Behaviourist Approach Flashcards
What was their focus
Scientific processes involved in learning
What did they believe
the use of lab experiments controlled extraneous variables
The Biological Approach
Developed after Behaviourism. In modern psychology, we can carry out controlled and objective observation in the lab using scans and imaging. e.g. fMRI and EEG
Why did behaviourist reject introspection
Too vague and untestable
Cognitive Neuroscience
- This approach combines cognitive and biological approaches
- Using brain scans, it allows us to look at how biological structures influence our mental states
- It allows us to try to identify and measure cognitive processes eg memory, attention decision making and perception
How is cognitive Neuroscience similar to Wundt’s research
both standardised and using controlled conditions, not objective
2 types
- classical conditioning
- operant conditioning
should focus on
observable behaviour
the best method for scientific approach
the lab experiment
Classical conditioning
- Responses are = involuntary
- Behavior is learned when = different stimuli are repeatedly paired so they become associated with each other and elicit the same response
Examples of Classical Conditioning
Flinching
Operant Conditioning
- Voluntary
- e.g. if consequences re pleasant or rewarding a person is more likely to behave that way in the future
Positive reinforcement
Increases likelihood of repeating behavior
Negative Reinforcement
Increases behaviour
Punishment
Decreases
