Beginner Flashcards
BIOS Boot Sequence (7 steps)
- When you turn on your computer, the BIOS performs a self-test to check if the hardware is working properly.
- BIOS initializes hardware devices like CPU, memory, and peripherals.
- BIOS selects a boot device, usually the internal hard drive, to load the operating system from.
- It reads the boot loader, a small program that starts the operating system.
- The boot loader displays the boot menu if there are multiple operating systems installed.
- The operating system is loaded into memory and takes over control from the BIOS.
- The operating system initializes drivers, services, and sets up the user interface for you to start using your computer.
Enable/disable devices in BIOS (4 steps)
- Enter the BIOS setup by pressing a specific key during startup (commonly Del, F2, or F10).
- Navigate to the “Device Configuration” or similar section.
- Use the arrow keys to select a device and press Enter to enable or disable it.
- Save and exit the BIOS setup to apply the changes.
Changing Date / Time (4 steps)
- Enter the BIOS setup by pressing a specific key during startup (commonly Del, F2, or F10).
- Locate the “Date and Time” or similar section.
- Use the arrow keys to modify the date and time values.
- Save and exit the BIOS setup to apply the changes.
What are CMOS batteries
CMOS batteries are small, round batteries found on the computer’s motherboard that provide power to the CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) chip, which stores important system configuration settings such as date, time, and hardware information even when the computer is turned off.
What are CMOS batteries?
CPU clock speed refers to the frequency at which the processor executes instructions and is measured in gigahertz (GHz), where higher clock speeds generally indicate faster performance.
What are gigahertz (GHz)?
GHz (gigahertz) is a unit of measurement used to describe the speed of a computer processor, indicating how many billions of cycles the processor can execute in one second, with higher GHz values generally indicating faster processing capabilities.
explain BIOS firmware upgrades
BIOS firmware upgrades involve updating the software that controls your computer’s basic functions, providing bug fixes, performance improvements, and compatibility enhancements for hardware components.
what is enabling virtualization support
Enabling Virtualization Support is a setting in the BIOS that allows your computer’s processor to efficiently run virtual machines and virtualization software.
what is secure boot?
Secure Boot is a feature in the BIOS or UEFI firmware that helps ensure that only trusted and digitally signed operating system software is loaded during the boot process, enhancing the security and integrity of the system.
What are Magnetic HDDs?
Magnetic HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) are storage devices that use magnetic platters and a read/write head to store and retrieve data on a rotating disk, providing high capacity storage for computers.
What are SSDs?
SSDs (Solid State Drives) are storage devices that use flash memory chips to store and retrieve data, providing faster data access, improved performance, and durability compared to traditional hard disk drives.
What are eMMCs?
eMMC (embedded MultiMediaCard) is a type of storage technology commonly used in mobile devices and small computing devices, providing integrated flash memory for data storage in a compact form factor.
What is partitioning?
Partitioning is the process of dividing a storage device into separate sections or partitions, allowing for the organization and allocation of data on the drive.
What is NFTS partitioning?
NTFS partitioning is a file system format commonly used in Windows operating systems, providing improved security, file compression, and support for larger file sizes and partitions compared to FAT32.
What is FAT32 partitioning?
FAT32 partitioning is a file system format used to organize and store data on a storage device, allowing compatibility with various operating systems and devices.
What is MBR?
MBR (Master Boot Record) is a legacy partitioning scheme that provides a map of how a computer’s hard drive is divided into partitions and contains code to start the operating system.
What is GUID Partition Table?
GUID Partition Table (GPT) is a modern partitioning scheme used on computer hard drives that allows for larger storage capacities, more flexible partitioning options, and better data integrity features compared to the older Master Boot Record (MBR) system.
What are EFI/UEFI?
EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) or UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) is the modern replacement for the traditional BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) firmware found on computers, providing an interface between the hardware and the operating system during the boot process.
What is RAM?
RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of computer memory that stores data temporarily for quick access by the CPU, enabling fast execution of programs and multitasking.
What are memory speeds?
Memory speeds refer to the rate at which data can be transferred to and from the RAM module, determining how quickly the computer can access and process information stored in memory.
What is memory addressing?
Memory addressing is a process by which the computer’s CPU refers to and accesses specific locations in the computer’s memory to read or write data.
What are DDR1, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4?
DDR1, DDR2, DDR3, and DDR4 are different generations of computer memory modules (RAM) that have evolved over time, with each generation offering increased data transfer rates, improved performance, and compatibility with newer computer systems.
What are CPUs?
CPUs (Central Processing Units) are the “brain” of a computer responsible for overall system performance and functionality by
* executing instructions
* performing calculations
* managing data
What are Intel i3, i5, i7, i9 CPUs?
different product lines of Intel CPUs, where each line offers varying levels of performance and features
