Becoming a Psychologist

Question 1

Why is referencing important?

Answer 1

Referencing is important because:
-Evidence-based science → all arguments and points made need to be supported with evidence
-Demonstrates background reading
-Gives credit to the authors of the sources used
-Helps reader to locate the source
-Prevents plagiarism
-Good academic practise

Question 2

What is APA 7?

Answer 2

APA 7 is the referencing style most often used in psychology

Question 3

When to reference?

Answer 3

Reference when;
-Ideas or interpretations from other sources (quotations from articles, books etc) (paraphrased or summarised ideas or facts from a source)
-Exception: information is common knowledge

Question 4

Types of referencing

Answer 4

Types of referencing;
-In-text citations
-Reference lists
-Primary or secondary citations
-Referencing journal articles
-Books, chapters
-Online sources
-Lectures

Question 5

In-text citations (1 or 2 authors)

Answer 5

-Use the author/date method for in-text citations: Authors surname followed by the date of publication
-Two authors: Cite both names each time the references occurs in-text

Question 6

In-text citations (3+ authors)

Answer 6

-Use the author/date method, cite the author’s surname followed by et al and the date of publication for first and subsequent citations

Question 7

APA 7 - Citing a quotation

Answer 7

-When it’s a direct quote, the page or paragraph number of the source should immediately follow → used to support an argument rather than a subsitute for paraphrasing

Question 8

APA 7 - reference lists

Answer 8

Reference list;
-A complete list of all the references cited in-text, so that the reader can locate
-Appears at the end of an essay/report, in alphabetical order of first author and double spaced
-Typically not included in assignment of manuscript word limits
-Each reference is formatted with a hanging indent (all lines below the first one are indented 1/2 inch)
-Formatting varies according to the reference type (book, journal article, etc)

Question 9

Referencing lectures

Answer 9

Referencing lectures;
-Find the primary source to read, interpret and cite - important to build you own evidence
-May want to cite a lecturer’s take on something which you want to include in your assignment

Question 10

What are secondary sources when referencing?

Answer 10

-Sources that you have not directly read
-Scholarly practise to find the original source and read and cite
-Keep secondary citations to a minimum
-Used for difficulties in location the original source (eg out of print or unavailable)
-In-text citations
-Reference list

Question 11

What is academic misconduct?

Answer 11

Academic Misonduct leads to people having an unfair advantage over others. This could be due to someone else completing the work, someone impersonating a student, submitting fake mitigating circumstances and fabrication of research.

Question 12

What is plagiarism?

Answer 12

Plagiarism = reproduction and presentation of someone else’s work as one’s own - including copying work without acknowledgement, close paraphrasing, unacknowledged quotations, generation of research via AI

Question 13

Avoiding plagiarism

Answer 13

Avoiding plagiarism;
-full reference details when taking notes
-use of page numbers
-make direct quotes stand out from rest of text

Question 14

How to paraphrasing

Answer 14

Paraphrasing;
1 - read passage and write three key words
2 - close book or article
3 - re-write information using only the key words
4 - check back in book

Question 15

Appropiate AI use

Answer 15

Appropiate AI use:
-organising time
-brainstorming
revision
-feedback
-spelling and grammar checks
-keep record of AI use

Question 16

Concerns of AI

Answer 16

Concerns of AI;
-AI bias
-Hallucination (inaccurate info)
-Environmental impact
-Ethics