Behaviour Change Flashcards
Self-care
Care taken by individuals towards their own health and well-being
Children, family, friends and others in the local community
Study of health behaviour
Change behaviour patterns
Active role in improving their health
Avoiding health enhancing behaviours
Avoiding health compromising behaviours
Stages of change model: pre-contemplation
Not intending to make any changes
Stages of change model: contemplation
Considering a change
Becoming aware of need
Experience physical, psychological, spiritual discomfort
Purpose
Feel powerful and in control
Stages of change model: preparation
Making small changes
Stages of change model: action
Actively engaging in new behaviour
Recognise patterns
Cue - reminders
Active reinforcement
Support network
Stages of change model: maintenance
Sustaining the behaviour over time
Stages of change model: relapse
Targets too high
Rewards too far away
Unforeseen crisis
Quality (lack) of support
Coping with negative consequences e.g. anxiety
Stages of change model: criticisms
Intensions not clearly formulated
Focus on conscious processes
Labelled at a stage
All stages?
Certain order?
Clear-cut change or specific action
Stages of change model: implications
Vary in readiness to change
Jump ahead of readiness and resistance will develop
Helping patient develop change plan
Health belief model: threat perception
Degree to which the person perceives the behaviour as a personal threat
Perceived susceptibility - to illness or problem
Perceived severity - consequences of illness
Health belief model: behaviour evaluation
Perception that the particular practice will be effective in reducing the threat
Perceived benefits - of health behaviour
Perceived barriers - of health behaviour
Health belief model: cue to action
Individual holding appropriate beliefs about health behaviour
E.g. symptoms of illness
E.g. sign such as a health promotion leaflet
Health belief model: limitations of social cognitive models
Assume health behaviour is based on rational decision making process
Don’t take into account - unconsciousness, learned behaviour, emotions, irrationality, need for control, wider contextual processes
Social networks
Shape behaviours
Spread ideas, attitudes, or behaviour patterns
Imitation and conformity
Preferred and sustained over time
Habitus shaping behaviours
Social class
What we see as normal
What we can afford
Network impact
Social support and social participation
Social and emotional support
Interpersonal relationships
Networks help make and sustain changes
Behaviour change and social networks
Who we know
Who is around us
What they like doing
What we do together
What they and we can afford
Improving the structure and efficiency of networks
New network links
Change in how we relate with existing networks
Goal setting
Focus our attention
Direct efforts
SMART - specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, time bound
Goal setting: important aspects
Patient centred - enjoy doing, important to them, accepted
Clarity
Challenging
Require commitment
Feedback
Increase in complexity
Nudge theory
Improving decision about health, wealth, and happiness (Thaler and Sunstein, 2008)
Choice architecture - outside forces guid one’s decision in one direction or another
Social network engagement
Diverse ties - expanding networks
Develop links and access support
Reduce contact with ties that have negative impact
Link with weaker ties e.g. hobby, community
Improve collective efficacy of networks - right thing at right time
Social network engagement: leads to improved
Knowledge
Skills
Source of support that is acceptable
Reduced burden on oneself and other network members
