Behavior

Question 1

What will small ruminants start to do as you approach their herd?

Answer 1

(Become alert and start to group together)

Question 2

(T/F) For small ruminants, it is best to move them as a group and then separate individuals once the group is in a pen.

Answer 2

(T)

Question 3

There are two options for making a small ruminant more comfortable with needing to be isolated for treatments, what are those two options?

Answer 3

(Give them a companion in an adjacent pen or they need to be in complete isolation where they cannot see or hear other sheep/goats)

Question 4

What do the critical distances (alert, flight, and escape distances) and flight zones of a flock depend on? Two answers.

Answer 4

(Breed and conditioning)

Question 5

Of sheep and goats, which tend to be more individualistic?

Answer 5

(Goats, especially the dairy goats that are handled more often)

Question 6

(T/F) If introducing a new leader to a herd of small ruminants, it should be of the same species.

Answer 6

(F, not necessarily)

Question 7

What is a benefit to herd behavior in relation to sick animals?

Answer 7

(Sick animals will separate themselves from the herd which gives you a clue as to who is sick)

Question 8

How can you confirm that a lamb is appropriately suckling from mom?

Answer 8

(The tail should be wagging during suckling)

Question 9

(T/F) Lambs always stretch after waking up.

Answer 9

(T)

Question 10

(T/F) Kids are more independent than lambs.

Answer 10

(T)

Question 11

What is the purpose of isolating small ruminant newborns and dams from the rest of the herd?

Answer 11

(To improve bonding)

Question 12

Why should females be selected to be bred based on their mothering ability?

Answer 12

(To prevent maternal rejection)

Question 13

Orphan grafting needs to occur within what time period post gestation in small ruminants? Range in hours.

Answer 13

(12-24 hours)

Question 14

When should you avoid mixing or introducing new small ruminants? Two answers.

Answer 14

(During breeding season and late gestation/lambing season → should aim to do it during low stress periods)

Question 15

Why can sheep and goats be co-grazed with cattle?

Answer 15

(Because they graze/browse pastures differently than cattle)

Question 16

When does fighting between sows most often occur, which will result in wounds of the udder, flank, and/or vulva?

Answer 16

(During the remixing of sows after weaning)

Question 17

Why is it important to have an area of retreat for loser pigs that includes a dark corner or hole?

Answer 17

(Eye contact is important for fighting between pigs, if they can disrupt the eye contact the dominant pig will usually stop fighting)

Question 18

(T/F) Hogs with floppy ears are more skittish than hogs with erect ears and will generally eat less and become more quickly agitated.

Answer 18

(T)

Question 19

How do commercial versus naturally weaning times differ for pigs?

Answer 19

(Weaning is done at 3-5 weeks of age in commercial settings; naturally will occur at 3-4 months of age)

Question 20

Aggressive behavior in pot belly pigs is associated with two instances/situations, what are they?

Answer 20

(Their estrous cycle and when defending the family unit)

Question 21

Do swine prefer to eat individually or as a part of a group?

Answer 21

(Group)

Question 22

Will the piglets that feed on the posterior or anterior teats gain more weight?

Answer 22

(Anterior → the dams hindlimb makes the posterior teats harder to access)

Question 23

In what dimension are cows limited vision wise?

Answer 23

(Vertical, can see very wide range horizontally but not so much up and down)

Question 24

The vomeronasal organ is used to detect pheromones particularly in what body secretion?

Answer 24

(Urine, for detecting heat)

Question 25

Are cows more sensitive to cold or heat?

Answer 25

(Heat, will start to attempt to mitigate increased temperatures a lot sooner than decreased temperatures)

Question 26

Is eating time decreased or increased when a cow is being fed concentrate instead of being let out to graze?

Answer 26

(Decreased, grazing usually 8-9 hours, concentrates usually 5 hours)

Question 27

Why is ruminating time decreased when a cow is being fed concentrates?

Answer 27

(Bc roughage obtaining from grazing is what takes so much time to ruminate, concentrates are easier to ferment and digest)

Question 28

Are Bos taurus or Bos indicus cattle more acquainted to heat and will therefore not need to intake as much water when temperatures are higher?

Answer 28

(Bos indicus)

Question 29

Do dairy or beef bulls have a higher libido?

Answer 29

(Dairy → this is why they are considered more dangerous)

Question 30

Is morbidity higher or lower in docile cows?

Answer 30

(Higher, will show signs of illness a lot sooner than super agitated cows)

Question 31

Will animals scoring 5-6 on the temperament scale have a higher or lower mortality?

Answer 31

(Higher, will not show signs of sickness until it kills them)

Question 32

What temperament scale scores are more likely to lead to ‘dark cutters’?

Answer 32

(High scores, 5-6)

Question 33

How does hunting and rearing of young differ between dogs and wolves?

Answer 33

(Dogs have decreased cooperative hunting and rearing of young when compared to wolves)

Question 34

(T/F) Dogs are unlikely to form stable packs.

Answer 34

(T)

Question 35

How do domestication and taming differ?

Answer 35

(Taming relates to the current animal(s) whereas domestication involves generational time)

Question 36

What is paedomorphosis?

Answer 36

(Retention of puppy/juvenile traits into adulthood)

Question 37

What is the neonatal period defined as?

Answer 37

(Birth until the eyes/ears open, takes approximately 2 weeks in dogs)

Question 38

What are the primary senses of the neonatal period in dogs?

Answer 38

(Touch and taste)

Question 39

(T/F) Early neurological stimulation in puppies can substitute routine handling, play socialization, and bonding.

Answer 39

(F)

Question 40

Full development of pain perception in puppies develops during what stage?

Answer 40

(The transition stage so between the neonatal and socialization stages)

Question 41

What does the transition period for puppy development end with?

Answer 41

(The onset of the acoustic startle response)

Question 42

Puppies will develop the skill of eliminating in specific locations based on odor primarily by what age?

Answer 42

(8.5 weeks)

Question 43

Do puppies in the age range of 3-5 weeks have a slow or rapid recovery from fearful incidents?

Answer 43

(Rapid)

Question 44

During what age in puppies is when peak avoidance of strangers and unfamiliar things occur?

Answer 44

(When puppies are 12-14 weeks of age)

Question 45

When is the common onset of aggression problems in dogs?

Answer 45

(1-3 years of age, this is when adult behavior patterns are established)

Question 46

A higher pitch bark can indicate a greeting, playfulness, or distress while a lower pitch bark can indicate threat or assertive aggression but barking needs to be interpreted within the context of what other characteristics of the dog?

Answer 46

(Their body language)

Question 47

What is the common social unit of a cat colony?

Answer 47

(Matrilineal → queen and her offspring)

Question 48

What tail position in a cat indicates a willingness to interact?

Answer 48

(Upright)

Question 49

(T/F) Boldness is an inherited trait in cats.

Answer 49

(T)

Question 50

What emotions are indicated when a cat has piloerection?

Answer 50

(Defense/fear)

Question 51

What about the eyes of a cat can indicate fear/emotional arousal?

Answer 51

(Dilated pupils)