Baytech Questions Flashcards
Inspection may identify flaws in equipment. A/an ______ can be performed to if the equipment can continue to operate safely under what conditions and for how long.
Fitness for service analysis
Understanding the two-dimensional aspect of risk allows new insight into the use of:
Risk for inspection prioritization and planning
The amount and type of codes and standards used by a facility:
can have a significant impact on RBI results
It is usually more economical to modify the process or change metallurgy:
When a plant is being designed
Identification of the credible damage mechanisms and failure modes for all equipment included in a RBI study is essential:
To the quality and effectiveness of the RBI analysis
Quantitative models usually contain one or more:
Standard failure scenarios or outcomes
S the results of a quantitative analysis are usually:
Numeric
Changes in process conditions and hardware changes, such as modification or replacement:
Can significantly alter the risk
The best definition of mitigation is:
Limitation of any negative consequence
A RBI assessment will:
Determine the risk associated with the item assessed
One of the most important aspects of managing risk through RBI is:
Development and use of mitigation strategies
Failure mode is defined as “The manner of failure”. For risk based inspection, the failure of concern is:
Loss of containment
According to API RP 580, RBI will identify whether consequence or probability of failure or both is driving the risk. When risk is driven by probability of failure, generally:
There is a potential for risk management through inspection
Items located to the right (above) of the “ISO-risk” line are:
Unacceptable and should be mitigated
The probability of failure analysis should address:
All damage mechanisms the equipment, under consideration, is susceptible to
The objective of Risk Based Inspection is to:
Direct management’s decision process of prioritizing resources to manage risk
The risk based inspection methodology is intended to:
Complement other risk-based and safety initiatives
The purpose of establishing operational boundaries is:
To identify key process parameters that may impact deterioration
RBI assessment is a team effort; the team leader is typically responsible for all of the following except:
Preparing the report and distributing it to the proper personnel
Formation of the team
Following up to assure the appropriate risk mitigation actions have been implemented
Assuring adequate funding is available
D
Utilization of RBI provides a vehicle for continuously improving the inspection of facilities and systematically reducing the risk associated with:
Pressure boundary failures
The accuracy of any type of RBI analysis depends on sound quality data and:
Knowledgeable personnel
Which of the following influences the uncertainty of the risk associated with pressure equipment primarily by improving knowledge of the deterioration state and predictability of the probability of failure?
Inspection
API RP 580 defines failure as:
loss of containment
Potential hazards identified in a Process Hazards Analysis (PHA) will often affect which part of the risk equation?
Probability of failure
Items required in a qualitative approach for RBI assessment:
Only need to be categorized into broad ranges
The key to developing an optimization program is the ability to assess the risk associated with each item of equipment and then:
Determine the most appropriate inspection techniques
Susceptibility, to deterioration, is often designated as high, medium, or low based on what two main considerations:
Environmental conditions and material of construction combination
The mode of failure primarily affects:
The magnitude of the consequences
Once a credible damage mechanism has been identified:
The associated failure mode should also be identified
Data inputs based on descriptive information using engineering judgment and experience as the basis for analysis is considered a:
Qualitative approach
RBI uses a team approach. The equipment inspector or inspection specialist is generally responsible for:
Obtaining data on the condition and history of the equipment in the study
The RBI methodology used to perform the RBI analysis should be documented so that:
It is clear what type of assessment was performed
It is important to maintain and update a RBI program to assure all of the following information is included except:
Most recent inspection
Most recent Process
Most recent maintenance
Most recent run time
D
“Methods that use engineering judgment and experience as the basis for the analysis of probabilities and consequences of failure” Definition for:
Qualitative Risk Analysis (Assessment)
RBI represents the next generation of inspection approaches and interval due date setting, recognizing that the ultimate goal of inspection is:
Safety and reliability of operating facilities
Managing risk and reducing risk results in all of the following execpt:
Improved utilization of personnel
Improved safety
Avoided loss of containment
Avoided commercial losses
A
It is advantageous to group equipment, within a process unit, into systems or circuits where common environmental operating conditions exist based all of the following except:
Metallurgy
Equipment in similar service at other locations
Process chemistry
Equipment design and operating history
B
Data quality has a direct relation to:
The relative accuracy of the RBI analysis
The consequence of loss of containment is generally evaluated as:
Loss of fluid to the environment
The primary product of a Risk Based Inspection effort should be:
An inspection plan for each equipment evaluated
The primary work products of the RBI assessment and management approach are plans that address:
ways to manage risk on equipment level
Facilities End of Life strategies focus:
inspection efforts on high risk areas
Qualified personnel should evaluate each significant change to determine the potential for change in risk. It may be to conduct a RBI assessment after significant changes in process conditions, deterioration mechanisms/rates/severities, or:
RBI Premises
Particular attention to monitoring Integrity Operating Windows (IOWs) should be provided:
During start up, significant process upsets, and shutdowns
Emergency depressurizing/de-inventory is a risk mitigation activity that:
Reduces the amount and rate of release
Some risks cannot be adequately managed by inspection alone. Examples where inspection may not be sufficient to manage risks to accepted levels include all but which of the following?
New equipment
Equipment nearing retirement
Consequence-dominated risks
Failure mechanisms where avoidance of failure primarily depends on operating within a define pressure/temperature envelope
A
Emergency isolation capability can reduce all but which of the following?
explosion
sabotage
toxic
fire
B
The probabilities of incidents generally____ with the severity of the incident.
decrease
Each type of damage mechanism has its own characteristic failure mode. For a specific damage mechanism, the expected mode of failure should be taken into account when considering:
the probability of incidents in the aftermath of an equipment failure
The probability of failure is determined by two main considerations. What are they?
Damage mechanisms and effectiveness of the inspection program
In most plants, a large percentage of the total risk will be:
concentrated on a relatively small percentage of the equipment
Who is the primary audience for API RP 580?
Inspection and engineering personnel responsible for mechanical integrity and operability of equipment covered by API RP 580
Termination of the ability of a system, structure, or component to perform its required function of containment of fluid is a definition of:
failure
In most consequence evaluation, a key element in determining the magnitude of the consequence is:
The volume of fluid released
A fitness for service analysis can be performed to determine what size flaws, if found in future inspections;
would require repair or equipment replacement
What is not considered a variable in assessing remaining life and future inspection plans?
the consequence of failure
In the RBI roles, responsibilities, and qualification discussion of API RP 580, in addition to providing sponsorship and resources for the RBI assessment, management is also responsible for:
providing the resources and follow-up system to implement the risk mitigation decisions
According to the consequence effect categories discussion of API RP 580, toxic releases are only addressed when the affect:
Personnel (site and public)
One of the most important aspects of managing risk through RBI is:
the development and use of mitigation stratergies
A fundamental difference among the qualitative, semi-qualitative, and quantitative RBI assessment approaches:
is the amount and detail of input, calculations, and output
Risk based inspection is focused on systematic determination of :
relative risks
Combining the probability of one or more events with its consequences will determine:
the risk to the operation
An effective Process Safety Management program includes:
a well structured and effective pressure equipment inspection program
Managing risks by using RBI assessment can be useful in implementing an effective inspection program that meets performance based safety and environmental requirements. Risk-based Inspection focuses:
on areas where the greatest risk exists
A/an _____ should be consulted to define the equipment damage mechanisms and potential failure modes.
corrosion specialists
One goal of risk analysis is to communicate the results:
in a common format that a variety of people can understand
When more quantitative consequence and probability data are being used, and where numeric risk values is more meaningful which of the following is used:
Risk matrix
Event Tree
Risk Plot
Risk management graph
C
In addition to identifying, monitoring, and measuring damage mechanisms, inspection also provides which of the following?
Gainful employment for inspectors
Input in the prediction of when the damage will reach a critical point.
Input to operating personnel on the best method to operate the process unit.
Input to purchasing personnel on the best vendor to purchase replacement equipment
B
Key parameters that can affect the future risk are all but which of the following?
Inspection frequency
Internal, on-stream, or external inspection
Tools and techniques
The continued current operating parameters
D
