Behavior Analysis for Lasting Change ~ Ch. 1: Achieving Lasting Behavior Change By Applying Behavior Analysis

Question 1

John B. Watson

Answer 1

believed to be founder of behaviorism. - pg. 3

Question 2

ontogeny

Answer 2

the origin of development of an individual organism from embryo to adult. - pg. 4

Question 3

phylogeny

Answer 3

historical patterns of relationships among their genetic endowments, past experiences, and the internal and external environmental contingencies of reinforcement currently affecting them. - pg. 4

Question 4

Darwinian selectionism

Answer 4

patterns of behavior evolve and persist through natural selection; the local common code of systems of beliefs and attitudes about what is good and bad, right and wrong. - pg. 4

Question 5

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Answer 5

ABA is an evidence based method of examining and changing what people (and other living creatures) say and do. - pg. 5

Question 6

conceptual analysis of behavio

Answer 6

verbally addresses historical, philosophical, theoretical, and methodological issues.

Question 7

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) defined by the Behavior Analysis Certification Board

Answer 7

ABA is the design, implementation, and evaluation of environmental modifications to produce socially significant improvement in human behavior. ABA includes the use of direct observation, measurement, and functional analysis of the relations between the environment and behavior. ABA uses changes in environmental events, including antecedent stimuli and consequences, to produce practical and significant changes in behavior. These relevant environmental events are usually identified through a variety of specialized assessment methods. ABA is based on the fact that an individual’s behavior is determined by past and current environmental events such as genetic endowment and ongoing behavioral difficulties by changing the individual’s environment rather than focusing on variables that are, at least presently, beyond our direct access. - pg. 7

Question 8

behavior

Answer 8

what living organisms do, including what and how they communicate.

Question 9

Baer, Wolf, and Risely (1968)

Answer 9

ABA is “experimental investigations of behavior conducted in real-world settings.” - pg. 7

Question 10

applied

Answer 10

socially significant behaviors

Question 11

behavioral

Answer 11

observable, objective, measurable behaviors

Question 12

analytical

Answer 12

demonstrates functional relationships

Question 13

technological

Answer 13

all procedures implemented with so much detail that anyone else could implement it

Question 14

conceptually systematic

Answer 14

procedures based on principles of behavior analysis

Question 15

effective

Answer 15

demonstrates socially significant behavior change

Question 16

generality

Answer 16

behavior change across behaviors, people, and settings

Question 17

applied research

Answer 17

investigating and analyzing the effect environmental changes produce upon socially important behavior in real-life settings (home, school, community, etc.)

Question 18

basic behavioral research

Answer 18

conducted in a lab under tightly controlled experimental conditions and generally focuses on quantifiable arbitrary actions (not values by society)

Question 19

pragmatic

Answer 19

designed to be of practical value

Question 20

ABA categories of investigations for behavior change tactics

Answer 20

increasing behavior, teaching and maintaining behavior, making behavior appropriately repsonsive to highly specific stimuli, selecting the most valid and reliable measurement or functional analytic system, generalizing, & reducing

Question 21

radical behaviorism

Answer 21

takes the perspective that feelings, sensations, ideas, thoughts, and other features of mental life are subject to the same behavioral laws and principles as overt behaviors. - pg. 15

Question 22

overt behaviors

Answer 22

products of behavior that permit reliable observation and measurement, including what participants say and do - pg. 15

Question 23

factors that can contribute to behavior change

Answer 23

genetic endowment, access to learning opportunities, prior learning, historical and current antecedent and consequential stimuli

Question 24

constructional approach

Answer 24

concentrate on selecting or designing and pursuing constructive behavioral goals through positive means

Question 25

positive behavior support

Answer 25

applied science that uses educational and systems change methods (environmental redesign) to enhance quality of life and minimize problem behavior.- pg. 18

Question 26

Roles of data collection

Answer 26

demonstrating that the program continues faithfully to be administered according to its original design and to demonstrate ongoing success or failure of the program of intervention.