Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Introduction To Veterinary Technology > Behavior > Flashcards

Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

His theories laid the foundation for classical ethology

A

Charles Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The science of animal behavior

A

Ethology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Evolution

A

Slow change and development that gradually leads to new species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Species

A

Group of similar living organisms that can exchange genes and produce young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Instinct

A

Combination of innate responses characteristic of a species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Natural selection

A

Process that awards survival and reproductive success to individuals and groups best adjusted to their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Classical ethology

A

Belief that much of what animals know is instinctive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pavlov’s role in study of animal behavior

A

Questioned the role of instinct, his experiments with dogs and learned association helped found the school of animal psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Involuntary (or unconditioned) response

A

A simple reflex behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Unconditioned stimulus

A

Stimulus that produces a response that is not taught

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Behaviorism

A

Theory that behavior is learned rather than genetically programmed and that animals are born essentially blank slates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Role of John B Watson in animal behavior

A

Proposed an approach to psychology based on objective laboratory procedures, formulated the stimulus-response theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stimulus-response theory

A

All complex forms of behavior, including emotions, thoughts and habits are complex muscular and glandular responses that can be observed and measured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stimulus responses

A

Muscular and glandular responses that can be observed and measured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Behaviorists categories of conditioned learning

A
  • classical conditioning
  • operant conditioning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Associating stimuli happening at approximately the same time or roughly the same area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Association of activity with punishment or reward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

BF Skinner’s role in study of animal behavior

A

Experiment on operant conditioning with caged rats, rats learned they would be rewarded when touching specific bars of the cage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Trial-and-error learning

A

Instrumental learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is sociobiology and what does it assert?

A

Study of biological basis of social behavior, asserts that complex social patterns follow natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Stereotypical or predictable behaviors

A

Fixed action patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

An animals natural and inherent ability to performs tasks, genetically coded responses to environmental stimuli

A

Instinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Immediate pleasant occurrence that follows a wanted behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Removal of any immediate unpleasant occurrence to increase desired behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Positive punishment

A

Adding undesirable occurrence to decrease a behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Negative punishment

A

Removing a desirable occurrence to decrease a behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Can result from inappropriate use of punishment

A

Aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Age of socialization period in cats and dogs

A

Dogs: 4-14 wk
Cats: 2-8 wk

29
Q

Pain punishment and adverse attention can cause permanent psychological damage during this phase

A

The fear period

30
Q

Age of fear period

A

8-10 wk and 6-14 months in dogs

31
Q

Role of Lorenz in study of animal behavior

A

Lorenz discovered imprinting, a process in which a young animal follows its parent or other object due to auditory or visual cues

32
Q

Sensitive period

A

2-3rd to 12th week after birth, cats and dogs learn to adapt to humans and other animals they encounter

33
Q

Animal can become fearful if not properly introduced to their own and other species during this phase

A

Socialization period

34
Q

Can help reduce risk of some types of hormone driven aggression.

A

Castration

35
Q

Can help with human imprinting of small animals

A

Hand-feeding

36
Q

May be linked to development of separation anxiety

A
  • Extended periods away from an owner
  • coming from an animal shelter
37
Q

Symptoms of separation anxiety

A

Manifest only when owner is away
- excessive vocalization
- destructive behavior
- inappropriate elimination
- anorexia
- hyperactivity or inactivity
- panting
- hypersalivation
- vomiting
- diarrhea

38
Q

Conflict-related aggression

A

Occurs when a dog is exposed to an uncomfortable or uncertain stimulus. Arises from an inconsistent or unpredictable environment. Common in households with punishment-based training methods.

39
Q

Fear-induced aggression

A

Occurs when animal is in a situation it can’t escape and perceives as threatening. Can be due to loud noises, children or specific individuals. Withdrawing from a pet exhibiting fear aggression reinforces the behavior.

40
Q

Predatory aggression

A

This type of aggression doesn’t come with a warning. Animal usually stalks its prey before pouncing..

41
Q

Pain-induced aggression

A

Protective instinct to bite if pain is inflicted. Problems with aggression can continue after painful stimulus is gone.

42
Q

Inter-male aggression

A

Testosterone-driven instinct that is nearly eliminated by castration. Behavioral medication may be recommended when castration doesn’t eliminate the problem

43
Q

Territorial aggression

A

Dogs tend to be aggressive toward humans who aren’t members of their household while cats tend to be aggressive toward other cats in their perceived territory.

44
Q

Maternal aggression

A

Can occur post-parturition to protect young from danger

45
Q

At this age, males can begin to spray to mark their territory and call attention to themselves. Females may also spray.

A

During sexual maturity at 7 or 8 months

46
Q

Reasons a bird may bite

A

Fear, excitement, aggression

47
Q

Birds can be persistently aggressive and unsuitable as pets for this reason

A

Birds imprint at a very early age so it is very hard to remedy aggression due to poor socialization or abuse by humans

48
Q

Best approach to handling rodents

A

Form a scoop with both hands underneath the animal, making sure it is fully awake

49
Q

These rodents will usually fight to the death after reaching sexual maturity

A

Hamsters

50
Q

These rodents can be affectionate towards one another but it’s almost impossible to reconcile one they’ve reached a tight-ball stage.

A

Gerbils

51
Q

These rodents can usually live together in colonies but have a high breeding rate and are best separated by sex

A

Mice

52
Q

Most critical element of behavior modification

A

Reward (edible or vocal)

53
Q

How long should initial behavior modification classes last.

A

No more than 5 minutes

54
Q

What does clapping or a loud whistle do in terms of modifying behavior

A

Associates the physical sensations of a racing heart and burst of adrenaline with a behavior. Must be immediate and best accompanied with “no”

55
Q

Best method of behavioral intervention for birds

A

Environmental modification

56
Q

Proper response to a bird clamping down too roughly when exploring

A

A simple “Ouch” as shouting may startle it and pulling away may reward the bird by giving it a sense of power over human handler

57
Q

Wobble

A

One of the best ways to correct a bird’s biting habit. Dropping the hand a few inches immediately after biting so the bird associates the biting with the feeling of disorientation

58
Q

Best way to deal with behavioral concerns in rodents

A

It’s best to consult a board-certified exotic veterinary specialist as rodents are delicate animals and mostly bite out of fear not viciousness

59
Q

Command-response-reward

A

Immediately rewarding desired behavior after a command is given. This technique does not use punishment

60
Q

Clicker training

A
  1. Associate sound of clicker with reward
  2. Use clicker to signal that right behavior was performed and reward will be received
61
Q

Extinction training

A

Eliminating problem behavior by completely removing the reinforcement for the behavior.

62
Q

Aversion therapy

A

Creating a relationship between an unpleasant stimulus and an object that an animal may be marking, chewing, or otherwise damaging.

63
Q

Avoidance therapy

A

Negative reinforcement to diminish a problem behavior. Link the behavior with an unpleasant event in order to avoid circumstance. Must not associate unpleasant event with owner.

64
Q

Habituation

A

Surrounding the animal with stimulus causing the problem until the animal becomes acclimated. Used to treat minor behavior problems and not those that cause aggressive or moderate to severe fear.

65
Q

Punishment (behavior modification)

A

To eliminate undesired behavior. Must occur every time the behavior occurs and be of appropriate intensity. Not currently recommended for behavior modification. Should never be used to treat aggression.

66
Q

Counterconditioning

A

Taking a stimulus linked to a negative emotion and reconditioning the animal by linking it to a positive emotional response. Can replace an undesirable behavior with a desirable one. Sometimes used in conjunction with desensitization.

67
Q

Desensitization

A

Diminishing a behavior by gradually exposing the animal to the stimulus that produces the inappropriate response.

68
Q

Pharmaceutical behavioral therapy

A

Should be considered only after other methods have failed and medical causes have been ruled out. Antidepressants, nutraceuticals and prescription diets may reduce stress and assist in behavior modification

Introduction To Veterinary Technology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions