Behaviourism

Question 1

Controlled research and counterpoint AO3✅

Answer 1

Focused on measuring observable behaviour in controlled lab setting. Reduces extraneous variables. Validity,
BUT ignores the factor of human thought by oversimplifying learning process. More complex then observable behaviours, mental processing is essential. Lacks validity.

Question 2

Real world application✅

Answer 2

OC used for token economies In prisons and psychiatric patients. CC used for phobias by replacing CR with relaxation. Credibility

Question 3

Determinism❌

Answer 3

Environmental determinist - behaviours caused by environment
Suggests that we learn everything everything through environment and ignores influences of conscious decision making. Lacks validity.

Question 4

2 assumptions

Answer 4

✧ All behaviour is learnt
✧ relies on animal studies and lab experiments

Question 5

Classical conditioning

Answer 5

✧ Learning by association, Pavlov
UCS (food) -> UCR (salivation)
NS (bell) + UCS (food) -> UCR (salivation)
CS (bell) -> CR (salivation)

Question 6

Operant conditioning

Answer 6

✧ Learning through reinforcement
- Skinner box - rat accidentally pressed leaver, received food (reward). Rat got shocked if lever wasn’t pressed.

Question 7

Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement

Answer 7

Positive: reward given to encourage behaviour
Negative: something undesired is taken away in response to a behaviour to encourage behaviour