Behavioural Ecology Flashcards
Behavioural Ecology
how environmental/ selection pressures influence behaviour
behaviour
organism response to stimulus
adaptive Behaviour
behaviour that increases fitness of organism
how does waggle dance work
what happens when they do not have a tutor
-direction of food with respect to angle of sun
-distance is duration of waggle
-quality is how vigerous
-they over exadgerate the distance and the accuracy
-need social learning in order to do waggle correctly
what happens if the bee’s waggle dance not corrected
they overshoot for the rest of their lives, sensitive time period for learning
Inclusive fitness
AKA overall fitness, determined by individuals survival/ reproduction, aswell as their genetic relatives
what chemical is tied to bees going outside and shit
PKGx
cooperation
both donor and recepient gain commonly within species
exchange of resources, protection
4 types of altruism and their meaning
- group selection: neglect own needs in favor of group
2.manipulation:donor doesnt realize its being parasitized - reciprocal altruism: recipient pays back
- kin selection: individuals increase inclusive fitness by helping relatives
When is there altruism
when cost/benefit<coefficient of relationship
harms donor, benefits recipient
coefficient of relationship
probability that alleles at given point will be identical by decent among 2 individuals in a population
spite
fucks over everyone, increase inclusive fitness by lowering that of others
selfish
benefit donor, harm recipient
sociality in animals
consists of group of individuals living together, involving some cooperation between animals
evolution of social group accompanied by: (3)
-cooperative feeding
-defense of the social group
-restricted reproductive opportunities
cooperative Breeding
most likely relatives in group
-defence
prepare/maintain living area
feed young
tit for tat
Eusociality in animals
-highest level of organization of society
-independently evolved
1.individuals of more than one generation live together
2.cooperative care of young
3. division of labir
bees eusociality
haplodiploid-75% gene shared
more likely to die for eachother
-not all are eusocial
leafcutter ants eusociality
division of labor based on head size
naked mole rat eusociality
life centers around queen and her offspirng
-queen very active
if queen dies, another female will take role, competing with others
why has eusociality evolved?
kin selection may play role–> high degree of relatedness
-ecological constraints–> maintenence of burrow, defence
