BEH 5025 Flashcards
an instance of behavior
response
independent variable not yet implemented
baseline
reflex; innate; involuntary; species specific
respondent behavior
anything a person does that can be observed and measured
behavior
evaluate functional relationships
analytic
behavior occurs at a point in time
temporal locus
behavior occupies time
temporal extent
founder of the science of behavior
BF Skinner
consequence immediately follows a response, strengthens R-S relation
reinforcement
physical outcome of behavior
permanent product
reinforcer delivered for first response after a varying amount of time
variable interval
response look the same but have a difference effect
topographical response class
fading the schedule of reinforcement
thinning
breaking a complex skill into smaller teachable units
task analysis
record the presence of absence of a response at an exact moment in time
momentary time sample
window of opportunity for reinforcement after FI or VI
limited hold
value of reinforcer decreases due to repeated presentation
satiation
a group of similar behavior (topographical or functional)
response class
stimulus elicits response without prior learning
unconditioned stimulus
repeated measures yield same values
reliability
respondent behavior; unlearned S-R relation
reflex
pair NS with US
respondent conditioning
alters the effectiveness of a stimulus and changes the frequency of behavior
motivating operations
schedule of reinforcement is too lean to maintain behavior
ratio strain
temporarily increases the value of a stimulus
Establishing Operation (EO)
record if response occurs during a period of time
interval recording
responses look different but have the same effect
functional response class
philosophical assumptions of behavior analysis
Determinism, Empiricism, Experimentation, Replication, Parsimony, Philosophic Doubt
Rule out simple, logical explanations first
Parsimony
Response occurs in the presence of similar stimuli
Generalization
consequence immediately follows response and changes R-S relation
operant conditioning
time between 2 consecutive response
IRT
scientific examination of the principles of behavior
experimental analysis of behavior (EAB)
copy modeled response
imitation
frequency
count
teach first step of a task analysis first
forward chaining
MO-A-B-C
4 term contingency
reinforcer is delivered after a specific number of responses
fixed ratio
NS paired with US; elicits response
conditioned stimulus
2 observers independently observe, record and agree on the occurrence of a response
IOA
Events are objectively observed, described and measured
empiricism
the study of human behavior including thoughts and feelings
radical behaviorism
identify and rank stimuli as effective reinforcers
preference assessment
antecedent stimulus alters dimensions of behavior
stimulus control
environmental event that can affect behavior
stimulus change
temporarily decreases the value of a stimulus
abolishing operation
high-probability behavior is contingent upon low-probability behavior
Premack principle
reinforcer delivered for a class of responses but not for others
differential reinforcement
procedures are precisely defined
technological
response prevents/postpones presence of aversive stimulus
avoidance
reinforcer delivered for the first correct response after a passage of time
fixed interval
effect, measured
dependent variable
cause, manipulated
independent variable
one event dependent upon another
functional relationship
studied respondent conditioning
Pavlov
measure total time response occurs
duration
response occurs in the presence of CS
Conditioned Reflex
response terminates aversive stimulus
escape
lawful
determinism
teach last step of a task analysis first
backwards chaining
a group of stimuli that share common elements
stimuli class
stimulus (change) that follows behavior
consequence
withholding stimulus temporarily increases reinforcer effectiveness
deprivation
vertical or Y-axis
ordinate
ratio = response/time
rate
stimulus presented, increases future probability of behavior
reinforcer
teach steps of a complex behavior
chaining
response occurs, reinforcer does not follow, R-S relation weakens
extinction
series of approximations toward a terminal behavior
shaping
if-then relationship
contingency
demonstrate desired behavior
modeling
stimulus change that precedes behavior
antecedent
stimulus removed after a response, rate of a behavior decreases
negative punishment
horizontal or x-axis
abscissa
stimulus removed after a response, rate of behavior increases
negative reinforcement
science used to improve socially significant behavior
ABA
question everything
philosophical doubt
application of a procedure to change target behavior
intervention
time from onset of stimulus to initiating response
latency
learned through consequences
operant behavior
all stimuli that can affect behavior
environment
stimulus added after a response, rate of behavior increases
positive reinforcement
physical shape or form of behavior
topography
stimulus signals reinforcer is available
discriminitive stimulus
stimulus added after a response, rate of behavior decreases
positive punishment
stimuli needed to survive
primary reinforcer
scientific approach to the study of behavior
behaviorism
S-R-S; A-B-C
3 term contingency
consequence immediately follows a response, weakens R-S relation
punishment
reinforcer delivered for a varying # of responses
variable ratio
