Behavior

Question 1

What do social psychologists study?

Answer 1

How people think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 2

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 2

when analyzing others’ behavior underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of a personal trait

Question 3

Spontaneous inference

Answer 3

Automatic interference of a trait after exposure to behavior

Question 4

Automatic/implicit attitudes

Answer 4

gut-level response

Question 5

When do attitudes predict behavior?

Answer 5

When social influences on behavior are minimal

Question 6

Deliberate/explicit attitudes

Answer 6

carefully considered response

Question 7

Foot in the door technique

Answer 7

Starts with a small request that someone is likely to agree to
→ once they have said yes to something small, they are likely to say yes to a larger request

Question 8

Conformity

Answer 8

Acting or thinking differently from the way you would act and think if you were alone

Question 9

What are some factors influencing obedience?

Answer 9

Victim’s distance
Closeness and legitimacy of authority
Group Influence

Question 10

Obedience

Answer 10

Conformity to an authority

Question 11

Social loafing

Answer 11

Tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable

Question 12

Deindividualization

Answer 12

Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension

Question 13

Group polarization

Answer 13

Group discussion often strengthens members initial inclinations

Question 14

Groupthink

Answer 14

Tendency of group members to think alike and sacrifice critical thinking to promote group harmony

Question 15

How to prevent groupthink

Answer 15

→ impartial leader
→ avoid confirmation bias
→ bring in outside members

Question 16

Prejudice

Answer 16

Negative feeling toward an individual based on their membership in a group

Question 17

Stereotypes

Answer 17

Beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits

Question 18

Discrimination

Answer 18

Unequal treatment of people based on their group membership

Question 19

When are people most likely to help?

Answer 19

Number of bystanders
Noticing
Interpreting

Question 20

Belief in A just world

Answer 20

People get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Question 21

Superordinate goals

Answer 21

Working together for a common goal

Question 22

Diffusion of Responsibility

Answer 22

we feel less responsible when others are around to share the burden

Question 23

Bystander effect

Answer 23

The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely someone is to get help

Question 24

Superego

Answer 24

the moral compass

Question 25

Ego

Answer 25

reality principle

Question 26

Id

Answer 26

pleasure principle

Question 27

psychoanalytic theory

Answer 27

(iceberg theory) Id - pleasure principle Ego - reality principle Superego - the moral compass

Question 28

Humanistic Psychology

Answer 28

emphasis on the ways people strive for self-determination and self-realization

Question 29

Carl Rodgers' Person-Centered Theory

Answer 29

people are basically good

Question 30

reciprocal determinism

Answer 30

behavior, cognition, and environments interact

Question 31

How do we maintain a positive self image?

Answer 31

Self concept Self esteem Self Efficacy

Question 32

spotlight effect

Answer 32

we think others are paying more attention than they are -> barry manilow study

Question 33

Biopsychosocial perspective

Answer 33

holistic approach; many factors influence the development of mental illness •Each factor provides suggestions for treatment

Question 34

Treatment

Answer 34

a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior

Question 35

Humanistic Therapy

Answer 35

Give clients insight into current behavior – focus on the present

Question 36

Exposure Therapy

Answer 36

behavioral technique that involves exposing people in real or imaginary situations to things they fear or avoid (systematic desensitization)

Question 37

Aversive conditioning

Answer 37

associate an unpleasant state with unwanted behavior

Question 38

Operant conditioning

Answer 38

Use of reinforcement or punishment to develop/increase a desired behavior or eliminate/decrease an undesired behavior

Question 39

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 39

Address interpretations/maladaptive thoughts that underlie problematic behaviors and shift to more constructive ways of thinking

Question 40

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Answer 40

Integrative therapy that makes people aware of their maladaptive thoughts and addresses their problematic behaviors

Question 41

Guilt

Answer 41

When we feel bad for doing something wrong

Question 42

Learned Helplessness

Answer 42

resignation an animal/person learned when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

Question 43

Internal Loss of Control

Answer 43

perception that fate is in one's own hands

Question 44

External Loss of Control

Answer 44

perception that chance or outside forces control one's fate

Question 45

Criteria for Disorder: The 4 D's

Answer 45

Deviance Distress Dysfunction Danger

Question 46

What is DSM and what does it do?

Answer 46

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders A guide to the diagnosis of mental disorders

Question 47

How effective is therapy?

Answer 47

75% of people who enter psychotherapy show benefit from it

Question 48

What is GAD?

Answer 48

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 49

Panic Disorder

Answer 49

Unpredictable episodes of intense dread

Question 50

What is PTSD?

Answer 50

haunting memories, nightmares, and flashbacks to a traumatic event

Question 51

What are some treatments for Anxiety disorders?

Answer 51

Relaxtion/Meditation Behavior therapy

Question 52

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Answer 52

mildly depressed mood for 2 or more years

Question 53

Bipolar Disorder

Answer 53

A disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness of depression and the overexcited state of mania