Before Midterm #1 Flashcards
What is Health
Different for individuals/cultures
ever-changing
a state of being
multiple types
How was health viewed in the scientific era
Defined as the freedom of disease
What is health now
Health is multidimensional
viewed as the quality of life and wellness
What are the multidimensional types of health
Spiritual
Intellectual
Occupational
Physical
Emotional
Social
Environmental
Spiritual Health
Comfort
purpose in life
how you express self
belief systems
self-belief
Social Health
Connections
supportive environment
good friends
Emotional Health
Feelings
can be happy or sad
Environmental Health
The world
the things around you
positive/safe environment
clean=better
community health
physical environment
Occupational Health
Being happy/feeling good at work
healthy connections
getting good pay to survive in society
What is Well-being
a state of optimal well-being
considers how someone feels about their health
Disease
An objective state of health
uses science to determine
Illness
subjective
socially constructed
Influenced by time/place/feelings
Signs
Objective/observable
basis for diagnosis
Symptoms
Subjective
cannot directly observe
must ask questions to find out
Acute
Short term illness
eg. broken arm, cold
Chronic
Long term illness
eg. Parkinson’s
Impairment
Loss or abnormality of physical, psychological, or anatomical functions
eg. limb amputation, paralysis
Disability
Restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner considered normal
Disability Models
Individual model
social model
Individual Model (Disabilities)
Personal tragedy
personal problem
individual treatment
care
control
medicalization
expertise
professional dominance
adjustment
attitudes
individual adaptation
Social Model (Disabilities)
Can change society’s health
Social oppression theory
social theory
social action
individual & collective responsibility
self-help
experience
affirmation
behaviour
rights
choice
social change
Medical model (disabilities)
Personal tragedy
individuals problem
“medicine possesses the cure”
Med prof are “experts” in their lives
diagnosed need to adjust
need care
prof makes decisions in their “best interests”
is a policy issue
Social Model (in regards to medical model)
Experience oppression
is a social problem
self-advocacy + support groups
are their own experts
have rights
should be included
political issue
Sociology
study of human relationships
Sociology looks at medicine as
historical factors
cultural factors
structural factors
critical factors
How was health viewed in the pre+midevil times
Illness- connected to spirits
body+soul- were beyond human
intervention- reliant on deities (go) for health
1800’s
rapid change on how the body & disease were viewed
Old treatment (1800)
spiritual entity with spiritual cures
New treatment (1800)
body is a machine and needs to be fixed by doctors (mechanics)
Biomedical model
Biomedical model
objectification (body is parts)
medical scientism (science is superior)
victim blaming (pt behavior)
reductionism (microbes)
biological determinants (assumption biology causes issues)
1960’s
agriculture + better living conditions = better health
brings in the social model of health
Social model of health
change in how ill health is caused
risk factors- individual causes
SDOH
3 dimensions of the social model
Social production + distribution of health + illness
Social Constrction
Social organization
Criticisms
To fast of social change
over-emphasis of med model harm
difficult + complex problems for a short term
under estimation of individual responsibility + psychological factors
Structure
Systems- ecological/political
Agency
Human agency- social interaction
Rights of the Sick Role
Exempt from normal responsibilities
have social roles + responsibilities
Responsibilities of the sick role
Get well
seek competent medical help
comply with treatments
