Beethoven

Question 1

Enlightenment Characteristics

Answer 1

Focus on the value of human happiness
Pursuit of knowledge obtained through science, reason, and empirical testing
Liberty and progress
Anti-authority, no longer looking to church and state for answers

Question 2

Enlightenment Start and End Points

Answer 2

Start
Descartes Discourse on Method 1637

End
The French Revolution 1789
OR
Kant Critique of Pure Reason 1781

Question 3

Beethoven First Period

Answer 3

Up to 1802
Classical Period

Question 4

Beethoven First Period Music

Answer 4

Symphony No. 1 Op. 21 (1800)
Symphony No. 2 Op. 36 (1802)
String Quartets No. 1 - 6 Op. 18 (1798 - 1800)
Piano Concerto No. 1 Op. 15 (1795 - 1800)
Piano Concerto No. 2 Op. 19 (1787 - 1789)

Question 5

Beethoven Second Period

Answer 5

1802 - 1812
Heroic Period
Discovers he is becoming deaf.
Series of failed love affairs

Question 6

Beethoven Second Period Music

Answer 6

Symphony No. 3 (The Eroica) Op. 55 (1803 - 1804)
Symphony No. 5 Op. 67 (1804 - 1808)
Symphony No. 6 (Pastoral) Op. 68 (1808) (Programmatic)
String (Razumovsky) Quartets No. 7 - 9 Op. 59 (1806)
Violin Concerto Op. 61 (1806)
Fidelio Op. 72 (Only Opera)

Question 7

Beethoven Third Period

Answer 7

1813 - 1827
Personal / Idiosyncratic
Completely deaf
Most innovative period (form and scale)

Question 8

Beethoven Third Period Music

Answer 8

Late String Quartets (1825 - 1826)
Missa solemnis (Solemn Mass) Op. 123 (1819 - 1823)
Symphony No. 9 Op. 125 (choral symphony) (1822 - 1824)

Question 9

Beethoven 3rd Symphony

Answer 9

The Eroica Op. 55
Composed 1803
Napoleon dedication and heroic themes
Broke boundaries in symphonic form, length, harmony, emotional and cultural content.
Widely considered a landmark in the transition between the Classical and the Romantic era and often considered the first Romantic symphony