belgian blue Flashcards
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what type of allele is the double muscle genotype?
recessive
why are belgian blues inbreed?
to preserve the recessive double muscle mutation in the myostatin gene
how are belgian blue cows breed?
they are bred with the other mutated cows through artificial insemination
what type of breeding is done to maintain the mutation?
inbreeding
why do belgian blues have double muscles?
a mutation in the myostatin gene which doubles muscle fibres
what is the phenotype of belgian blues?
they produce double muscle
what is a phenotype?
an expressed characteristic (which stems from a genotype)
why are belgian blues important?
they produce the highest meat yield in comparison to other cows (up to 80%)
Who is a descendant of the belgian blue?
Auroch and cattle cows
what is the belgian blue’s generic name ?
Bos Taurus
what alleles do cows need to have to have this mutation?
homozygous recessive to express
what alleles do cows need to be a carrier of this mutation?
heterozygous
what is an allele?
a specific variant form of a gene (e.g having double muscle and not)
what can punnet squares do?
show the probability of offspring inheriting this mutation
if a belgian blue has offspring with a cow that doesn’t have this mutation nor carry it, what is the probability their offspring will have it?
0%
if a belgian blue mates with a carrier of this genetic mutation, what is the probability of their offspring expressing this phenotype?
50%
how can a farmer ensure two cows will 100% produce offspring with double muscle?
if both cows are homozygous recessive
what is a mutation?
a change in bases in the dna and genome sequencing that changes the amino acid coded
how can genome analysis help ensure offspring all have double muscles?
by looking at an individual genome, it can track the myostatin gene and see if the mutation is present and both alleles are recessive.
what impacts can inbreeding have?
they can result in more susceptibility to diseases due to the increased likely-hood of offspring inheriting identical copies of mutated genes and from both parental cells
