Baylor Flashcards
What is the greatest cause of TBI in Ages > 65
Falls
What is the pathophysiology of secondary injury in TBI?
Imbalance of Ca/Na channels, increase in glutamate
- Impaired metabolism
- Enzyme activation and free radical formation
- Vascular disruption
- Inflammation and edema
- Cellular death
Most commonly affected cranial nerves in TBI
- CN I
- CN VII
- CN III
Most commonly affected cranial nerves in TBI
- CN I (olfactory)
- CN VII (facial)
- CN III (optic)
What head bleed is associated with AVM and IVH?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
When is a patient considered to be OUT of post-traumatic amnesia?
GOAT score > 75 on 2 consecutive days
Ranchos Los Amigos Scale
I - No response to visual, auditory or tactile noxious stimuli II - Generalized response III - Focal response IV - confused, agitated V - confused, inappropriate VI - confused, appropriate VII - Automatic - appropriate VIII - purposeful and appropriate
What is the goal ICP?
ICP < 20 mmHg
Whats the most common area of injury after TBI?
Frontotemporal
What are the most commonly affected areas after DAI?
Corpus callosum
Brainstem
What is a risk factor for post-traumatic seizures?
Penetrating head injury
What is the difference between post-traumatic seizure and post-traumatic epilepsy?
-Post-traumatic epilepsy is characterized by LATE seizures, while the other is immediate
What TBI complication can mimic a DVT (produce erythema, swelling)
Heterotopic Ossification
What is the gold standard diagnostic tool for HO?
Triple phase bone scan
What is the gold standard diagnostic tool for HO?
Triple phase bone scan
