Beginning Vocabulary 1

Question 1

Variable

Answer 1

A name associated with a value.

Question 2

Local

Answer 2

The term local means that the variable is only going to be used in this part of the script.

Question 3

Equal Sign

Answer 3

Used to set values of variables

Question 4

script.Parent

Answer 4

script.Parent is used to find the part the script is located in.

Question 5

Naming Variables

Answer 5

Lowercase with every first word being capitalized. (justLikeThis)

Question 6

Function

Answer 6

A function is a named block of code that help you organize your code and use it in multiple places without writing it again.

Question 7

How are properties accessed?

Answer 7

Using a dot notation

Question 8

Calling a function

Answer 8

You can call a function by writing its name with parentheses next to it.

Question 9

While loop

Answer 9

A while loop runs the code inside it for as long as the statement after while remains true.

Question 10

What if a while loop needs to run forever?

Answer 10

The statement after while should just be true. (Also known a an while true loop)

Question 11

Wait function

Answer 11

Makes the program wait a number of seconds before going to the next line of code Example wait(4)

Question 12

Why do you never make a while true loop without including a wait function?

Answer 12

If you do this, your game will freeze because Studio would never have a chance to leave the loop and do anything else. (Also don’t test your game either)

Question 13

Events

Answer 13

Events send out signals when specific things happen in the game. To fire an event is to send out a signal. You can connect to events to run functions when they fire.

Question 14

Touched Event

Answer 14

A Touched event fires when something touches.

Question 15

Function Parameters

Answer 15

Also known as placeholders passed through a function. Parameters are definitions of what a function expects to receive when it’s called. Parameter variables are used to import arguments into functions. Parameters are the names listed in the functions definition.

Question 16

Argument

Answer 16

Unlike parameters, (placeholders) function arguments are the real values passed through the function.

Question 17

Dot notation

Answer 17

Used to separate names of objects, properties, and keywords like “new” Example: game.Workspace.PartName.BrickColor = BrickColor.new (0.9, 0.8, 0.1)

Question 18

Properties

Answer 18

Any characteristic of an object Examples: color, visibility, speed, health points

Question 19

While true do

Answer 19

Loops the code between while true do and end over and over

Question 20

Parents and children

Answer 20

The relationship between two objects. For example, If you put a script into a part the part becomes the parent of the script.

Question 21

script.Parent

Answer 21

Directs a script to its parent. Usually a part.

Question 22

String Variables

Answer 22

Holds groups of letters and/or numbers. Uses quotation marks.

Question 23

Numerical Variables

Answer 23

Used to count things. Does not have quotation marks.

Question 24

Print function

Answer 24

Displays text on the screen.

Question 25

Character Model

Answer 25

the Character model contains all of the objects that make up the player’s avatar in the game, including: The individual body parts of the player, any clothing and accessories worn by the player, The Humanoid, a special object which contains many properties related to the player, including the players health.

Question 26

FindFirstChild

Answer 26

The purpose of the FindFirstChild function is to find the first child of an object that matches a given parameter.

Question 27

If statement

Answer 27

The code in an if statement run if the condition defined in the first line is true. Example:
if humanoid then

Question 28

Boolean Logic

Answer 28

In Lua, any other value other than false or nil is evaluated as true in a conditional statement.

Question 29

Nil

Answer 29

An empty value.

Question 30

Conditional Statement

Answer 30

A Conditional statement is one that acts to run other code if its result is true or not.

Question 31

humanoid.Health

Answer 31

The health property of the humanoid.

Question 32

For Loop

Answer 32

A for loop is a repetition control structure that allows you to efficiently write a loop that needs to execute a specific number of times.

Question 33

Iteration

Answer 33

Each loop of the code in a for loop.

Question 34

3 Things a for loop is defined as

Answer 34

Control Variable: The variable created and used to count the loops.
End Value: The value it has to get to for the loop to stop.
Step increment: Determines what to add to the control variable each loop. If left out, defaults to 1.

Question 35

Debouncing

Answer 35

A debounce system is a set of code which keeps a function from running too many times.

Question 36

Negate Operator

Answer 36

The Lua not operator reverses the value of whatever follows it.

Question 37

ServerScriptService

Answer 37

Scripts placed in ServerScriptService will automatically run when the game starts. ServerScriptService is a container service for scripts and module scripts, and other scripting related assets that are only meant for server use. The contents are never replicated to player clients at all, which allows for a secure storage of important game logic.

Question 38

Service

Answer 38

A service is an object which contains built in properties, functions, events, and callbacks.

Question 39

Callbacks

Answer 39

Callbacks are write-only members of objects that are set to functions. You cannot invoke a callback directly — Roblox will internally trigger the callback function, and pass to it relevant information your callback handler/function will need.

Question 40

Players Service

Answer 40

The players game service contains only player objects. for presently connected clients to a game server. It also contains information about a place’s configuration (such as bubble chat or classic chat). It can fetch information about players not connected to the server, such as character appearances, friends and avatar thumbnail.

Question 41

PlayerAdded Event

Answer 41

The PlayerAdded event fires when a players joins a game. This is used to fire an event when a player joins a game, such as loading the players saved GlobalDataStore data

Question 42

PlayerRemoving event

Answer 42

The PlayerRemoving event fires right before a Player leaves the game. This event fires before ChildRemoved does on Players.

Question 43

GetService Function

Answer 43

Returns a service with the class name requested.

Question 44

Variables for Services

Answer 44

When declaring a variable to contain a service, it’s best to name it with the exact name of the service, even though this means breaking the usual naming conventions for variables.

Question 45

Folder

Answer 45

A simple container used to hold and organize Roblox objects. Unlike other container classes like Model, it offers no additional functionality.

Question 46

Instance

Answer 46

Instance is the base class for all classes in the Roblox class hierarchy. Every other class that the Roblox engine defines inherits all of the members of Instance. It is not possible to directly create Instance objects.

Question 47

IntValue

Answer 47

An IntValue is an object that stores a single signed 64-bit integer. Integers do not include decimal points. The highest value that can be stored is 2^63-1, or around 9.2 quintillion.

Question 48

Instance.new Function

Answer 48

Instance has a special function called Instance.new which is used to create objects via code. This function takes the name of the class as a parameter and returns the created object. Abstract classes and services cannot be created with the Instance.new function.

Question 49

Get Players Function

Answer 49

This method returns a table of all presently connected Player. It functions the same way Instance:GetChildren would except that it only returns Player objects. It functions similarly to Instance:GetChildren when called on Players. 0 When used in conjunction with a for-loop, it is useful for iterating over all players in a game.

Question 50

Array

Answer 50

An array is a list of items stored in order. Each item can be accessed by its index position, starting from 1. You can get the length of an array by prefixing it with #.

Question 51

Iterate

Answer 51

Iteration in programming means repeating steps, or instructions , over and over again.

Question 52

Accessing Array Values

Answer 52

Objects stored in array are accessed using square brackets.

Question 53

CharacterAdded

Answer 53

The CharacterAdded event fires when a player’s character spawns (or respawns).

Question 54

Anonymous Functions

Answer 54

Functions can be created anonymously, that is without assigning them a name. This is useful when you need to call a function from the result of another function or event, for instance a delay() call or a PlayerAdded event connection.

Question 55

Humanoid

Answer 55

The Humanoid is a special object that gives models the functionality of a character. It grants the model with the ability to physically walk around and interact with various components of a Roblox level.

Question 56

Died Event

Answer 56

This event fires when the Humanoid dies, usually when Humanoid.Health reaches 0. This could be caused either by disconnecting their head from their Humanoid. Torso, or directly setting the health property. This event only fires if the Humanoid is a descendant of the Workspace. If the Dead HumanoidStateType is disabled it will not fire.

Question 57

WaitForChild

Answer 57

Returns the child of the Instance with the given name. If the child does not exist, it will yield the current thread until it does.

Question 58

When should you use WaitForChild?

Answer 58

WaitForChild is extremely important when working on code ran by the client (in a LocalScript). Roblox does not guarantee the time or order in which objects are replicated from the server to the client. This can cause scripts to break when indexing objects that do not exist yet.

Question 59

Attributes

Answer 59

Attributes allow you to customize objects in Roblox with your own data. An attribute consists of a name and a value.

Question 60

SetAttribute Function

Answer 60

This function sets the attribute with the given name to the given value. If the value given is nil, then the attribute will be removed (since nil is returned by default).

Question 61

GetAttribute

Answer 61

This function returns the attribute which has been assigned to the given name. If no attribute has been assigned then nil is returned.

Question 62

Constants

Answer 62

Constants are a type of variable which do not change.

Question 63

FindFirstChildWhichIsA Function

Answer 63

Returns the first child of the Instance for whom Instance:IsA returns true for the given className.

If no matching child is found, this function returns nil. If the optional recursive argument is true, this function searches all descendants rather than only the immediate children of the Instance.

Question 64

IsA Function

Answer 64

IsA returns true if the Instance’s class is equivalent to or a subclass of a given class. This function is similar to the instanceof operators in other languages, and is a form of type introspection.

Question 65

FindFirstChildOfClass

Answer 65

Returns the first child of the Instance whose ClassName is equal to the given className.
If no matching child is found, this function returns nil. Unlike Instance:FindFirstChildWhichIsA this function uses only returns objects whose class matches the given className, ignoring class inheritance.

Question 66

When should you use Instance:FindFirstChild?

Answer 66

Developers looking for a child by name, should use Instance:FindFirstChild.

Question 67

GetChildren Function

Answer 67

Returns an array (a numerically indexed table) containing all of the Instance’s direct children, or every Instance whose Parent is equal to the object. The array can be iterated upon using either a numeric or generic for-loop:

Question 68

GetDescendants Function

Answer 68

The GetDescendants function of an object returns an array that contains all of the descendants of that object. Unlike Instance:GetChildren, which only returns the immediate children of an object, GetDescendants will find every child of the object, every child of those children, and so on and so forth.

Question 69

Model

Answer 69

Models are container objects, meaning they hold objects and group objects together. They are best used to hold collections of BasePart s and have a number of functions that extend their functionality.

Question 70

BasePart

Answer 70

BasePart is an abstract base class for in-world objects that render and are physically simulated while in the Workspace.

Question 71

Decal

Answer 71

The Decal object is an object which applies an image to a face of a BasePart.

Question 72

pairs and iPairs

Answer 72

pairs() and ipairs() are functions that can be used with a for loop to go through each element of an array or dictionary without needing to set starting or ending points. pairs() is used with dictionaries, and ipairs() is used with arrays. The “i” in ipairs() stands for “index.”

Question 73

How is a for loop using ipairs defined?

Answer 73

• Index*: this is equivalent to the control variable in a regular for loop.
• Value*: this will be populated with each element in the array as the loop iterates. It’s a good idea to name the value variable after what it will actually contain.
• Array*: the array you want to iterate over is passed to the ipairs function.

Question 74

Tool

Answer 74

Tools are objects that a Humanoid object can equip. For players, they are stored in a Backpack object parented to a Player object.

Question 75

MeshPart

Answer 75

MeshParts are a form of BasePart that includes a physically simulated custom mesh. Unlike with other mesh classes, such as SpecialMesh and BlockMesh, they are not parented to a BasePart but rather behave as a BasePart in their own right.

Question 76

SpecialMesh

Answer 76

The SpecialMesh is an object that allows developers to provide a standard template or user uploaded mesh to a BasePart.

Question 77

BlockMesh

Answer 77

The BlockMesh object applies a ‘brick’ mesh to the BasePart it is parented to. It behaves identically to a SpecialMesh with SpecialMesh.MeshType set to ‘brick’.

Question 78

What do all tools that players carry have to contain?

Answer 78

Tools that players carry must contain a single part named Handle

Question 79

Collectible Tool

Answer 79

A tool can be placed in the workspace if players will be able to collect it as they explore.

Question 80

Starter Tools

Answer 80

If you want all players to start out with a tool in their inventory, put it inside the StarterPack folder. When any player spawns, the tool will get copied to their backpack.

Question 81

Earned/Purchased Tool

Answer 81

Some tools should be awarded when a player does something special, or offered for sale in an in-game store. These should be put inside ServerStorage and then cloned to the player’s backpack at the proper time.

Question 82

StarterPack

Answer 82

A service-level container whose contents are copied into each Player’s Backpack when the player spawns. It is generally used to hold Tools, but is sometimes used to hold LocalScripts to ensure that each player gets a copy.

Question 83

Backpack

Answer 83

A container object that holds a Player’s inventory. Any Tool in a player’s Backpack will be displayed in their inventory at the bottom of their screen. Selecting Tools from the inventory will equip the Tool, moving it from the Backpack to the player’s character.

Question 84

Equipped event

Answer 84

Fired when a tool is equipped by the player, for example when a tool is selected in the hotbar.

Question 85

Unequipped event

Answer 85

Fired when a tool is unequipped by the player, for example when a tool is deselected in the hotbar.

Question 86

Activated

Answer 86

Fired when a tool is activated by the player, for example when a player left-clicks.

Question 87

Local Script

Answer 87

A LocalScript is a Lua source container that runs Lua code on a client connected to a Roblox server. They are used to access client-only objects, such as the player’s Camera.

Question 88

A LocalScript will only run Lua code if it is a descendant of one of the following objects:

Answer 88

A Player’s Backpack, such as a child of a Tool
A Player’s character model
A Player’s PlayerGui
A Player’s Player Scripts.
The ReplicatedFirst service

Question 89

PlayerGui

Answer 89

The PlayerGui object is a container that holds a Player’s user GUI.

Question 90

ScreenGui

Answer 90

The main storage object for 2D GuiObject displayed on the player’s screen. ScreenGui will only be shown if parented to a player’s PlayerGui.

Question 91

Raycasting

Answer 91

Raycasting creates an invisible ray from a start position towards a given direction with a defined length. If the ray collides with objects or terrain in its path, it will return information on the collision such as the position and the object it collided with. AND/OR: At its most basic level, raycasting is the act of sending out an invisible ray from a Vector3 point in a specific direction with a defined length. Once cast, you can detect if the ray hits a BasePart or Terrain cell.

Question 92

Vector3

Answer 92

Vector3 describes a vector in 3D space, typically usually used as a point in 3D space or the dimensions of a rectangular prism.

Question 93

UserInputService

Answer 93

The UserInputService is a service used to detect and capture the different types of input available on a user’s device.

Question 94

Ray

Answer 94

A Ray is a half-line, finite in one direction but infinite in the other. It can be defined by a 3D point, where the line originates from, and a direction vector, which is the direction it goes in.

Question 95

ViewportPointToRay

Answer 95

This function creates a unit Ray from a 2D position on the viewport (defined in pixels). This position does not account for the GUI inset. The Ray originates from the Vector3 equivalent of the 2D position in the world at the given depth (in studs) away from the Camera.

Question 96

ScreenPointToRay

Answer 96

This function creates a unit Ray from a 2D position on the screen (defined in pixels). This position accounts for the GUI inset. The Ray originates from the Vector3 equivalent of the 2D position in the world at the given depth (in studs) away from the Camera.

Question 97

Raycast Function

Answer 97

Casts a ray using an origin, direction, and optional RaycastParams. If it finds an eligible BasePart or Terrain cell, a RaycastResult is returned containing the results of the operation. If no RaycastParams object is provided, the defaults are used (all parts are considered and Terrain water is not ignored).

Question 98

RaycastResult

Answer 98

RaycastResult stores the result of a successful raycasting operation performed by WorldRoot:Raycast(). It contains the properties listed below.

Question 99

RaycastParams

Answer 99

RaycastParams stores parameters for WorldRoot:Raycast() operations. The FilterDescendantsInstances property stores an array of objects to use as either a whitelist or blacklist based on the FilterType enum. If desired, the IgnoreWater property can be used to ignore Terrain water and the CollisionGroup property can specify a collision group for the raycasting operation.

Question 100

Terrain

Answer 100

Terrain lets you create dynamically morphable environments with little to no lag. It is currently based on a 4×4×4 grid of cells, where each cell has a number between 0 and 1 representing how much the geometry should occupy the cell, and the material of the cell. The occupancy determines how the cell will morph together with surrounding cells, and the result is the illusion of having no grid constraint.

Question 101

How to connect functions to events

Answer 101

event using a dot notation. then call the connect function using a colon, then pass the function you want to run in parentheses. Example: part.Touched:Connect(destroy)