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rs gcse buddhism > beliefs and teachings > Flashcards

beliefs and teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

what year buddha born

A

623 BC

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2
Q

what dream his mother had

A

special dream with elephant

asked wise men, meant he was going ti be powerful leader

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3
Q

what father did to him in early life

A

protected him inside the kingdom

spoilt him

didn’t want him to see suffering and evil

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4
Q

what happened when he visited city in secret

A

saw four sights

confronted harsh reality of suffering and impermanent

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5
Q

what were the four sights

A

old man
sick man
dead man
holy men

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6
Q

what four sights meant

A

ageing
suffering
impermanent
hope to end suffering

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7
Q

what did he now realise after seeing four sights

A

a transcending symbol of wanting to overcome suffering

wanted to be in peace

wanted to live middle way like the holy men

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8
Q

who is mara

A

the demon/devil

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9
Q

what did he try to do

A

tempt and seduce the prince with his beautiful daughters

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10
Q

how did he defeat mara

A

when meditating under bohdi tree

placed hand on ground meaning ‘i bear witness’

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11
Q

what is enlightenment

A

state of having developed the wisdom to see life as it really is

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12
Q

first way finding his enlightenment

A

by living the middle way between pain and pleasure

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13
Q

what is nirvana

A

state of peace achieved when suffering and its causes overcome

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14
Q

why is the buddha important to buddhists

A

a role model figure rather than a god figure

identifies suffering and how to overcome

anything can be achieved if mind put to it

follow the path he went through

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15
Q

what is the dharma

A

the eternal law of life and the buddhas teachings

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16
Q

what is the dharma part of

A

the three jewels

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17
Q

list three jewels

A

dharma
buddha
sangha

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18
Q

meaning of dependent originations

A

concept that’s everything is caused from previous actions

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19
Q

list the three marks of existence and meaning

A

anicca (impermance)
anatta (no fixed self or soul)
dukkha (suffering)

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20
Q

importance of the three marks of existence

A

characteristics of all things

able to identify causes of suffering

therefore attain enlightenment when overcome

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21
Q

types of dukkha

A

dukkha-dukkha
viparana-dukkha
sankarah-dukkha

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22
Q

what is dukkha-dukkha

A

painful experience both physical and mental

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23
Q

what is vipanara-dukkha

A

dukkha from change eg a loss

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24
Q

what is sankarah-dukkha

A

unrecognisable eg background anxiety even in happy moments as we do not have fixed soul

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25
Q

what are the 12 nidanas

A

12 links, outer circle of tibetan wheel

idea that one leads to another dependent origination

way to express truth that ignorance of consequence of things leading to suffering

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26
Q

list 4 noble truths

A

dukkha
samudaya (unsatisfactoriness)
nirvana (enlightenment)
magga (eightfold pathway)

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27
Q

first noble truth (dukkha)

A

all sentient beings affected by dukkha but all can liberate from it

different forms of dukkha interconnect

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28
Q

second noble truth (samudaya)

A

is cause of dukkha as tanha (craving)

leads to attachments which are impermanent themselves

never satisfied, desire more

29
Q

what is tanha part of

A

three poisons

30
Q

list three poisons

A

ignorance, attachment, aversion

31
Q

meaning and significance of three poisons

A

negative traits preventing beings from escaping samsara to reach nirvana

32
Q

third noble truth nirvana

A

liberation of the cycle of samsara

extinguishing three fires

33
Q

what do theravada buddhists think about nirvana

A

a state that lies beyond existence

need a lot of wisdom to understand

34
Q

what do mahayana buddhists think about nirvana

A

not a state

purifies true nature of samsara

exists within already and attained by realising the truth

35
Q

fourth noble truth magga

A

eightfold pathway, eliminate suffering

36
Q

list the eightfold path elements

A 
right speech
view 
intentions 
effort 
concentration 
mindfulness 
action
livelihood
37
Q

the three groups of magga

A

wisdom
morality
mental training

38
Q

what part of wisdom magga group

A

right view andintentions

39
Q

what part of morality group

A

right speech, action and livelihood

40
Q

what part of mental training group

A

right concentration, mindfulness and effort

41
Q

importance of magga

A

good karma gained from good actions when follow magga path

positive consequences

gain enlightenment and determine next life

42
Q

three fold way elements

A

path to nirvanam

ethics
meditation
wisdom

43
Q

ethics element from threefold way

A

people who follow dhamma must live in way that minimises harm to innocent

develops love and kindness

44
Q

meditation element from threefold way

A

having clear declutted mind which can help others in good way from good decisions

45
Q

wisdom element of threefold way

A

having correct outlook on life by understanding true natures of things

46
Q

difference between threefold way and eightfold way

A

magga more detailed insight on how should live life

threefold a base

47
Q

concept of five khandas/aggregates in theravada buddhism

A

what human personality is made up of and its elements

48
Q

list the five khandas

A 
form (body)
sensation (feelings)
perception (recognising what things are)
mental formations (thoughts)
consciousness (awareness)
49
Q

relationship between khandas, three marks of existence and dependent origination

A

everything depends on something else for existence

human personality is collection of interconnected and independent elements

things don’t have permanent self

50
Q

what is/ concept of sunyata (emptiness)

A

nature of not having fixed identity

wisdom helps realisation of everything is sunya

51
Q

what is/concept of tathagatagarbha

A

the potential to become a buddha

everyone has potential to become a buddha

needs developed wisdom to understand

52
Q

what is/ concept of buddha nature

A

inherent buddhahood of all sentient beings

overcome ignorance and suffering to achieve

53
Q

relationship between those human personality and four noble truths

A

need to overcome ignorance and suffering

develop wisdom to help understand

using eightfold pathway

54
Q

meaning of arahant

A

one who attained nirvana

55
Q

meaning if bodhisattva

A

delays enlightenment for sake of helping others

56
Q

meaning of buddha

A

enlightenment and awoke

57
Q

meaning of karma

A

law of cause and effect

action influencing ones future

rebirth

58
Q

meaning of compassion

A

realising ones duties

recognise and respond to dukkha

59
Q

meaning of loving kindness

A

unconditional love for all sentient beings

essential for overcoming dukkha

60
Q

meaning and lost five precepts

A

things one should abstain from

do not; take life, steal, intoxicated, sexual misconduct, lie

61
Q

what are six perfections

A

things one should always consider

generosity, morality, patience, energy, meditation and wisdom

62
Q

relationship between karma, samsara and nirvana

A

accumulating good karma from wise skilful knowledge->good rebirth->leave samsara and enlightened

63
Q

balancing compassion and wisdom

A

good knowledge to make informed decision

64
Q

internalisation of virtue

A

karma gained from intention and action behind

good intentions rewarded if outcome bad

65
Q

concept of skilful and unskillful actions

A

based of from knowledge

what ones knows what right and wrong

does what provides good outcome using wisdom

66
Q

relationship between skilful and unskillful action, karma and rebirth

A

good or bad actions from knowledge and wisdom about outcome

if intended good but actually bad still good karma

good rebirth like a reward

67
Q

importance of middle way

A

living life in balance of pleasure and pain

not to be deluded by some impermanent things but not to harm oneself either

68
Q

abstaining from immoral conduct

A

five precepts

being best u can be

minimising harm done to ur self and others

rs gcse buddhism (2 decks)

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