Behaviour Management Flashcards
What are the two methods of behaviour management?
pharmacological behaviour management
non-pharmacological behaviour management
What are the 4 classifications of children’s behaviour?
- lack co-operative ability
- pre co-operative
- potentially co-operative
- co-operative
What is lacking co-operative ability?
Children with specific disabilities with whom co-operation in the usual manner may not be achieve
What is pre-co-operative?
- Very young children
- Communication cannot yet be established
What is co-operative?
Have a reasonable level of co- operation in the dental setting
What is potentially co-operative?
*Has the capability to accept treatment
*Behaviour is modifiable *Can learn to accept dentistry and become
co-operative
What are characteristics of age 6-8 years?
- Established at school and moving away from from security of family
- Increasing independent
- Transition to greater independence can cause considerable anxiety and distress
- Marked increase in fear responses
- Can have a decrease in co-operation
in previously coping children - Seek acceptance
What are characteristics of age 8-12 years?
- Part of a larger social groups and strongly influenced by them
- Growing concerns of embarrassment – careful discussion of oral hygiene, appearance
- Become ‘followers’
- Can hide their feelings and adopt a ‘cool’
attitude - Intellect becomes important
- Respond well to discussion and need to engage in independence
What are characteristics of adolescents?
- Faced with solving major questions such as ‘Who am I?’; ‘Who should I be?’
- Can be perceived incorrectly as self-absorbed, excluding themselves,
narcissistic - Looking for greater autonomy – new identities, realities, concepts
- Believe they are invulnerable or that adverse results from their actions won’t happen to them
- Believe their experiences are entirely unique
- Greater rapport developed with dentists who are non–judgmental, non-
preaching and respectful - Treating adolescents as their own person, independent from parents and guardians, is helpful
- Discuss non-dental topics to develop rapport
- Emphasising importance of self-dental care to maintain their ‘smile’ helpful
What is dental anxiety?
- Occurs without a present triggering stimulus
- Reaction to unknown danger
- Very common when proposed treatment never experienced
before
What is dental fear?
- Reaction to a known danger
- Involves flight-fight-freeze response when confronted with threatening situation
What is dental phobia?
- Displays persistent and extreme fear of objects or situations
- Avoidance Behaviour and interference of daily life
What are components of DFA?
Physiological and somatic sensations
Cognitive features
Behavioural reactions
What is the impacts of DFA on the child and caregivers?
- Negative impact on the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL)
- Children with DFA have worse oral health than their peers
- Untreated caries can lead to pain and infection
- Report more frequent tooth pain
- Increased number of ‘missing’ teeth
- Children with behaviour management problems are:
- twice as likely to have dental caries at 5yo
- Less likely to have dental radiographs taken
- More likely to have restorative treatment completed without local anaesthetic
- Can be distressing for caregivers
What are factors affecting child and adolescent DFA?
Previous Medical History Previous Dental History Social History Factors Parental Anxiety
Parenting Style
Parental Presence
Child Awareness of Dental Problems
Behaviour of the Dental Team
Child Temperament
