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Religious Studies - Islam > Beliefs and Teachings > Flashcards

Beliefs and Teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were the four successors that were appointed to lead the Muslim community after the death of Muhammad

A

Abu Bakr
Umar
Ali
Uthman

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2
Q

What are the two main denominations in Islam?

A

Sunni and Shi’a

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3
Q

Give one similarity between Sunni and Shi’a Islam

about five pillars….

A

Both Sunni and Shi‘a Muslims are committed
to the five pillars of Islam (the declaration of
faith, prayer, giving to the poor, fasting, and
pilgrimage)

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4
Q

Give one similarity between Sunni and Shi’a Islam

A

They believe in Tawhid (oneness of God)

And the guidance of the Qur’an

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5
Q

Explain one difference between the beliefs of Sunni Muslims and Shi’a Muslims

A

Sunni Muslims believed the Prophet’s successor should be his father-in-law and disciple, Abu Bakr.
Shi’a Muslims supported the Prophet’s blood relative, Ali, as his true successor

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6
Q

Explain another difference between the beliefs of Sunni islam and Shi’a islam

A

Sunni Muslims believe that the leader shouldn’t be birthright however Shi’a Muslims believe that the Imam is perfect and comes directly from God.

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7
Q

What is one main beliefs that Sunni Muslims hold? tawhid

A

There is only one God- Allah is the creator and sustainer of life. Allah is beyond any human limitations like age and death because Allah is eternal.

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8
Q

What is one main beliefs that Shi’a Islam holds? about tawhid

A

Belief in Tawhid - same as in Sunni Islam, that Allah is one. Allah cannot be associated with anything as ‘none is like Him;’ to do so is to commit the greatest sin called shirk

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9
Q

How many articles of faith are there in Sunni Islam

A

six

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10
Q

How many roots of ‘Usul ad-Din in Shi’a Islam

A

five

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11
Q

What is one main beliefs that Sunni Muslims hold? about angels

A

Angles communicate the message of God to humans- they deliver revelations via the prophets so that Muslims know what Allah wants them to do. They receive souls at death and do not have free will like humans do

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12
Q

What is one main beliefs that Sunni Muslims hold?

A

Belief in the authority of the revealed holy books e.g. Qur’an - it is the direct word of Allah as given through Angel Jibril

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13
Q

What is one main beliefs that Shi’a Islam holds? prophets

A

Belief in prophethood - accepting that Muhammad is God’s last prophet- Shi’a belief that Allah sent messengers to guide people to the right path and Prophet Muhammad was the last one

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14
Q

What is one main beliefs that Shi’a Islam holds? resurrection

A

Belief in the Day of resurrection - every person will be judged by Allah and humans will be physically resurrected to stand to be judged and they will be asked to account for the words and actions of their lives on Earth

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15
Q

What is the Qur’an

A

The holy book revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibril; God’s final revelation to humankind

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16
Q

What is Sunnah

A

The teachings and deeds of Muhammad

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17
Q

Why are the six articles of faith important?

A

They influence all aspects of life. If Muslims believe in the absolute power of Allah then they will live their lives according to Allah’s will.

To know what he right thing is to do, Muslims have the teachings of the prophets along with the examples of the lives of the prophets such as Muhammad and the ultimate guide of the Qur’an.

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18
Q

How do the five roots influence a Muslim’s life? (Give one way) Not tawhid for this one

A
  1. Prophethood means that Muslims are not alone in life and there is guidance in there history and in the present in the Qur’an. Muslims can clearly see what to do to please Allah.
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19
Q

How do the five roots influence a Muslim’s life? (Give one way) justice

A
  1. Belief in justice- Allah always has a purpose and His actions are based on wisdom, Allah is true and just.
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20
Q

How do the five roots influence a Muslim’s life? (Give one way) imamate

A
  1. The Imamate is important - without prophets we need leaders who we trust to protect the religion and guide us in the right way.
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21
Q

How do the five roots influence a Muslim’s life? (Give one way) tawhid

A
  1. Belief in Tawhid- means that Allah is the ultimate power and to follow Allah’s path means that Muslims are doing the right thing and the world is run by one power.
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22
Q

What does tawhid mean?

A

Belief in one God

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23
Q

What does omnipotent mean?

A

All powerful

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24
Q

What does transcendent mean?

A

More than the universe

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25
Q

What does immanent mean?

A

Within the world

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26
Q

What does beneficence mean?

A

Gives all humans what they need

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27
Q

What do Muslims believe about tawhid? Give 5 answers

A

They believe that Allah is one God, invisible and absolute.

It is one of the 6 articles of faith and one of the 5 roots

God is totally supreme and nothing comes close to Him - as the ultimate source of power and creations.

Everything belongs to Allah and humans exist because Allah wills them to.

Anything that goes against these beliefs breaks tawhid.

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28
Q

Why do Muslims believe that Jesus could not have been the Son of God?

A

Because he could not have God’s qualities which also means there is no Holy Trinity. The Christian belief in the Trinity divides Christianity and Islam in the modern world.

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29
Q

What are some quotes from the Qur’an which support the idea of God’s oneness?

A

“He is God, the One, God the eternal.”

“No one is comparable to Him.”

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30
Q

Which quote in the Qur’an supports the idea that Jesus could not have been the Son of God?

A

“Those people who say that God is the third of three are defying (the truth).”

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31
Q

What do Muslims believe about Allah’s omnipotence?

A

Allah is all powerful

Nothing happens unless Allah wills it
Allah sees Muslim’s actions and knows their innermost thoughts and desires.

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32
Q

How does Allah’s omnipotence and omniscience affect a Muslim’s life?

A

Muslims can trust Allah and trust brings them peace. Muslims believe that Allah strengthens them and weakness is good so that they can always come back to Allah even if astray.

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33
Q

What Quote in supports Allah’s omnipotence?

A

“All that is in the heavens and the earth belongs to him.”

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34
Q

Explain why Muslims believe that Allah is immanent?

A

Muslims believe that Allah must be in this world to help and guide, to give people the purpose and ability to live this life.

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35
Q

What quote from the Qur’an shows that Allah is immanent and explain what is means

A

“We are closer to human than his jugular vein.”

If the jugular vein is cut humans die so trying to live without Allah is worse than death.

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36
Q

Explain why Muslims believe that Allah is transcendent? give four answers

A

Muslims believe that Allah:

is outside this world, outside everything that He created

is outside time, whereas humans are subject to time

has no beginning or end so cannot be part of time

is beyond human understanding, limitless and therefore cannot be part of this world.

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37
Q

What is mean by mercy and beneficence? Give the arabic terms.

A

Beneficent (Al-Rahman)
Merciful (Al-Rahim)

Allah is kind, compassionate and forgiving, Allah shows these by being just and fair.

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38
Q

Explain how Allah shows mercy and beneficence. give three answers

A
  1. He sent prophets as guides to the right path so He is compassionate and humans have free will to follow his path
  2. The mercy of Allah is reflected in the rules within the Qur’an
  3. Humans constantly make mistakes - Allah always forgives those who repent. Out of mercy Allah forgives and even repeated sins are forgiven.
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39
Q

How is suffering viewed in Islam?

A

Sufferring clearly exitst but it is a test of faith to see how humans respond even where it seems beyond comprehension. It is a test whether Muslims would leave Allah astray or stay.

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40
Q

Explain why some people might doubt Allah’s mercy and beneficence in the world we live in.

A

There are several innocent people dying in the world and getting punished.

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41
Q

What is meant by Adalat?

A

It means fairness

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42
Q

How does the term Adalat apply to Allah?

A

Allah is absolute so always does what is right.

Allah rewards a good act with a good act and an evil act with consequences. Allah’s divine justice rules the universe

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43
Q

How might humans show fairness and justice in their lives?

A

This belief should influence Muslims in their lives to never be extreme, to deal with people in the right way and to be fair to others and to do good deeds.

Muslims should never be too angry or too calm and all extreme actions cannot be justified.

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44
Q

What do Shi’a Muslims believe about Allah’s justice? 4 answers

A

They believe that the justice of Allah is absolute.

Everything belongs to Allah and so humans can never lose anything.

Any situation which seems negative is actually for our own good as Allah would never be cruel or carry out injustice.

At least 40 verses of the Qur’an discuss the justice of Allah and on the Day of Judgement each individual will face justice for their own actions.

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45
Q

How does the nature of Allah influence Muslims today? Give one answer
beneficence

A

Muslims believe that their talents were given to them by Allah an his beneficence. They know that Allah is always with them (immanent) and they can never succeed on their own.

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46
Q

How does Muslims view struggles?

A

They believe that if they struggle it is a test of their determination and if they fail it is a lesson to be learned.

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47
Q

How does the nature of Allah influence Muslims today? Give one answer

A

They believe that Allah only acts in a way that is best of them even if Allah is ineffable.

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48
Q

How do Muslims question evil?

A

Some Muslims questions why does God let suffering happen? Evil people will suffer from consequences in the hereafter and they believe that even in the worst of conditions Allah’s light is shining through them.

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49
Q

How does the nature of Allah influence Muslims today? Give one answer
Extremism

A

Extremism never works as it is not Allah’s plan.

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50
Q

Define Risalah

A

Prophecy of Allah

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51
Q

Prophets are selected by and new ones arise because?

A

Prophets are selected by Allah

New prophets are selected because previous versions of the Kalam have been altered or changed.

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52
Q

What are the prophet’s three main roles?

A

To receive and pass on the same message of Islam (Kalams from Allah)

To be a perfect example of how to follow this message

To lead the community so that they follow the message of Allah

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53
Q

How many prophets are there and who are the five most significant ones?

A

There are many prophets - no exact figures, some say 124000 but the Qur’an mentions 24 by name

Adam, Ibrahim, Muhammad, Musa and Isa

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54
Q

Is one prophet better than the other?

A

All the prophets are equally important - some are only called the resolute ones because of the greater difficulties they faced

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55
Q

How do Muslims show respect to the prophets?

A

By not having any statues or images of them

Trying to follow their example and saying PBUH after their name or saying Muhammad

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56
Q

How might the belief in prophets influence a Muslims today?

A

Men will dress like Muhammad e.g. robes

Will enter the room like Muhammad is believed to

Name their children of the prophet’s families

Eating dates when breaking their fast like the prophets do

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57
Q

What do the holy books contain?

A

the message of God : The Kalam

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58
Q

Give three holy books?

A

Torah
Qur’an
Psalms

59
Q

Has the Qur’an been altered?

A

No

60
Q

What specific events in the life of prophet Adam influences the actions of Muslims today?

A

It influences them to ask for forgiveness, no sins are too great for it not to be forgiven.

During Hajj, they will stand on the mountain of Arafat and remember how Adam and Even asked for forgiveness and how Allah forgave them.

Remember that they are dependent of Allah

61
Q

Why is Adam important in Islam?

A

He is the father of all humankind
He was a prophet until his death
He taught the revelations to his sons
He taught about the work of Iblis and how to protect themselves from jinn
He built the Ka’aba as the first place of worship and with the help of angels after he was sent to Earth

62
Q

What do we know about Adam on the Earth?

A

Everything was created for Adam and his descendants so to be able to worship and know Allah.

Adam was the caretakers of the Earth and taught everything by Allah - given the ability to identify and give names, language and the ability to communicate.

Allah gave him a thirst for learning, the ability to reason, evaluate and make choices.

63
Q

What can Muslims learn from Adam?

A

Iblis and Adam disobeyed Allah. However, Adam repented for his sins straight away and regretted it all his life, so finding salvation.

Iblis showed no repentance or regret and lost all hope and was forever tormented.

64
Q

Summarise how Adam was created?

A

Created by God from the dust of the ground. Made from clay and was breathed in to him

65
Q

How does this shows humans have more than a physical body

A

We have dual nature: our soul and body.

God breathed into his soul

66
Q

What are the qualities of Ibrahim which Muslims try to copy?

A

They won’t idolise statues as that would be shirk.

They will always obey Allah’s commands.

67
Q

Why was Ibrahim called a Resolute One

A

He never abandoned Allah even when he was asked to put God before his son.

68
Q

What was Muhammad’s role?

A

It was to deliver a message that would not be changes or corrupted- had the task of converting the people of Makkah and beyond to the ways of One God and laying the basic structure for a religion

69
Q

What did Muhammad do as a prophet?

A

The conversion of Makkah was not straightforward, and Muhammad had to escape to Madinah (The Hijrah) after his religious message was rejected and his life cam under threat.
In Madinah, he became the ruler of the city both spiritually and politically. This was the first Islamic community to be set up. He later did fulfil his task of converting the people of Makkah to Islam.

70
Q

Who selects the prophets in Islam?

A

Allah

71
Q

What do prophets need to be free of and why?

A

Sins, as they need to be a perfect example of how the Kalam works in practice

72
Q

All prophets have three roles in Islam. What are these?

A

To receive the Kalam from Allah via Jibril

To be a perfect example of how this is follow life

To lead the Muslim community

73
Q

What is the Sunnah

A

The Sunnah are the practices, customs and traditions of Prophet Muhammad.

74
Q

How does the belief in Muhammad influence Muslims today?

A

Will not abandon their faith but draw strength from this during difficulties just as he did.

Name their children after him and members of his family

Copy his example e.g. dress like him, perform extra prayers

Remember key events in his life e.g. celebrate his birthday

75
Q

What was the night of Power?

A

During the month of Ramadan Muhammad was praying in a cave outside of Makkah.

He received his first revelation from God. The Angel Jibra’il visited him and told him to read. Even though he couldn’t read he knew the words off by heart.

76
Q

What was the night Journey?

A

He is taken on a winged horse from Makkah to Jerusalem. He prays to all of the prophets, goes into heaven and speaks to the prophets.

He is taken to paradise where God tells the Muslims to pray 5 times a day. He is returned to Makkah.

77
Q

What happens in 630 CE

A

Muhammad re-takes Makkah.
He destroys the idols and circles the Ka’bah 7 times anti-clockwise.
He re-dedicates this to God alone and no statues or images of God are allowed.

78
Q

Why was it important for Muhammad’s prophethood to happen at that point?

A

It was all of Allah’s plan for it to happen then.

People were becoming more distanced from the ways of Allah. Makkah was becoming a centre for idol worship.

Previous holy books had been lost or changed.

79
Q

What does the Sunnah tell Muslims?

A

Sunnah for helping the poor and needy

Sunnah to always remember Allah

80
Q

What impact does Prophet Muhammad as an individual have on Muslims today?

A

Muslims believe that he is the perfect example of a man serving Allah without question.

He was a man without godlike qualities therefore there is no reason why Muslims cannot aim to live as good a life as Muhammad.

He always focused on Allah and was humble, modest caring and prayed and knew Allah would help when difficulties arose.

81
Q

What impact does Prophet Muhammad as a teacher have on Muslims today?

A

He spoke with authority but made it easy for others to learn. He spent thirteen years in Makkah teaching people the Word of Allah. Even though he faced hatred and violence he carried on.

82
Q

What impact does Prophet Muhammad as a leader have on Muslims today?

A

Muslims claim that Muhammad was the greatest political and religious leader of all time. He allowed religious freedom, gave women rights and looked after the elderly and sick.

83
Q

What impact does Prophet Muhammad as a family man have on Muslims today?

A

Muhammad led a strong family unit; he loved his wife and still cared for the extended family after she died. He also suffered the loss of his own sons and needed his faith in Allah to help him through this

84
Q

Explain what Muslims believe about how the Qur’an was revealed.

A

Muslims believe that the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final prophet, Muhammad, through the archangel Gabriel (Jibril), incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning in the month of Ramadan, when Muhammad was 40

85
Q

Explain the different views of how the Qur’an was compiled.

A

Some Hadith say that Muhammad left behind two examples: the Qur’an and the Sunnah. As Muhammad put so much importance by the Qur’an he would have had it written down in full.
Others disagree they believe the Qur’an was collected and ordered as the Prophet had recited but not in one book.

86
Q

Why are holy books important in Islam today?

A

•Muslims believe that holy books contain truths from Allah and therefore should not be questioned nor altered – Muslims believe they should submit to Allah, and this includes his words in holy books.
• The books, especially the Qur’an, which is considered to be Allah’s final revelation, guide Muslims in how Allah wants them to live.
• The books show that Allah wants to interact with his creation, specifically humans.
• Muslims believe they can get closer to Allah and understand him better by reading
his words

87
Q

How do Muslims show respect to the Qur’an?

A

Muslims believe the Qur’an came directly from Allah and therefore it deserves respect. They show this by:
• not allowing it to touch the ground – it will be placed
on a kursi, which is a Qur’an stand usually made out
of wood, when it is read
• washing before they read it to ensure they are clean
• not handling the Qur’an unless absolutely necessary
• not speaking, eating or drinking when reading the
words of Allah
• covering it to protect it when it is not used
• placing it at the highest point in the room to signify
that it is above all other possessions.

88
Q

What are the authority of these four books: The Torah, The scrolls of Ibrahim, The Psalms and the Gospels?

A

Very little is known about theses scrolls and the Qur’an states that it confirms that is, the Torah and the Gospels although these texts have themselves become corrupted.

All four books are referred to the Qur’an so they are important and Muhammad learned from them and referred to them giving them authority and they were associated with key prophets and their revelations which gives them importance.

89
Q

Is the belief in angels accepted by all Muslims in Sunni Islam

A

Yesssss: It is mentioned in the six articles.

90
Q

How many times have angles been discussed in the Qur’an?

A

Over 100 times

91
Q

Which three angles in Islam are considered the most important>

A

Jibril, Mikail and Israfil because some Hadiths say Muhammad mentioned them three in his prayers.

92
Q

How are angels made?

A 
Out of light
Neither male or female
Invisible to humans
No free will
Won't be judged on the Day of Judgement
93
Q

How are Jinn made?

A 
Created out of fire
Male or female
Bodies- not like humans
Will ide
Invisible to humans
Judged on the Day of Judgement
94
Q

How are humans made>

A 
Created out of clay
Male or female
Can't change into any form
Judged on the Day of Judgement 
Can be good or bad
95
Q

What do angels looks like?

A

No one completely knows what the angles look like apart from Allah

96
Q

What are the angels roles?

A

The main role is to ceaselessly worship and obey Allah. They watch over humans and bring peace to believes and instilling fear in unbelievers.

97
Q

Do angels have free will?

A

No - only humans and Jinn have free will.

98
Q

How should Muslims behave towards the Agnels

A

Muslims will not curse or try to offend the angels but will respect them as Allah’s honoured servants. They are aware of their presence.

99
Q

Who is the Angel Jibril?

A

The most important angel in Islam- he brings what is needed for the spiritual needs of humans - the Kalam - which is given to the prophets.

100
Q

Who is Mika’il?

A

The angel of mercy - bringing what is needed for the physical needs of humans and is believed to gurad heaven.

101
Q

Who is angel Izra’il?

A

Is responsible for blowing the trumpet to announce the end of time.

102
Q

How does Islam explain life after death for its followers?

A

Akirah definitely exists. The Qur’an says it does and as the Word of Allah, is right.

103
Q

What is Akirah?

A

Belief in life after death is fundamental to Islam. It features in both the Sunni Six Beliefs and Shi’a Five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din.
Muslims believe life on earth is only part of human existence, as it continues after death.

Life on earth is our chance to live good lives as Allah intended or to choose to turn our back on Allah and his laws.

Muslims believe that after death, every human will be called to answer for the way they have lived their life, and that this will affect their afterlife, determining whether they will be rewarded or punished.

Muslims accept belief in Akhirah because it was promised by Allah, and they believe he never breaks his promise

104
Q

How will beliefs about Akhirah affect the life of a Muslim?

A

be more aware of their lives – their thoughts, actions and deeds are being

watched by Allah and recorded by the angels, so it may make them think more carefully about these

realise the importance of asking for forgiveness when they do something wrong, as they know Allah will also see and hear this

be more aware that every action they perform is an act of worship to Allah (ibadah)

try to please Allah by performing sacred duties, reading the Qur’an

There will be true justice

105
Q

What is predestination?

A

The destiny or choices of humans has already been decided before birth

106
Q

Do all Muslims accept predestination?

A

No - only Sunnis believe this

107
Q

What is freedom?

A

The destiny or choices of humans has not already been decided before birth. All Muslims believe we are free

108
Q

What does it mean to say that humans are accountable and responsible?

A

As humans are free they have to answer for their actions
It will determine their eternal fate
This will occur on Day of Judgement

109
Q

Where does the belief in freedom and predestination link to the core beliefs of Sunni Islam?

A

Al-Qadr or predestination is one of the six articles of faith

110
Q

Where does the belief in freedom link to the core beliefs of Shi’a Islam

A

Shi’a: Freedom is connected to the belief in Adalat or the divine justice of Allah - one of the five roots

111
Q

Explain why Shi’a do not believe that humans are predestined?

A

As there are no tablet in heaven that has all of your actions written down on it. Humans are totally free- God allows this thus our freedom is a gift from God

112
Q

Give three arguments for predestination in Islam

A

God is all-knowing and has the knowledge for everything - omniscient : he knows our future actions and our destiny before we do it

There is a preserved tablet in heaven where you whole life is written down before you were born

Our purpose is given by Allah

113
Q

Give three arguments for freedom in Islam

A

Humans have to be judged on the Day of Judgement and so have to make choices to judged - God is Adalat (just)

In the Qur’an humans and Jinn were created freely - the image of God within us unlike plants, Angels

God’s omniscience is foreknowledge it doesn’t cause us the way we have to be it is just a record pf what you are going to do.

114
Q

What kind of place is Jannah (paradise)?

A

It is magical and mystical where all wishes are fulfilled

No growing ill, old or dying and no pain or worries

It is a reward and a gift from Allah

115
Q

What is done to get there?

A

It cannot be reached by any known means

A person must have lived religiously and asked for Allah’s forgiveness

Good beliefs and actions provide the entrance ticket

116
Q

What kind of place is Jahannam (hell)?

A

It is a fire seventy times hotter than any flame on Earth

People will wail in misery

Boiling water will be poured over the heads and will experience pain everywhere

Anyone trying to climb out is pushed back in

117
Q

What is done to get there?

A

Live a wicked life full of evil

Reject the teachings of the Qur’an

Make excuses and not take responsibility; try to blame others for your own sins.

118
Q

What is meant by tawhid

A

Oneness of Allah

119
Q

What is Shari’ah

A

Islamic law

120
Q

Who were the Zabur (psalms) written by?

A

Moses

121
Q

What are angles made out of?

A

Elements of light

122
Q

Who was asked by Allah to sacrifice his son?

A

Ibrahim

123
Q

What is the name of the place where Muhammad received the Qur’an?

A

Mount Hira, near Mecca

124
Q

What is the imamate?

A

Imamate is a Shi’a belief that all imams should be spiritual descendants of the Prophet Muhammad.

125
Q

Give two Muslim beliefs about akirah?

A

After death, most Muslims believe that the soul will enter Barzakh, a state of waiting, until the Day of Judgement.

Muslims believe they get to Paradise by living religiously, asking Allah for forgiveness and showing good actions in their life.

126
Q

Name two prophets of Islam

A

Muhammad

Ibrahim

127
Q

Give two reasons why the Qur’an is important?

A

The Qur’an is relevant for all people at all times in their life. It is believed to have only come from Allah, which makes it the most important book for Muslims.

It contains some basic information that is found in the Hebrew Bible as well as revelations that were given to Muhammad. The text is considered the sacred word of God and supercedes any previous writings.

128
Q

Explain two ways in which believing in Risalah influences Muslims today?

A

Islam teaches that Allah wants to help people to live good lives, so he sends messages to guide them on how to do so. Many of these messages are found in the Qur’an. Muslims believe that messages from Allah are communicated through prophets.

129
Q

Explain two ways in which a belief in life after death influences Muslims
today

A

those who fear punishment in hell are motivated to avoid doing evil
– for example they will not drink alcohol. Similarly, those who are wronged have confidence in God’s judgement that will see evil punished
• those who look forward to the rewards of the afterlife are motivated to do good and to obey the Shariah law – they will carry out the pillars for example
• some welcome death because they are expecting a favourable punishment and reward. That includes some who are prepared to die as martyrs for their beliefs.

130
Q

Explain two Muslim teachings about angels.

A

angels were created of light: the Qur’an describes them as messengers with wings. Qur’an 35:1
• angels have various roles linked to human beings: Jibril (Gabriel) revealed the Qur’an, Qur’an 2:97; some are recording angels recording the deeds of a person’s life in the book that will be read at the final judgement; others are guardian angels who protect people
• angels serve God: they praise God ,Qur’an 21:20 and act as God commands them, Qur’an 21:26–7.

131
Q

‘To describe God as ‘omnipotent’ is the best way to understand God.’
Evaluate this statement.

A

Arguments in support
• God has to be the most powerful force that one could think about/if he is powerful, then many other attributes follow, e.g. King Judge etc
• God’s power means that he is in control of all things – seen in Creation/power to sustain creation/Muslims believe that all that happens takes place because God wills it – inshallah
• word Islam means submission and so describing God as all-powerful accords with this belief, etc.

Arguments in support of other views
Complicated idea because of the presence of evil and suffering/but there are certain things that God chooses not to do – and is ‘unable’ to do e.g. to lie.
• moral perfection means that he chooses to limit his power/idea of freewill – so given choice/better description of God as omnipresent.
• all descriptions of God are inadequate/humans need many different descriptions to try to summarise what God is like (99 names), etc.

132
Q

Explain two ways in which belief in predestination influences Muslims today

A

Muslims believe they have free will and will choose their actions accordingly
 It makes Muslims more God conscious and they will try their best to live good lives.
 They will take comfort in the fact that all good and bad comes from Allah / it gives them hope knowing that the outcome of any action (good or bad) happens only by the will of God
 Muslims believe that they will be compensated for the hardships that they endure and as such this life is a test.
 Some may lose hope when things don’t go well / it could lead to giving up in life if things are already pre-determined / may make someone too reliant on God rather than taking responsibility for their own actions, etc.
 Muslims may not be afraid of death as the outcome is determined

133
Q

Quotes about Allah:

A

” No vision can take him in but he takes in all vision.”
“Worship God; join nothing with Him.”
“In the name of God, the Lord of mercy, the Giver of Mercy.”

134
Q

Quotes about angels:

A

“They glorify him tirelessly night and day.”

“They are his honoured servants… (acting) by his command.”

135
Q

Quotes about predestination and freedom:

A

“He adds to creation His will: God has power over everything.”

136
Q

Quotes about Life after death:

A

“(Allah is) the master of the Day of Judgement”

137
Q

Quotes about Prophethood:

A

“Believe in God and his messenger, as well as what he send down before”

138
Q

Quotes about books:

A

” This is the scripture in which there is no doubt, containing guidance for those who are mindful of God”

139
Q

Quotes about all practices and beliefs in general:

A

” God does not wish to place any burden on you”

“(those who are not rightly guided are like the) deaf, dumb and blind: they will never return.

140
Q

Name two core beliefs of Sunni Islam

A

Angels

Prophets

141
Q

Explain two ways in which the belief in Allah influences a Muslim today?

A

Allah will judge their actions on the Day of Judgement, they will be careful what they do. For example, they will try to do good actions that he commanded such as praying regularly and fasting during the month of Ramadan.

As Muslims believe that Allah is worthy of worship they will make sure that they do not worship anything else besides Allah. They will not put any idols or status in their house and won’t put their family above him or money or fame.

142
Q

Explain two beliefs about Allah

A

Muslims believe in Tawhid that Allah is one God. Allah has no partners nor children and is not part of a trinity like Christians believe. QUOTE

Allah is omnipotent and can be seen when he was able to create the world out of nothing just by saying Be and it was and also when he is able to resurrect all people no matter what state they are in at the end of time.

143
Q

Name two beliefs linked to the prophet Muhammad

A

He is the last prophet

He received the Kalam from Angel Jibril

144
Q

Explain two ways in which belief in prophet’s influences Muslims today?

A

Muslims believe that the prophets are a perfect example of how to follow the will of Allah. They will copy their example in the hope that this will help them to gain entry from heaven. For example, they will perform extra prayers just as the prophets did.

Muslims believe that certain events in the lives of the prophets should be remembered. This will influence them to perform certain actions - during the Hajj they will drink from the zamzam well as this is linked to the prophet Ish’mail or will stand on the plain of Arafat as this is linked to Muhammad and Adam.

Religious Studies - Islam (1 decks)

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