Behavioural explanation to phobias

Question 1

Two process model

Answer 1

Classical and operant conditioning

Question 2

Behavioural approach

Answer 2

All bhvr is learnt

Question 3

Classical conditioning

Answer 3

Learning by association through stimulus and response

Question 4

Watson and Rayner

Answer 4

Little Albee study 
-rat (NS)+ loud noise (UCS) = UCR 
Repeated 
NS + UCS = fear 
NS = FEAR 
rat = CS 
Fear = CR

Question 5

Operant conditioning

Answer 5

Learning through reinforcement or punishment

Question 6

Evaluation - 2 process model strength

Answer 6

P - real world application in exposure therapies
E- once avoidance bhvr is prevented it ceases to be reinforced by the experience of anxiety reduction + avoidance declines
L - This shows the value of the two process model approach because it identifies treatment to phobias.

Question 7

Evaluation - 2 process model limitation

Answer 7

P- does not account for cognitive aspects of phobias
E- two process model only explains bhvr. Phobias are not just avoidance responses.
E- irrational beliefs
L- does not completely explain symptoms of phobias.

Question 8

Evaluation - two process model strength

Answer 8

P- evidence for link between bad experiences and phobias
E- little Albert study - frightening experience involving stimulus can lead to a phobia of that stimulus.
E- other studies can be compare to control group.
L- this confirms that the association between stimulus and and UCR does lead to development of phobia