Beginning Physical 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Vital signs:

A
  • Temperature
  • Blood Pressure
  • Respiration
  • O2 saturation
  • Pulse
  • Pain
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2
Q

Different ways to take temperature

A
  • Oral–37 Celsius or 98.6 F
  • Tympani–37.8 C or 100.0 F
  • Rectal–37.4-37.5 C or 99.3-99.4 F
  • Axillary–36.4 C or 97.6 F
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3
Q

Fever or Pyrexia:

A

-elevated body temperature

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4
Q

Hyperpyrexia

A
  • extreme elevation

- —above 41.1 C or 106 F

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5
Q

Febrile:

A

Greater than 100.4 F or 38 C

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6
Q

Afebrile

A

-without fever

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7
Q

Hypothermia

A
  • abnormally low temperature

- below 35 C or 95 C

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8
Q

Pulse scale:

A
  • 4+ bounding, aneurysmal
  • 3+ Full, increased
  • 2+ expected
  • 1+ Diminished, barely pappable
  • 0 Absent, not palpable
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9
Q

Eupnea

A

-normal breathing–12-20 breaths per minute

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10
Q

Tachypnea:

A

greater than 20

  • –fever, exertion, acidosis, anxiety, fear, CO poisoning
  • -same as hyperpnea
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11
Q

Bradypnea:

A

less than 12

–athletic training, hyperthermia, depressant, medications/drugs

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12
Q

Hyperventilation

A

-more than 20 per minute with deep inspirations

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13
Q

Hypertension:

A

-three readings that are high in three different days

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14
Q

Pre-hypertension

A

-120-139/ 80-90

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15
Q

Stage 1 hypertension:

A

-140-59/ 90-99

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16
Q

Stage 2 hypertension

A

->160/ >100

17
Q

Inches to centimeters conversion

A

-2.54 cm= 1 inch

18
Q

Pounds to kilogram conversion

A

-2.2 lbs= 1 kg

19
Q

Head circumference

A
  • measure from birth to 24 months

- centimeters

20
Q

standard precautions

A
  • set of procedures designed by CDC to prevent spread of known and unknown sources of infection
  • applies to all patients regardless of diagnosis
21
Q

Head to toe approach

A
  • General assessments
  • VS
  • Integumentary
  • HEENT
  • Neck & lymphatics
  • Respiratory
  • Cardiovascular
  • Abdominal
  • Musculoskeletal
  • Neurological
  • Breast
  • Female genitalia
  • Male genitalia and rectum
22
Q

6 positions to know

A
  • supine
  • prone
  • dorsal recumbant
  • lateral recumbant
  • lithotomy
  • sims
23
Q

Supine

A

-lies on back, drape chest to knees or toes

24
Q

Prone

A

-stomach, cover torso

25
Q

Dorsal recumbant

A

-genital or rectal areas, supine, knees bent, and feet on table

26
Q

Lateral recumbant

A

-heart sounds, side lying, legs extended or flexed

27
Q

Lithotomy

A

pelvic, like dorsal recumbant, but legs in stirrup

28
Q

Sims

A

-for rectum or temps. lateral recumbant, top leg flexed at hip and knee, bottom leg flexed slightly

29
Q

4 examination techniques

A
  • inspection
  • palpation
  • percussion
  • auscultation
30
Q

Inspection

A
  • observation
  • game
  • detail in notes
31
Q

Palpation

A
  • palmer surface of fingers and finger pads
  • ulnar surface of hand
  • dorsal surface of hand
  • light (1 cm) to deep ( 4 cm)