BB Ch12 Flashcards
- Give the genus and species of the domestic cat.
Felis cattus
- Domestic cats have the highest incidence of naturally occurring _____malignances of any other nonrodent mammal.
lymphoid
- Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is an oncornavirus that causes __________, ___________, and __________ in cats.
- Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is an oncornavirus that causes lymphosarcoma, leukemia, and aplastic anemia in cats.
- What disease of cats is a model for human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
- Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV)
- Helicobacter ____ and H. _____ are naturally occurring helicobacters of cats.
felis, pylori
- What are three of the most common arrangements of housing cats?
- Singly housed in cages, multiple runs within a room, free ranging in rooms.
- What is allorubbing? What is its purpose?
- When cats rub their heads and faces against one another. It may be a way of greeting each other or as an exchange of odor for recognition, familiarization, marking, or development of a communal scent.
- What factors affect the onset of puberty in queens?
- Age, breed, time of year or photoperiod, social environment, health, physical condition, and nutritional status.
- True or False. Free-roaming queens are seasonally polyestrous.
True
- What is superfetation?
- The development of different-age fetuses as a result of separate matings in different estrous cycles.
- What are the five phases of the feline estrous cycle?
- Proestrus, estrus, interestrus, diestrus, and anestrus.
- What is the duration of proestrus in the queen?
- 12 hours to 3 days.
- What is interestrus?
- The interval of sexual inactivity between waves of follicular function in cycling queens.
- True or False. The domestic cat is an induced ovulator.
True
- At what age do tomcats reach puberty?
- 8-13 months.
- How is neonatal isoerythrolysis prevented?
- By avoiding the breeding of a blood type A tomcat with a type b queen.
- What is gestation period in the domestic cat?
- 65-66 days with a range of 60-70 days.
- What is the only pregnancy specific hormone? It is secreted by what tissue?
- Relaxin. It is secreted by the placenta. Relaxin helps maintain pregnancy and results in relaxation of the connective tissue of the pelvis.
- When might fetuses first become palpable?
17 days
- When can pregnancy in the cat be detected by radiography? When can pregnancy be detected by ultrasound?
- Radiography: 43 days; Ultrasound: As early as 11-14 days, with fetal heartbeats recognized at 3.5-4 weeks.
- Inbreeding is a common cause of __________, ________, and ________.
reduced fecundity, birth defects, and infertility.
- What is atresi ani?
- An anomaly in which the anus is absent and feces can not be passed.
- How do newborn kittens acquire antibodies?
- By passive transfer of maternal antibodies through the colostrum.
- When does intestinal absorption of immunoglobulins cease?
- After the first 16 hours of life.
- _______, ________, and _______ are commonly used methods of identification in the cat.
Tattooing, ear tag placement, and microchip implantation
- Cats require diets high in _____ and _____ but low in ______.
high in protein and fat but low in carbohydrate.
- Define the AAFCO.
- Association of American Feed Control Officials.
- AAFCO’s approval of a feed product may be determined by 3 methods. List the 3 methods.
1) Calculation of the nutritional content of a product’s ingredient list
2) Chemical analysis of the feed’s nutritional content
3) Feeding trials.
- What are the daily energy needs of an adult cat at maintenance?
60-80 kcal/kg
- What are the daily energy needs of kittens?
250 kcal/kg
- What is hepatic lipidosis?
- Severe hepatocellular lipid accumulation which leads to impairment of liver function and other metabolic consequences. Anorexia and rapid weight loss can result in this life-threatening illness, especially in obese cat.
32.
Define FLUTD
Feline lower urinary tract disease.
- What clinical signs are associated with FLUTD?
- hematuria, dysuria, pollakuria, straining while in the litter box.
34.
What type of crystal is struvite?
Magnesium ammonium phosphate
- What is the most important predisposing factor for the development of struvite crystals?
Urine alkalinity. Struvite crystals do not develop in acidic urine.
- What is the product “digest”? How is it used?
Contains phosphoric acid, which serves as a urinary acidifier. It is sprayed on dry cat food and increases the palatability of the food. Formed from the hydrolysis of animal tissues and by-products.
- Name one of the most potent stressor seen in cats.
- Overcrowding.
- What are the two primary etiologic agents seen in 80% of all upper respiratory tract infections in cats?
Feline herpesvirus (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV)
- True or False. Transplacental transmission occurs with FHV-I but not FCV.
False. Transplacental transmission does not occur with FHV-I or FCV.
- How does FHV-I and FCV spread?
- Direct viral contact through nasal and ocular secretions and via fomites.
- What are the two feline coronaviruses that infect cats? Which one is considered virulent?
- Feline enteric Coronavirus (FECV) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). FIPV is virulent, FECV is ubiquitous and avirulent.
- True or False. Serological testing is the best method to detect FIPV.
- False. FIPV can not be distinguished from FECV serologically.
- Replication of FECV takes place in __________, where replication of FIPV takes place in ________.
enterocytes;
macrophages
- What role does antibody production play in FIPV?
- FIPV is a systemic intracellular pathogen, but systemic antibodies are not protective. Antibody production may enhance the disease complexes formed when antibodies bind with virus result in increase uptake of the virus by macrophages, where further replication occurs.
- How is clinical FIPV manifested?
- As acute vasculitis with pleural and/or peritoneal effusions or a chronic pyogranulomatous disease.
- How is FIPV definitively diagnosed?
By postmortem exam.
- True or False. Dried FIPV may survive at room temperatures for weeks to months.
True
- What is the most common cause of otitis externa in the cat?
Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis).
- ____________________ is the most common mode of transmission of roundworms and hookworms in kittens.
Transmammary transmission
- What diseases are hookworms and roundworms associated with in humans?
- Cutaneous larval migrans (hookworms) and visceral larval migrans (roundworms).
- Give the etiological agent of cat scratch fever.
Bartonella henselae
- True or False. Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular bacterium.
- False. Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite.
- Cat _____ and ________ proteins are potent allergens.
urine and salivary proteins
Provide the names and genera of retroviruses to which felines are susceptible
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus, genus Lentivirus
Feline Leukemia Virus, genus Gammaretrovirus
Feline Foamy Virus, genus Spumavirus
What clinical signs are associated with feline foamy virus, and how is FFV infection utilized in research?
FFV infection is usually asymptomatic; it is studied as a potential vehicle for gene therapy delivery.
What are advantages and disadvantages of FIV as a model for HIV?
Advantages: similar to HIV in pathogenesis and clinical signs, ease of experimental infection, predictable disease progression.
Disadvantages: limited variety of labeling reagents
Why are cats the preferred species for investigating SCI?
SCI - Spinal cord injury; cats have spinal cords of similar length and anatomy as humans
What is unique about the cat model of Parkinson’s disease?
Cats recover from symptoms induced by administration of MPTP
How are random-source cats valuable in biomedical research?
- training veterinary students
2. establishment of genetic models of human diseases identified in the pet population
What are the minimum cage height and floor space requirements for cats?
cage height 24 inches
floor space 3 ft2 for cats <4kg
floor space 4 ft2 for cats >4kg
Dermatophytosis in cats is usually caused by
Microsporum canis
