaining the truth about existence. These include: suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, the path to the end of suffering.

24
Q

Generosity

A

One of the Mahayanan six perfections.

25
Q

Three Poisons

A

Causes of Dukkha
Greed - attachment to material things and the ongoing selfish desire for more.
Hate - a feeling of intense dislike, anger, wishing others harm.
Ignorance- inability to see things as they really are.

26
Q

Kamma (Karma)

A

Literally ‘action’. The belief in cause and effect, intentions and actions will affect the future.

26
Q

Mahayana

A

Literally ‘Greater Vehicle’; this school of Buddhism focuses on achieving enlightenment for the sake of all beings. It is the main school of Buddhism in China, Tibet and Japan.

26
Q

Mediation

A

A spiritual experience that opens a person up to the highest state of consciousness; one of the six perfections, and part of the Eightfold Path.

27
Q

Morality

A

Principles or beliefs about what is right and wrong. One of the six perfections; includes following the Five Moral Precepts.

28
Q

Nibbana/Nirvana

A

The belief individuals can achieve a state of perfect peace where they experience liberation from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth.

29
Q

Pure Land

A

Dominant form of Buddhism in Japan and focuses on chanting the name of the Amitabha Buddha.

30
Q

Six Perfections

A

Ethical principles in Mahayana Buddhism that lead to enlinghtenment.

31
Q

Theravada

A

The school of Buddhism mainly found in Sri Lanka and Thailand.

32
Q

Threefold Way

A

Three divisions of the Eightfold Path: ethics, meditation and wisdom.

33
Q

Zen

A

A Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism. Focus on the value of meditation and intuition.

Ethics (2 decks)

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