Behavioral Science Review Flashcards
What are the three types of neurons in the nervous system?
Sensory (afferent)
Motor (efferent)
Interneurons (Reflex arcs in spinal cord uses these)
Branches of the nervous system
Central(brain and spinal cord) and Peripheral(somatic and autonomic(sympathetic and parasympathetic)
Somatic
voluntary
autonomic
automatic
parasympathetic
rest and digest
sympathetic
fight or flight
midbrain
contains the inferior and superior colliculi
hindbrain
contains the cerebellum, medulla, oblongata, and reticular formation
forebrain
contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex
Thalamus
relay station for sensory information
Hypothalamus
maintains homeostasis and integrates with the endocrine system through the hypophyseal portal system
Hypophyseal portal system
connects to the anterior pituitary
Basal ganglia
smoothens movements and maintains postural stability
Limbic System
contains the septal nuclei, amygdala, and hippocampus, controls emotion and memory
Cerebral cortex is divided into what four lobes
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Frontal Lobe
controls executive function, impulse control, long term planning, motor function and speech production
Parietal Lobe
Controls sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain, spatial processing, orientation, and manipulation
Occipital Lobe
controls visual processing
Temporal Lobe
controls sowund processing, speech perception, memory and emotion
Neurotransmitters
are released by neurons to carry a signal to another neuron or effector.
Acetylcholine
a neurotransmitter responsible for voluntary muscle control, parasympathetic nervous system, attention, alertness
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
NT Fight or flight responses, wakefulness, alertness. Produced by the adrenal medulla
Dopamine
NT Smooth movements, postural stability
Serotonin
NT Mood, sleep, eating, dreaming
