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Psychology 105 > Behavior > Flashcards

Behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

What do social psychologists study?

A

How people think about, influence, and relate to one another

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2
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

when analyzing others’ behavior underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of a personal trait

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3
Q

Spontaneous inference

A

Automatic interference of a trait after exposure to behavior

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4
Q

Automatic/implicit attitudes

A

gut-level response

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5
Q

When do attitudes predict behavior?

A

When social influences on behavior are minimal

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6
Q

Deliberate/explicit attitudes

A

carefully considered response

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7
Q

Foot in the door technique

A

Starts with a small request that someone is likely to agree to
→ once they have said yes to something small, they are likely to say yes to a larger request

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8
Q

Conformity

A

Acting or thinking differently from the way you would act and think if you were alone

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9
Q

What are some factors influencing obedience?

A

Victim’s distance
Closeness and legitimacy of authority
Group Influence

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10
Q

Obedience

A

Conformity to an authority

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11
Q

Social loafing

A

Tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable

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12
Q

Deindividualization

A

Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension

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13
Q

Group polarization

A

Group discussion often strengthens members initial inclinations

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14
Q

Groupthink

A

Tendency of group members to think alike and sacrifice critical thinking to promote group harmony

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15
Q

How to prevent groupthink

A

→ impartial leader
→ avoid confirmation bias
→ bring in outside members

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16
Q

Prejudice

A

Negative feeling toward an individual based on their membership in a group

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17
Q

Stereotypes

A

Beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits

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18
Q

Discrimination

A

Unequal treatment of people based on their group membership

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19
Q

When are people most likely to help?

A

Number of bystanders
Noticing
Interpreting

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20
Q

Belief in A just world

A

People get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

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21
Q

Superordinate goals

A

Working together for a common goal

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22
Q

Diffusion of Responsibility

A

we feel less responsible when others are around to share the burden

23
Q

Bystander effect

A

The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely someone is to get help

24
Q

Superego

A

the moral compass

25
Q

Ego

A

reality principle

26
Q

Id

A

pleasure principle

27
Q

psychoanalytic theory

A

(iceberg theory)
Id - pleasure principle
Ego - reality principle
Superego - the moral compass

28
Q

Humanistic Psychology

A

emphasis on the ways people strive for self-determination and self-realization

29
Q

Carl Rodgers’ Person-Centered Theory

A

people are basically good

30
Q

reciprocal determinism

A

behavior, cognition, and environments interact

31
Q

How do we maintain a positive self image?

A

Self concept
Self esteem
Self Efficacy

32
Q

spotlight effect

A

we think others are paying more attention than they are
-> barry manilow study

33
Q

Biopsychosocial perspective

A

holistic approach; many factors influence the development of mental illness
•Each factor provides suggestions for treatment

34
Q

Treatment

A

a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior

35
Q

Humanistic Therapy

A

Give clients insight into current behavior – focus on the present

36
Q

Exposure Therapy

A

behavioral technique that involves exposing people in real or imaginary situations to things they fear or avoid (systematic desensitization)

37
Q

Aversive conditioning

A

associate an unpleasant state with unwanted behavior

38
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Use of reinforcement or punishment to develop/increase a desired behavior or eliminate/decrease an undesired behavior

39
Q

Cognitive Therapy

A

Address interpretations/maladaptive thoughts that underlie problematic behaviors and shift to more constructive ways of thinking

40
Q

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

A

Integrative therapy that makes people aware of their maladaptive thoughts and addresses their problematic behaviors

41
Q

Guilt

A

When we feel bad for doing something wrong

42
Q

Learned Helplessness

A

resignation an animal/person learned when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

43
Q

Internal Loss of Control

A

perception that fate is in one’s own hands

44
Q

External Loss of Control

A

perception that chance or outside forces control one’s fate

45
Q

Criteria for Disorder: The 4 D’s

A

Deviance
Distress
Dysfunction
Danger

46
Q

What is DSM and what does it do?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
A guide to the diagnosis of mental disorders

47
Q

How effective is therapy?

A

75% of people who enter psychotherapy show benefit from it

48
Q

What is GAD?

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

49
Q

Panic Disorder

A

Unpredictable episodes of intense dread

50
Q

What is PTSD?

A

haunting memories, nightmares, and flashbacks to a traumatic event

51
Q

What are some treatments for Anxiety disorders?

A

Relaxtion/Meditation
Behavior therapy

52
Q

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A

mildly depressed mood for 2 or more years

53
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

A disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness of depression and the overexcited state of mania

Psychology 105 (1 decks)

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