BB LAB Flashcards
- Used primarily for testing procedures
Test tubes
- In the blood bank laboratory, these are used for tube method testing procedures (e.g., tube method for blood typing and tube method ABO grouping and RH grouping)
Test tubes
- It can also be used for compatibility testing procedures (e.g., cross matching) and even in antibody screen and identification procedures
Test tubes
- These devices are used in order to measure and transfer a measured amount of liquid after the liquid has been aspirated inside the said pipette
Serological pipette
- It is operated with the use of pipettol or an aspirator (rubber bulb), which is placed on top of the pipette
Serological pipette
- The aspirator will provide a negative pressure needed in order to aspirate a certain amount of liquid
Serological pipette
- These tubes contain the blood collected from a patient
Evacuated tubes
- They are color-coded so that they would be identified easily based on their contents
Evacuated tubes
- Used to contain liquids that are subjected for centrifugation
Graduated centrifuge tubes
- They are graduated in order to make it easier to measure how much liquid is inside these tubes
- However, it only gives a rough measurement of the liquid inside these tube, hence it should not be used for measuring procedures
Graduated centrifuge tubes
- Used for various serological procedures that can be performed in a glass slide
Glass slides
- A modified glass slide specifically used for blood typing procedures
Blood typing slides
- Contains wells on them so that it would not cause mixed ups when it comes to mixing the reagent and the samples
- The wells are labeled above/at their side in order to indicate the tests you are performing
Blood typing slides
- A narrow, slender tube that would tapered down at the bottom
- has a long, slender form
- They are not used for measuring, but rather they are used to transfer or deliver liquids drop by drop
- It can be considered as a sharp hazard when it is broken
Pasteur pipette
- Functions and operates the same way as the pasteur pipette
- Single-used and disposable once it has been exhausted to use
Dropper
- Used for a certain tests for determining hemoglobin concentration
Beaker
- Used to contain fluids or liquids (it can be also used for solids)
Beaker
- In the blood bank laboratory, it is used for the copper sulfate method for hemoglobin estimation
Beaker
- In any phlebotomy procedure, it is required to have a sterile needle and a sterile syringe setup
- Other than that, you can also use a microsampling set that would consist of a capillary tubes and lancets
BLOOD SAMPLING SETS
- In blood sampling procedures, it is used to somewhat restrict the flow of blood within the veins in order to easily palpate the veins that you would have to puncture
Tourniquet
- Equipped together with the syringe, which enables to collect blood samples from the patients
- Used to puncture the vein or the artery of your choice
- The hubs of this needle are color-coded in order to indicate the gauge or the size of the needle
Hypodermic needle
- It aids in locating the veins that you can use for phlebotomy practice
Tourniquet
- used for collecting a microsample or a small amount of blood needed for tests that can be done which will only make use of a small amount of blood (e.g., blood typing procedures)
Capillary tubes
RED / used for collecting capillary blood samples coming straight out from the skin after finger puncture
heparinized tubes
BLUE / used for collecting blood samples that have been mixed with an anticoagulant
non-heparinized tubes
Comes in a needle or feather form
Used to puncture the skin in order to access the capillaries or collect capillary blood
Blood lancets
Equipped with a needle-type lancets
Can be operated simply with a push of a button, triggering the mechanism inside that will allow it to puncture the skin
The numbers at one end indicate the depth of the puncture that can be done by this equipment
- Autolancet
- As for this system, it can minimize the contamination brought about by environmental factors
- It is made up of a two-way needle, which can transfer blood directly from the vein to the tube.
Evacuated tube system setup
- Also known as the bleeding set
BLOOD COLLECTION SETS
Equipped with a gauge 16 needle at one end, which is connected to the bag with a tubing system
It is equipped with such gauge in order to minimize the tendencies of blood clots within the needle
It also has a safety cap that prohibits the exposure of needle once it is used, as well as preventing needlestick injuries
- Needle
Controls the flow of the blood within the tubings
- Hemostat
Contains an anticoagulant preservative needed to preserve the blood units
- Primary blood bag
Used to contain the first few milimiters of blood that would come from the tubing system before the blood flow is diverted into the primary bag
- Diversion pouch
It is also equipped with a needle in order for it to insert the evacuated tube
- Diversion pouch
The collected blood from the ? will be used for further testing of the donor’s blood
- Diversion pouch
can produce two products:
Whole blood unit
Packed red blood cell unit
- Single blood bag system
The risk of producing a packed RBC unit in the single blood bag is that you are exposing the unit to the environmental factors, which can affect the shelf life of the blood units (from 35 days, commonly, to 24 hours once the blood bags are opened)
- Single blood bag system
Doesn’t need to be opened just to produce three units since they are connected by tubing systems
The bags that are connected to the primary blood bag are know to be the transfer bags
- Triple blood bag system
If opened by simply cracking the valves found in the primary bag, it will now lead to the transfer of fluids from the primary bag to one transfer bag, producing a blood unit
Can produce three units without severely reducing the shelf life of the said units
These units include:
- Packed red blood cells
- Plasma, in the form of fresh frozen plasma
- Platelet unit or platelet concentrates
- Triple blood bag system
is used to measure the blood pressure pressure of the blood donor
sphygmomanometer or blood pressure cuff
Gold standard equipment for blood pressure monitoring
Mercury sphygmomanometer
Has an aneroid manometer gauge which is used to measure the air pressure inside the bladder or the cuff of the sphygmomanometer
The air pressure is gently released by the turn of the air release valve
Aneroid sphygmomanometer
It will automatically measure the blood pressure of the person
It will also automatically pumps air inside the cuff of the sphygmomanometer
Electronic or automatic sphygmomanometer
- Used together with the sphygmomanometer
- Used to auscultate or listen to the pulses that can be heard to measure the blood pressure of the blood donor
Stethoscope
- Used to measure the weight of the blood donor (either in kilograms or pounds)
Bathroom scale
- Used to measure the hemoglobin concentrations of the blood donor
Copper sulfate reagent
- Automatically analyzes the concentration of hemoglobin present in the blood that is collected in the kit
- Within seconds, the concentration of hemoglobin is provide in the read-out present in the equipment
Hemoglobin analyzer
- Applies constant agitation or rotation on the slides
Digital or mechanical rotators
- There are certain immunologic reactions that will require you to use the (?) in order to see these microscopic reactions
Compound microscope
- Applies constant agitation or rotation on the slides
Digital or mechanical rotators
- Function: sterilizer and drying for washed glasswares
Hot Air Oven
- It is used to separate different components of a suspension based on their density
- The heavy objects or sediments will settle down the bottom after centrifugation process and those that are less dense will float at the top
Clinical centrifuge
- Have light source in side that can provide heat and light
- Function: reactions require heat for immunological reaction
- Aid in detecting microscopic evaluation
Rh View Box
- Can deliver gamma rays or any ionizing radiation into a blood a bag unit
Blood Unit Irradiator
- Provide the heat in order to incubate your reaction
- Seldomly used in blood banks because the moisture that can accumulate at the side of the tubes can contaminate serologic reactions
- Done before being transfused to a patient to avoid hypothermia
Water Bath
- Irradiating can inactivate or destroy nucleated cell found in the blood unit (WBCs) that can react with the body of the patient when it is transfused
Blood Unit Irradiator
- Have bigger vessels than clinical centrifuge
- It can separate different component of blood units based on their density
Floor Standing Centrifuge
- Can also incubate platelet concentrates
- Platelet concentrate should not be stored on a stationary surface they must be constantly and gently mixed to promote the circulation of air inside the unit
Platelet Agitator
- Use to seal the tubing system found on the blood bags that creates tube segments for sampling donor blood for compatibility testing procedure during the cross-matching procedure
Tube Fillers
- Used for mixing serologic reactions
- Cheap and single-used and disposable
Wooden Applicator Stick
- Have shelves that can be easily drawn out whenever the need arises
- Storing blood bank units that needs to be refrigerated
- Can be used to store reagents
Blood Bank Refrigerator
- Necessary to weigh blood bags prior to component preparation
Weighing Scale
o Freezing
below -18°C
o Ref temp:
2-8°C
- Alternative storage for storing frozen units if blood bank ref cannot be adjusted to freezing temp.
Chest Freezer
- Used to contain washing fluids used in the blood bank lab
- Used to store NSS for red cell suspension
Wash Bottles
- Operated manually
- Can function as a hemostat that can be used for stripping out the blood present in tubing system
Tube Sealer
- Incubate test tubes without the need of water
- More advantageous in incubating serological samples which can eliminate contamination brough by water/steam
- Can be used for serum complement inactivation
Dry Incubator Block
provide illumination than can allow us to see the different agglutinations that have taken place inside the test tube
- Lamp
magnify the image or reaction of the tube
- Concave mirror
- Lamp: provide illumination than can allow us to see the different agglutinations that have taken place inside the test tube
- Concave mirror: magnify the image or reaction of the tube
Agglutination Viewer
- For compatibility testing and blood typing
- Has wells that contain polyacrylamide gel that would trap RBCs if an agglutination reaction had taken place
Gel Card
- Expensive
- Used to thaw plasma units
Plasma Thawer
- Used to press your blood units to express (through a spring mechanisms) plasma within the blood bags
- Necessary for component preparation purpose
Expresser
Aneroid sphygmomanometer, together with the mercury sphygmomanometer, is operated through the use of
inflation blub
should have heavy lid
Clinical centrifuge
