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CPA Exam - BEC > BEC 4: Information Systems and Communications > Flashcards

BEC 4: Information Systems and Communications Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five components of information technology?

A
  1. Hardware
  2. Software
  3. Network
  4. People
  5. a. Data
    b. Information
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2
Q

What set of software is one of the most basic and vital info. technology components of any business, and what categories can it be divided into?

A

The “Business Info. System” (“BIS”)

1, Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

  1. Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
  2. Decision Support Systems (aka business intelligence systems) (DSS)
  3. Executive Info. Systems (EIS)
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3
Q

In a business info. center, what are the four primary roles in business operations?

A
  1. To process detailed data (such as transaction data) - TPS
  2. To provide info. used for making daily decisions - DSS
  3. To provide info. used for developing business strategies - LT business decisions - EIS
  4. To take orders from customers
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4
Q

What is an accounting info. system, and what is the sequence of events in an AIS?

A

Most important to accountant; type of mngt. info. system; can be partly a TPS; well designed creates audit trail.

Input: 
Source Document (invoice, timecard) -> Journal -> Ledger -> Trial Balance -> Output: Fin. State. Reports
 * Source Document ->(store file)-> File original paper source document
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5
Q

What are the five transaction cycles of an AIS?

A
  1. Rev. cycle
  2. Expenditure cycle
  3. Production cycle
  4. HR/payroll cycle
  5. Financing cycle
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6
Q

`What are the four functional areas that make up the data processing cycle?

A
  1. Data input
  2. Data storage
  3. Data processing
  4. Info. output
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7
Q

What are periodic scheduled reports?

A

Traditional reports; display info. in a predefined format; available on a regular basis.

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8
Q

What are exception reports?

A

Produced when a specific condition or exception occurs; ex.) all balances > $1,000

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9
Q

What are demand reports?

A

“Pull” report; available on demand; response report without waiting for report creation.

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10
Q

What are ad hoc reports?

A

Created on demand without programmer; use of queries.

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11
Q

What are push reports?

A

Info. “pushed” to a computer; ex.) push report sent to inv. manager any time supplier is late.

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12
Q

What are dashboard reports?

A

Present summary info. necessary for mngt. action; generally visual quick references.

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13
Q

What is XBRL?

A

Extensible Business Reporting Language derived from XML (Extensible Markup Language); tags defined data; indicate taxonomy used; report/analyze data.

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14
Q

What is a TPS? Example?

A

Transaction Processing System - process and record the routine daily transactions necessary to conduct business - predefined - highly structured - ex.) Sales order entry and tracking, reservation systems, payroll and HR systems, and Acct. systems.

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15
Q

What is a MIS?

A

Mngt. Info. System - provides users predefined reports that support effective business decisions - provides feedback on daily operations - fin. and non-fin. info. to support decisions - int. and ext. info.

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16
Q

What is a DSS? Example?

A

Decision Support System - extension of MIS that provides interactive tools to support decision making - assist managers in making dialing business decisions - expert system - ex.) Production planning, inv. control, bid preparation, rev. optimization, traffic planning, and inv. planning systems.

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17
Q

What is an EIS? Example?

A

Executive Info. System - only used by top managers - provide executives with immediate and easy access to int. and ext. info. to assist in strategic decisions. - ex.) Sales forecasting, profit planning, key performance indicators, macroeconomic data, and financial reports.

18
Q

What is an SDLC and its related steps?

A

System Development Life Cycle - provides a framework for planning and controlling the detailed activities associated with systems development:

A DITTO

  1. systems Analysis
  2. Design (conceptual and physical)
  3. Implementation and conversion
  4. Training
  5. Testing
  6. Operations and maintenance.
19
Q

What are the five participants in business process design?

A
  1. Mngt. - provide support and encouragement and align IS with corporate strategies.
  2. Accts. - determine info. needs and system requirements - help manage systems development - active role in design of controls and monitor and test.
  3. IS Steering Committee - executive level - plan and oversee IS function - set governing policies for AIS - ensure top mngt. participate, guidance, and control. - facilitate coordination and integration of IS activities to increase goal congruence and decrease goal conflict.
  4. Project Development Team - responsible for success, design and implementation, user acceptance, monitoring, managing human element, communication, and risk mngt.
  5. External Parties - customers, vendors, auditors, and gov’t entities.
20
Q

What is COBIT, what does it assist with, who was it created by and when, and when was it updated?

A

“Control Objectives for Info. & Related Technology” framework that provides a set of measures, indicators, processes, and best practices to maximize the benefit of IT; assist with IT governance and mngt. - created by IS Audit & Control Association (ISACA) and IT Governance Institute (ITGI) in 1992 - updated: COBIT 5 in 2012.

21
Q

What five focus areas frame IT governance in the COBIT framework?

A
  1. Strategic Alignment
  2. Value Delivery
  3. Resource Mngt.
  4. Risk Mngt.
  5. Performance Measurement
22
Q

COBIT describes the business requirements for info. with what 7 distinct criteria?

A
  • ICE RACE
    1. Integrity: accuracy, completeness, validity
    2. Confidentiality: protection of sensitive info.
    3. Efficiency: info. delivery through optimal use of resources (low cost w/o compromising effect)
    4. Reliability: info. represents what it purports to represent
    5. Availability: provide current and future info. as required
    6. Compliance: w/ policies, laws, regulations, contracts
    7. Effectiveness: relevant or pertinent to a business process, and delivered in a timely, correct, consistent, and useful manner.
23
Q

What do IT resources consist of and are referred to as in COBIT?

A

“Enterprise Architecture for IT”

  1. Applications - ex.) billing and payroll systems
  2. Info. - ex.) raw, processed, and output
  3. Infrastructure - ex.) hardware, operating system, networking, and physical plant.
  4. People
24
Q

What are the 4 domains of the COBIT Framework?

A

*PO AIDS ME

Direct PO Plan & Organize
Solution AI Acquire & Implement
Service DS Deliver & Support
Ensure Direction Followed ME Monitor & Evaluate

25
Q

What is a systems analyst?

A

Internally developed system: determine system requirements, design overall application system, and determine network needed.

Purchased system: integrates with existing and provides training.

26
Q

What is a computer programmer? (two types)

A

Application programmer/software developer (software engineers) - responsible for writing and/or maintaining application programs.

System programmer - responsible for installing, supporting, monitoring, and maintaining the operating system. - can preform capacity planning functions.

27
Q

What is a computer operator?

A

Schedule and run processing jobs.

28
Q

What is an IT supervisor?

A

Manage function and responsibilities of IT department.

29
Q

What is a file librarian?

A

Store and protect programs and tapes from damage and unauthorized use.

30
Q

What is a data librarian?

A

Custody of and maintains entity’s data and ensures data is released to only those authorized when needed.

31
Q

What are systems administrators? (3 types)

A

a. ) Database administrator (DBA) - maintain and support database software and certain security functions - responsible for actual database software - define, plan, control data within a database
b. ) Network admin - support computer networks through performance monitoring and troubleshooting
c. ) Web admin - responsible for info. on website.

32
Q

What is a data input clerk?

A

Prepare, verify, and input data to be verified.

33
Q

What is a hardware technician?

A

Sets up and configures hardware and troubleshoots any resulting hardware problems.

34
Q

What are the four types of computer security policies?

A

High level to specific granular low levels

  1. Program - level policy - mission statement for IT security program
  2. Program - framework policy - IT security strategy
  3. Issue - specific policy
  4. System - specific policy
35
Q

Compare EDI to E-commerce

A

Item: EDI: E-Commerce
Cost more less
Security more less
Speed slower (batch) faster (OLDIT)
Network VAN Internet
(Driven by) (private) (public)

36
Q

What are the four main risk with respect to systems?

A
  1. Strategic - risk of choosing inappropriate technology
  2. Operating - risk of doing the right things the wrong way
  3. Financial - risk of having fin. resources lost, wasted, or stolen
  4. Info. - risk of loss of data integrity, incomplete transactions, or hackers
37
Q

What are the five steps in disaster recovery?

A
  1. Assess the risks
  2. Identify mission - critical applications and data
  3. Develop a plan for handling the mission critical applications
  4. Determine the responsibilities of the personnel involved in disaster recovery
  5. Test the disaster recovery plan
38
Q

What does hardware consist of?

A
  1. Central Processing Unit
    a. Processor
    b. Primary storage (main memory) - RAM, ROM, Virtual Memory
  2. Secondary storage devices - random storage devices, sequential storage, RAID
  3. Peripherals
    a. Input devices
    b. Output devices
  4. Classes of Processors
    a. Processing power - MIPS
    b. Multiprocessing - multiprocessing, parallel processing
39
Q

What are the three broad categories of system software?

A
  1. System Software - programs that run the computer and support system mngt. operations
  2. Programming Languages - allow programmers to write programs in source code
  3. Application Software - the diverse group of systems and programs that an organization uses to accomplish its objectives
40
Q

What is a network and the three main kinds?

A

A group of interconnected computers, terminals, communication channels, communication processors, and communication software.
1. Local Area Network (LAN) - permit shared resources (software, hardware, and data) among computers within a limited area - normally privately owned
2, Wide Area Network (WAN) - allow national and international communication
3. Wireless Networks.

CPA Exam - BEC (6 decks)

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