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Endodontics > BDS2 Endo > Flashcards

BDS2 Endo Flashcards

1
Q

Contraindication to endo

A

CVD last 6mths

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2
Q

Endo risks

A
  • Perforation
  • Instrument separation
  • Sodium hypochlorite
  • Failure to eliminate infection requiring further tx
  • Pain, bleeding, swelling
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3
Q

Name examples of cavity base sealers

A
  • Zinc phosphate
  • CaOH
  • RMGI - vitrebond
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4
Q

CaOH disadvantages

A

Cytotoxic - kills pulp cells

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5
Q

Design principles of chemomechanical disinfection (3)

A
  • Create a continuously tapering funnel shape
  • Maintain apical foramen in original position
  • Keep apical opening as small as possible
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6
Q

Function of mechanical prep

A

Create space for irrigants to eliminate microorganisms

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7
Q

Functions of NaOCL

A
  • Antimicrobial activity
  • Dissolves pulp remnants + collagen
  • Dissolves necrotic + vital tissue
  • Helps disrupt smear layer
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8
Q

Factors important for NaOCL function (6)

A
  • Concentration
  • Volume
  • Time
  • Contact
  • Exchange
  • Mechanical agitation
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9
Q

What is used to remove the smear layer?

A

17% EDTA

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10
Q

Disinfection protocol

A

3% NaOCL 30ml 10 mins
17% EDTA 1 min rinse
Dry between (or brown precipitate formed)
3% NaOCL final rinse

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11
Q

Define EWL

A

EWL at which instrumentation should be limited

Coronal ref point - apex 1mm

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12
Q

Define CWL

A

Length at which instrumentation + obturation should be limited

Use apex locator

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13
Q

What is a master apical file?

A

Largest diameter file to WL

Represents final prep size of apical portion of canal

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14
Q

When do we use a barbed broach?

A

Extirpate pulp

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15
Q

When do we use a Hedstrom file?

A

Re-RCT to remove GP/fractured instruments

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16
Q

Properties of a material used to fill RC

A
  • Biocompatible
  • Dimensionably stable
  • Unaffected by tissue fluids
  • Insoluble
  • Radiopaque
  • Non supportive of bacterial growth
17
Q

Constituents of GP

A
  • Zinc oxide
  • Radiopacifiers
  • Plasticisers
18
Q

Examples of obturation

A
  • Cold lateral compaction
  • Warm vertical compaction
19
Q

Properties of ideal sealer

A

Bacteriostatic
Non staining
Radiopaque
Slow set
Easily mixed

20
Q

Name some common sealers (3)

A
  • Zinc oxide
  • GI
  • Calcium Silicate
21
Q

Laws of symmetry

A

Orifices equidistant from line drawn in m-d direction

Orifices lie perpendicular to line drawn in m-d direction across centre of floor + pulp chamber

22
Q

Law of colour

A

Colour of pulp floor darker than walls

23
Q

Law of orifice location

A
  • Orifices always located at junction of walls + floor
  • Orifices located at angles in the floor - wall junction
  • Orifices located at terminus of root development fusion lines
24
Q

Method for removing insoluble resins

A

Ultrasonic

25
Q

Method for removing GP

A

Hedstroem handfiles
Reciproc/protaper

26
Q

Method for removing soluble resins

A

Hedstroem handfiles
Reciproc/protaper

27
Q

How to use protaper to Retx

A

D1 for coronal 3rd
D2 for middle 3rd
D3 for apical 3rd

28
Q

Name symptoms of NaOCl extrusion (5)

A

Pain
Swelling
Eccymosis
Haemorrhage
Airway obstruction

29
Q

Risk factors for NaOCl extrusion (5)

A
  • Excessive pressure during irrigation
  • Needle locked within canal
  • Loss of control of WL
  • Larger apical diameters
  • Proximity to sinus
30
Q

Management of NaOCL

A

Stop

Keep calm alert pt + reassure

Pain give LA block

If profuse bleeding through RC allow until haemostasis

Steroid containing medicament placed in RC ensure no pressure

Do not obturate but seal to coronal access cavity

Priority to pain relief, dec swelling
Cold compress first few days
Warm for soft tissue swelling
Analgesics
Review within 24hrs
Antibiotics
Refer if severe

31
Q

Measures to avoid NaOCl accident

A
  • Bib + eyewear
  • Dam
  • Test dam with CHX
  • Syringes labelled
  • Always use leurlok 27G needle
  • Fill syringe 3/4
  • Use silicone stop
  • Pass syringe behind pt head
  • Depress with index finger

Endodontics (1 decks)

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