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MASTER SOMMELIER FLASHCARDS > BDX History / Medoc, Graves, Sauternnes AOP general > Flashcards

BDX History / Medoc, Graves, Sauternnes AOP general Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What was BDX called from the first Celtic tribes?

A

Burdigala

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2
Q

What year did Julius Caesar conquer Gaul, and Burdigala become Aquataine

A

56CE

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3
Q

What year did Eleanor of Aquataine succeed as Duchess?

A

1137

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4
Q

What years was bdx apart of England?

A

1154 - 1453

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5
Q

What was the result of the Hundred Years War

A

Aquatine went to French rule.
Battle of Castillon

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6
Q

What influence did the Dutch have on viniculture in bdx?

A

They reintroduced the germanic technique of burning sulfer candles in barrels prior to aging wine

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7
Q

What English trade act restricted foreign vessels from entering their ports?

A

Oliver Cromwell Navigation Acts 1660

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8
Q

How did King Louis 14 influence French maritime dominance?

A

Plantings of he Troncais & Limousin forests, which are now part of french barrel making

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9
Q

What year does the Dutch influence end in bdx? What also happens this year?

A

1709
Coincides with a bad harvest in Pay Nantes & paved the way for Melon d’Bourgone

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10
Q

When did bdx start selling their wine under brand name? Who was the first?

A

17th Century
Haut Brion was the fist in 1660

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11
Q

When did Malbec arrive in bdx? Who brought it there?

A

1730
A Cahors native bought Chateau Pressac & planted the grape.
Pressac Noir is the nick name of Malbec in the right bank

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12
Q

When did the modern barrique become more of use?

A

1860

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13
Q

When did Oidium (powdery mildew) strike bdx?
How is it managed?

A

1852
Application of sulfer

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14
Q

When did phylloxera strike bdx?

A

1869

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15
Q

When did Peronospera (Downy Mildew) strike bdx? How is it managed?

A

1880
Copper Sulface lime concentraion (bdx mixture)

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16
Q

Why is malbec & carmenere not widely grown in bdX?

A

They didn’t graft as well as the other grapes during phylloxera, their usage went down

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17
Q

When did Chateau Latour opt out of En Priemeur?

A

2012

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18
Q

Synonym of Cab Sauv in St Emilion

A

Bouchet

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19
Q

Synonym of Cab Sauv in Graves

A

Petit Vidure

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20
Q

Synonym of Cab Sauv in Castillon

A

Marchoupet

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21
Q

Synonym of Cab Franc in St Emilion

A

Gros Bouchet

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22
Q

Synonym of Carmenere

A

Cabarenelle

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23
Q

Synonym of Semillon

A

Colombier (Gironde)
Chevriere (Dordogne)

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24
Q

What is the vine training of most vines in bdx?

A

Double guyot on left, single guyot on right

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25
Q

What is the vine training in Sauternnes?

A

Cordon training // it produces smaller berries to attract botrytis

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26
Q

How many Demeter certified bdx producers are there?

A

76

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27
Q

Vine density of Medoc

A

6500

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28
Q

Vine density of St Emilion and Pomerol

A

5500

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29
Q

Where is vine density lowest in all of bdx?

A

Entre deux Mers

30
Q

What is green harvesting?

A

Bunches that are removed during summer months
Reduces vigor, produces smaller berries, more concentrated wine

31
Q

T/F Destemming is routine in BDX

A

true

32
Q

When does malo occur in bordeaux?

A

either in tank or barrel, not while fermenting

33
Q

T/F Whites do not undergo malo in bdx

A

true

34
Q

What vinification technique is often used in bdx reds?

A

Micro-oxygenation // borrowed from Madiran // has been commonly used since 1990s

35
Q

min abv for regional BDX AOPS

A

Blanc / Rose 10%
Rouge 10.5%
Haut Benauge 11%

36
Q

What is Haut Benauge?

A

As of 2011, Cotes de Francs is gone
Dry whites, rarely sweet come from here
Subregion of Entre deux Mers

37
Q

Min R/S for whites in Bdx AOP

A

3 g / L

38
Q

Min R/S for Haut Benauge AOP

A

5-60 g / L

39
Q

When was Cotes de Bordeaux AOP est?

A

2009

40
Q

What satellites of Cotes de Bordeaux AOP produce red wines only?

A

Castillon
Cadillac

41
Q

What are the satellites of Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

Castillon
Cadillac
Blaye
Francs
St Foye

42
Q

What commune was last to achieve AOC status in the medoc?

A

Listrac 1957

43
Q

Communes of Margaux - 4

A

Cantenac
Soussans
Arsac
Labarde

44
Q

What is the vine density comparison of Medoc AOP to the communes of Medoc?

A

Medoc AOP - 5000 vines / ha
Communes 7000 vines / ha

45
Q

What percentage of plantings are Merlot in St Estephe?

A

40%

46
Q

What is the smallest commune of medoc?

A

St Julien 920 ha

47
Q

What percentage of Pauillac plantings are Cab Sauv

A

70-80%

48
Q

What commune has the most classified growths?

A

Margaux

49
Q

What are the 2 Chateaus that are no longer in the original Graves classification?

A

Chateau Laville Haut- Brion (2005)
Chateau LaTour Haut - Brion (2008)

50
Q

What are the white only Graves classification producers?

A

Chateau Couhins
Chateau Couhins - Lurton
Chateau Laville Haut Brion

51
Q

What estates produce both red and white in the Graves classification?

A

Chateau Bouscuet
Chateau Carbonnieux
Domaine de Chevalier
Chateau Olivier
Chateau Latour Martillac
Chateau Malartic Lagraviere

52
Q

What are the rouge only estates in the Graves classification

A

Chateau Fieuzal
Chateau Haut Bailly
Chateau Haut Brion
Chateau La Misson Haut Brion
Chateau Pape Clement
Chateau Smith Haut Lafite
Chateau LaTour Haut Brion

53
Q

What natural feature separates Graves and the Atlantic ocean?

A

Landes Forest

54
Q

What are the 2 regional AOPs of Graves, what wines do they produce?

A

Graves AOP // dry red & white
Graves Superieur AOP // Sweet wine only

55
Q

When was Graves first classified?

A

1953

56
Q

When was the Graves classification finished?

A

1959

57
Q

When was Pessac Leognon recognized by the INAO?

A

1987

58
Q

Who pushed for Pessac Leognon to be an official AOC?

A

Andre Lurton
Founded the Syndicat de Hautes Graves

59
Q

Communes of Sauternnes

A

Sauternnes
Bommes
Fargues
Preignac
Barsac

60
Q

2 rivers that influence Sauternnes

A

Ciron & Garonne
mists & humidity occur in early Autumn for botrytis

61
Q

What happens when botrytis occurs?

A

Mold attacks the skin, it’s dehydrated so that the sugar, acid, and glycerol are concentrated

62
Q

Why is Sauternnes harvested in tries?

A

Botrytis does not attack evenly. Quality wine can only be accomplished by this manual labor

63
Q

How many tries are conducted in Sauternnes on average?

A

3-4

64
Q

What is the MMW for Sauternnes?

A

221 g / L

65
Q

What is the min R/ S for Sauternnes?

A

45 g / L

66
Q

What is the min ABV for Sauternnes?

A

15%, 12% acquired

67
Q

T/ F Barsac may choose to label their wines as Sauternnes

A

True

68
Q

What are dry whites listed as in Sauternnes?

A

Bordeaux Superieur Blanc

69
Q

Memorize the 1st growths of Sauternnes

A
70
Q

Name 3 classified growths that are Demeter certified

A

Pontet Canet
Chateau Palmer
Chateau Ferriere
Chateau Durfort -Vivens
Chateau Hautes-Bages

71
Q
A

MASTER SOMMELIER FLASHCARDS (8 decks)

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