Bdt Flashcards
Why are some areas more popular than they used to be
Improvements in transport, which made it quicker and easier to get places
Unusual tourist destinations have got better at marketing themselves, so people are more aware of them
Many countries have invested in tourist infrastructure to make them more attractive for visitors
What is attractive about cities for tourists
The culture( museums, art galleries) entertainment(bars theatres) and shopping
What is attractive about mountain areas to tourists
Beautiful scenery, activities such as walking, climbing, skiing and snowboarding
Why are coastal areas attractive for tourists
The beaches, activities like swimming, fishing, water skiing
Why is tourism important for many countries
Creates jobs for local people, helping the economy to grow
Increases income of other businesses that supply the tourism industry, farms supply hotels with food
Poorer countries tend to be more dependent on the income from tourism than richer ones
How many tourists visited the uk in 2008
32 mill
Why is the uk a popular tourist destination
Countryside, historic landmarks
How much money did tourism bring to the uk in 2007 and subsequently how many jobs were created
114 billion creating 1.4mill jobs
What affects the number of tourists visiting the uk
Weather, bad weather discourages tourists
World economy, in times of recession people cant afford to have holidays
Exchange rate, the value of the pound compared to other currencies affects the number of tourists, if its low the uk is cheaper to visit
Terrorism and conflict, wars and terrorists mean tourists are less willing to visit affected areas
Major events, olympics and events attract many people who havernt been before
What are the 5/6 stages in the tourist area life cycle model
Exploration Involvement Development Consolidation Rejuvenation or stagnation
What is the exploration tourist stage
When small numbers of visitors are attracted to the area eg by scenery or culture. There aren’t many tourist facilities
What is the involvement stage
Local people start providing facilities fot the tourists, which attracts more visitors
What is the development stage
More and more visitors come as more facilities are built. Control of tourism in the area passes from locals to big companies
What is the consolidation stage
Tourism is still a big part of the local economy, but tourist numbers are beginning to level off
What is the stagnation stage
Visitor numbers have peaked. Facilities are no longer as good and tourists have had a negative impact on the local environment making the area less attractive to visit
What is the rejuvenation stage
If the area is rejuvenated then more visitors will come as they are attracted by the new facilities
What is mass tourism
Organised tourism for large numbers of people eg visiting spain on a package holiday
What are the positive economic impacts of mass tourism
It brings money into the local economy
Creates jobs for local people and increases the income of industries that supple tourism
What are the negative economic impacts of tourism
A lot of the profit made from tourism is kept by large travel companies instead of the local economy, leakage
Positive social impacts of tourism s
Lots of jobs means young people are more likely to stay in the area
Improved roads, communications and infrastructure for tourists also benefit locals
Income from tourism can be reinvested in local community projects
Negative social impacts
Tourism jobs are badly paid and seasonal
Traffic congestion caused by tourists can inconvenience locals
The tourists can behave in an offensive way
Positive environmental impacts of tourism
Income from tourism can be reinvested in protecting the environment
Negative environmental impacts
Transporting lots of people long distances releases lots of greenhouse gases which cause global warming
Tourism can increase litter and cause pollution
Tourism can lead to the destruction of natural habitats
How can the negative impacts of tourism be reduced
Improving public transport encourages tourists to use it which reduces congestion and pollution
Limiting the number of people visiting sensitive environments
Providing lots of bins helps to reduce litter
How can areas that rely heavily on tourism make sure tourists keep coming
Build new facilities or improve existing ones
Reduce any tourist impacts that make the area less attractive
Advertise and market the area
Improve transport infrastructure
Offer new activities
Make it cheaper to visit
Why are tourists attracted to extreme environments
Ideal for adventure holiday activities such as rafting, trekking
Some people want something different and exciting
A lot of people enjoy the element of risk
Some wildlife can only be seen in certain extreme conditions
Some scenery can only be seen in certain places
Why is tourism increasing in extreme environment
Improvements in transport make it quicker and easier
People are keen to see places like Antarctica while they have the chance before the ice caps
More disposable income
Adventure holidays are more popular because tv programmes and advertising
Why is tourism in extreme conditions damaging
Tree are cut down as fuel for trekkers, leading to deforestation
Deforestation destroys habitats
Deforestation means fewer trees to intercept rain, so more water reaches channels causing flooding
Tree roots hold soil together so deforestation leads to soil erosion. If soil is washed into rivers it raises the river bed so it cant hold as much water, causing flooding
The volume of tourists causes footpath erosion, which can lead to landslides
Toilets are poor and non existent, so rivers are polluted by sewage
What is ecotourism
Tourism that doesn’t harm the environment and benefits local people
What does ecotourism involve
Conservation and stewardship
What is conservation
Protecting and managing the environment
What is stewardship
Taking responsibility for conserving the environment
How does ecotourism help keep the environmental impacts of tourism low
It is usually a small scale activity with only small numbers of visitors going to an area at a time
What are the environmental benefits of ecotourism
Local people are encouraged to conserve the environment rather than use it for logging or farming
It reduces poaching and hunting of endangered species
Reduce the use of fossil fuels by using renewable energy sources
Waste created is disposed of carefully to prevent pollution
Economic Benefits of ecotourism
Creates jobs for local people helping the local economy grow
Local people not directly employed in tourism can also make money by selling local crafts
Benefits of ecotourism to local people
Many people have better more stable incomes that other jobs
Many ecotourism schemes fund community projects
What is sustainable development
Improving the quality of life for people but doing it in a way that doesnt stop people in the future getting what they need
Why is ecotourism sustainable
It is done without damaging the environment, without it people may have to do something that harms the environment
Why has tourism grown over the last 60 years
More disposable income, so can afford holidays
Companies give more paid holidays, so peopel have more free time
Travel has become cheaper, more people can afford holidays
Holiday companies now use the internet to sell holidays
