Behavior Flashcards

(53 cards)

1
Q

What do social psychologists study?

A

How people think about, influence, and relate to one another

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2
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

when analyzing others’ behavior underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of a personal trait

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3
Q

Spontaneous inference

A

Automatic interference of a trait after exposure to behavior

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4
Q

Automatic/implicit attitudes

A

gut-level response

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5
Q

When do attitudes predict behavior?

A

When social influences on behavior are minimal

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6
Q

Deliberate/explicit attitudes

A

carefully considered response

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7
Q

Foot in the door technique

A

Starts with a small request that someone is likely to agree to
→ once they have said yes to something small, they are likely to say yes to a larger request

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8
Q

Conformity

A

Acting or thinking differently from the way you would act and think if you were alone

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9
Q

What are some factors influencing obedience?

A

Victim’s distance
Closeness and legitimacy of authority
Group Influence

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10
Q

Obedience

A

Conformity to an authority

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11
Q

Social loafing

A

Tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable

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12
Q

Deindividualization

A

Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension

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13
Q

Group polarization

A

Group discussion often strengthens members initial inclinations

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14
Q

Groupthink

A

Tendency of group members to think alike and sacrifice critical thinking to promote group harmony

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15
Q

How to prevent groupthink

A

→ impartial leader
→ avoid confirmation bias
→ bring in outside members

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16
Q

Prejudice

A

Negative feeling toward an individual based on their membership in a group

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17
Q

Stereotypes

A

Beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits

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18
Q

Discrimination

A

Unequal treatment of people based on their group membership

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19
Q

When are people most likely to help?

A

Number of bystanders
Noticing
Interpreting

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20
Q

Belief in A just world

A

People get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

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21
Q

Superordinate goals

A

Working together for a common goal

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22
Q

Diffusion of Responsibility

A

we feel less responsible when others are around to share the burden

23
Q

Bystander effect

A

The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely someone is to get help

24
Q

Superego

A

the moral compass

25
Ego
reality principle
26
Id
pleasure principle
27
psychoanalytic theory
(iceberg theory) Id - pleasure principle Ego - reality principle Superego - the moral compass
28
Humanistic Psychology
emphasis on the ways people strive for self-determination and self-realization
29
Carl Rodgers' Person-Centered Theory
people are basically good
30
reciprocal determinism
behavior, cognition, and environments interact
31
How do we maintain a positive self image?
Self concept Self esteem Self Efficacy
32
spotlight effect
we think others are paying more attention than they are -> barry manilow study
33
Biopsychosocial perspective
holistic approach; many factors influence the development of mental illness •Each factor provides suggestions for treatment
34
Treatment
a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior
35
Humanistic Therapy
Give clients insight into current behavior – focus on the present
36
Exposure Therapy
behavioral technique that involves exposing people in real or imaginary situations to things they fear or avoid (systematic desensitization)
37
Aversive conditioning
associate an unpleasant state with unwanted behavior
38
Operant conditioning
Use of reinforcement or punishment to develop/increase a desired behavior or eliminate/decrease an undesired behavior
39
Cognitive Therapy
Address interpretations/maladaptive thoughts that underlie problematic behaviors and shift to more constructive ways of thinking
40
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
Integrative therapy that makes people aware of their maladaptive thoughts and addresses their problematic behaviors
41
Guilt
When we feel bad for doing something wrong
42
Learned Helplessness
resignation an animal/person learned when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
43
Internal Loss of Control
perception that fate is in one's own hands
44
External Loss of Control
perception that chance or outside forces control one's fate
45
Criteria for Disorder: The 4 D's
Deviance Distress Dysfunction Danger
46
What is DSM and what does it do?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders A guide to the diagnosis of mental disorders
47
How effective is therapy?
75% of people who enter psychotherapy show benefit from it
48
What is GAD?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
49
Panic Disorder
Unpredictable episodes of intense dread
50
What is PTSD?
haunting memories, nightmares, and flashbacks to a traumatic event
51
What are some treatments for Anxiety disorders?
Relaxtion/Meditation Behavior therapy
52
Persistent Depressive Disorder
mildly depressed mood for 2 or more years
53
Bipolar Disorder
A disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness of depression and the overexcited state of mania