Behavior Flashcards
Type of oral stereotypes?
cribbing and tongue-rolling
Why is wood shewing not commonly considered as a stereotype?
Stereotype behavior refer to behavior that are repetitive, invariant with no goal. However, some horses chew on wood to supplement and provide their bodies with nutrients that are not being given in their diets, especially when they are not being fed adequate amounts of forage.
Type of locomotion stereotypes
- weaving
- head moving
- stall or box walking
What is the main damage caused by stereotypes
the horse loses monetary value
Why is pawing not considered a stereotype for some people?
Pawing may be exhibited by a horse as an intrinsic behavior such as digging to find grass or water.
Pawing can also be a conditional behavior in which the horse was mistakenly rewarded for pawing.
What are some suggestions to reduce incidents of stereotypic behaviors?
- Provide companion and social interactions.
- provide enrichment, such as toy and plenty of forage.
- allow the horse to spend as much time outside grazing.
- Minimize stress factors
T/F There is little evidence supporting that horses learn stereotypic behaviors from one another.
True
Name the following
A: white line
B: hoof wall
C: Frog
D: bulb of heels
F: Sole
G: Bars
inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the hoof
laminitis
How is chronic laminitis detected?
irregular rings in the hoof wall
What are signs of laminitis?
heat and increase pulse rate in the hooves
What are some measurements to prevent laminitis?
proper management of feeding, exercise and hoof care
How to know if a horse has laminitis in their four feet?
the horse will stand with their hind feet up under their body and the front feet back under their body.
How to know if a horse has laminitis in their forelimbs?
the horse will stand with their back feet up and under their body and their front feet forward.
inflammation of the bursa between the deep digital flexor tendon and the navicular bone of the hoof
navicular disease
Signs that indicate your horse has navicular disease.
horse may rest the toe on the ground with the heel raised
How would a horse move if all his feet are affected by navicular disease?
The horse will point one foot first and then the other
What could prevent or help horses with navicular disease?
prevent the horse from standing in hard surfaces
bruises of the sole
corn
What is the main cause of corn?
inappropriate shoeing
What is the best way to prevent corn?
proper shoeing
opening or splitting of the hoof
cracks
What is the main cause of cracks?
overgrowth of hoof or trauma
What can help prevent cracks?
special shoeing or trimming as well as providing moisturizer
What’s a sign of bruises in a horse’s heel?
horse will stand on the toe
T/F Bruises are treated like puncture wounds.
True
What are common treatments for bruises in horses?
ventral drainage, soaking the foot in antiseptic solution and regular bandaging.
infections under the sole
abscess
How to treat abscesses in horses?
drainage, flushing with hydrogen peroxide, wrapping the foot, soaking the foot in warm Epsom salt water, antiseptic treatment, or antibiotic ointment
Injury to the coronary band of the lateral cartilages can lead to infection of the collateral cartilage, which results in
quittor
issues associated with collateral cartilage
sidebone
arthritis of the fetlock joint
osselets
What is the main reason associated with osselets?
repeated concussion
If a foal with osselet is affected on both fetlock joints, the foal will likely move in what manner?
with a short and choppy stride.
If a foal with osselet is affected on one fetlock joints, the foal will likely move in what manner?
the affected leg will be lame
new bone growth on the proximal, middle or third phalanx
ringbone
Base narrow horses develop ringbone on the ___________.
outside
Base wide horses develop ringbone on the ____________.
inside
Splints are common condition in horses (years old?)
3 and less
What are the treatments for splints?
ice pack or cold water therapy, anti-inflammatory agents, wrapping and resting.
What are the causes of bowed-tendon?
over-stretching, muscle fatigue, extreme physical stress, improper conditioning
foals with both left and right joints deviated in the same direction
windswept
foals with knees or hocks deviating inward
valgus
occurs when foals are fed excessive amounts of proteins, carbohydrates/fats, or phosphorus
developmental orthopedic disease (DOD)
Tool used for cleaning out the bottom of the horse’s foot.
hoof pick
Tool used to remove the surplus growth of the wall
hood nipper
Tool used to remove shoes or nails
pinchers
Type of shoe used on the front feet of horses particularly involved in trotting or racing.
half-round shoes
Type of shoe used on the back feet of reining horses
sliding plates
Type of shoe used on the hind feet to stabilize breakover of the foot.
square-toed shoes
Type of shoes that help to correct stance and gait defects
extension shoes
should not be used on working horses
used in conjunction with the egg bar to alleviate tension on the flexor tendon
rocker-toe shoe
Type of shoe used to support rear portion of the foot
egg-bar shoe
Type of shoe used to transfer weight from the wall to the frog
heart bar shoe
Type of shoe used to raise the angle of the foot
Wedge heels
Type of shoe used to elevate the heels of a horse
Patten shoe
