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Behavioral Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

ADHD is more common in the {{BLANK}} gender

A

Male

Especially if they have a 1st degree relative

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2
Q

What is the brief characterization of ADHD?

A
  • Poor task attention
  • Impulsivity
  • Over activity
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3
Q

What is the Dx criteria for ADHD?

A
  • Present < 12 yo
  • Present ≥ 6 months
  • Occur in 2 ≥ environments
  • Impact functioning (e.g., academic, social, occupational)
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4
Q

What is true of study findings regarding the treatment of ADHD?

A

Pharmacologic & combination (CBT + pharmacotherapy) are more effective than CBT alone or routine community care

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5
Q

Due to the MOA of ADHD pharmacotherapies, you should perform {{BLANK}} to monitor all patients.

A

EKG/ECHO

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6
Q

If a pediatric patient is known to start fires what should you do?

A

refer to mental health professional

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7
Q

When does breath holding typically occur?

A

Infants & Toddlers

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8
Q

What scary thing can happen when a child performs breath holding?

A

Seizures

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9
Q

A pediatric patient of 3 yo is brought into your office by their mother. The mother complains that the child is holding their breath and was not concerned until yesterday when they experienced a seizure. What is your recommended treatment?

A

Ignore the episodes

Toddler will D/C activity eventually

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10
Q

When do temper tantrums usually occur?

A

18 mo to 3 yo

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11
Q

What is the treatment for temper tantrums?

A
  • Verbal resolution
  • Time out
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12
Q

When does lying usually occur?

A

2-4 yo

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13
Q

Conduct disorder can be characterized by various behaviors including?

A

Anti-Social Behaviors
* Stealing
* Lying
* Fire setting
* Property destruction
* Cruelty to animals
* Running away
* Weapon use

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14
Q

What is the treatment for conduct disorder?

E.g., weapon use, running away, stealing, etc.

A

Individual or Group Therapy

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15
Q

Enuresis is typically present in the {{BLANK}} gender

A

Male

M:F = 7%, 3% at 5 yo

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16
Q

Pica typically occurs at what age?

A

1-2 yo

17
Q

What should you do/monitor for in pica?

A
  • Lead poisoning
  • Parasitic infestation

Typically, self-limiting, gone by 2 yo

18
Q

Rumination disorder can be fatal due to?

A

Failure-to-thrive or weight loss due to repeated regurgitation of food

19
Q

The {{BLANK}} gender predominates rumination disorder

A

Male

20
Q

Rumination disorder typically presents at what age?

A

3-14 mo

21
Q

Nocturnal enuresis can typically be treated by?

A
  • Behavioral modifications
  • Fluid restriction
  • Conditioning devices
  • Imipramine 25 mg qd
22
Q

How is functional fecal incontinence (FFI) defined?

AKA, Encopresis

A
  • Repeated involuntary passage of stool in underwear after toilet training
  • Typically, > 4 yo
  • Absence of NMSK anorectal dysfunction
23
Q

How is FFI diagnosed?

A
  • ≥ 2 of the following: < 2 bowel movements/week, passing hard/painful stools, retentive posturing/stool retention (excessive), large stools blocking toilet, large rectal fecal mass, ≥ 1 episode per week
  • Duration of ≥ 1 month
  • Absence of organic disease
24
Q

You should perform further investigation in those suspected of FFI because…

A

90% of constipation is functional (e.g., hypothyroidism, Hirschsprung, Celiac, MEN-2)

25
Q

What is the DOC for FFI?

A

PEG 1-1.5 g/kg/day in 10 mL/kg H2O

26
Q

A {{BLANK}} diet should be followed along with limiting milk consumption to {{BLANK}} per day in those with FFI

A
  • High-fiber diet
  • Limit milk to ≤ 18 oz/day
27
Q

{{BLANK}} affects stage 3 or 4 sleep in 10-15% of school aged children

A

Somnambulism

Sleep walking

28
Q

{{BLANK}} happens more often in preschool kids in non-REM sleep around stage 4 (arousal)

A

Night terrors

29
Q

{{BLANK}} versus night terrors happen in REM phase of sleep with an association with anxiety and affective disorders

A

Nightmares

30
Q

{{BLANK}} is defined as frequent daytime naps, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic hallucinations

Frequently seen in adolescence

A

Narcolepsy

31
Q

What is the Tx for narcolepsy?

A
  • Sleep studies
  • Sometimes Antidepressants
32
Q

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome typically manifests by 7 yo and is characterized by?

A

Compulsive barking, grunting, and shouting obscence words

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