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Beef Cattle Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Which state has the highest beef production

A

Texas

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2
Q

What is the Black Angus known for?

A

Black coat, good mothering, excellent carcass

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3
Q

What is the Red Angus known for?

A

Always red coat, polled, Homozygous recessive for red coat gene

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4
Q

What does homozygous mean?

A

When the genetic has two copies of the same trait like AA or aa

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5
Q

What does polled mean?

A

When a cow is unable to grow horns

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6
Q

What is Hereford known for?

A

Horned or polled, red body white face, highly fertile, good for wide range conditions

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7
Q

What is Shorthorn known for?

A

Red or white or both in color, polled or horned, dual-purpose

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8
Q

What is the Brahman known for?

A

Heat tolerance, Bos indicus, saggy skin, back hump, droopy ears, from India

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9
Q

What is Brangus known for?

A

5/8 Angus x 3/8 Brahman, created to make a heat-tolerant black Angus

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10
Q

What is Limousin known for?

A

Golden color, from France, lots of muscles, Bos Taurus

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11
Q

What is Charolais known for?

A

White color, horned or polled, from France, heavy muscles, Bos TaurusT

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12
Q

What is the Black Baldy known for?

A

Hereford x Angus, good marbling (fat in muscles)

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13
Q

What is Simmental known for?

A

White face with red or white coat, horned or polled, rapid growth rate

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14
Q

What is Longhorn known for?

A

Multi-colored, long horns, hardy (strong) under harsh conditions

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15
Q

What is Chianina known for?

A

White color black eyes, tall and large, and may weigh up to 3000+ Ib

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16
Q

What is Gelbvieh known for?

A

Red golden color, known for muscle and growth

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17
Q

What is Bos Indicus?

A

Called Zebu, well adapted to hotter climates with heat resistance

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18
Q

What is Bos Taurus

A

Adapted to cool cl8imates, found in Europe, parts of Asia, and Africa

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19
Q

What breeds are the best terminal sires?

A

Charolais, Simmental, and Limousine

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20
Q

What is Cow-Calf operation?

A

breeding, gestation, calving, weaning

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21
Q

How long are calves in Cow-Calf operations?

A

6 -8 months

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22
Q

What is a yearling stocker operation?

A

Cattle enter at 225kg and leave at 400 kg

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23
Q

What is the feedlot operations?

A

cattle “finish” here and leave as 650 kg

24
Q

What age do cows finish in the feedlot operation?

A

14-22 months

25
Q

What is a mature male bovine called?

26
Q

What is a mature female bovine called?

A

Cow, heifer

27
Q

What is a young bovine called?

A

Calf (bullock)(heifer)

28
Q

What is a young female with her first calf called?

A

First calf heifer

29
Q

What is a male castrated before sexual maturity called?

30
Q

What is a male castrated after sexual maturity called?

31
Q

The direction an animal will move during “Flight zone” depends on you and the ____

A

Animals point of balance

32
Q

When do bulls get puberty?

A

From 9-12 months

33
Q

When do heifers get puberty?

A

From 9-14 months

34
Q

Weight after puberty?

A

300 kg (600 Ib)

35
Q

How long is a cow’s estrous cycle?

A

19-23 days

36
Q

How long is a cow’s estrus period?

A

12-20 hours

37
Q

Signs a cow is in heat?

A

Stands when mounted, mount other cows, vulva discharges, highly vocal.

38
Q

How long is Ovulation?

A

12-15 hours after estrus period

39
Q

How long is gestation(pregnancy)?

40
Q

What lives in cattle stomachs that source protein?

41
Q

How much percent should cattle be fed hay per day?

A

2% of their body weight

42
Q

How much water should grazing cattle be drinking per day?

A

4.5-5 gallons of water

43
Q

How much water should fattening cattle drink per day?

A

8-9 gallons of water

44
Q

How much should lactating beef cattle be drinking per day?

A

10-25 gallons of water

45
Q

What is Grass Tetany

A

Occurs when the diet has a Magnesium deficiency

46
Q

What does calf processing mean?

A

castration, dehorning, or branding at an early age

47
Q

How many chromosomes do Cattle have?

A

60 chromosomes

48
Q

How many chromosome pairs do cattle have?

49
Q

What country has the most beef cattle production?

50
Q

How much kg of beef do average Americans consume per year

51
Q

How often do cattle teeth rupture?

A

1.5-4.5 years

52
Q

When do cattle teeth eventually deteriorate?

53
Q

What year should cows have a full set of teeth?

A

5 years old

54
Q

Are cattle seasonally polyestrous?

A

No, cattle can breed at any season all year long

55
Q

What does Dystocia mean?

A

A difficult birth

56
Q

What is Colostrum?

A

Milk after giving birth, provides anti-bodies to calves and immunity to diseases

ANS Midterm (4 decks)

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