Battles - Significance

Question 1

Significance of St Albans 1:

Answer 1

-Somerset (Edmund Beaufort) + Lord Clifford killed.
-Blood feuds begin.
-Strong military opposition to the King’s forces (seen as treasonous).

Question 2

Significance of Blore Heath:

Answer 2

-Lord Audley killed.
-Margaret’s forces defeated despite numerical strength.
-Damages Yorkist reputation as traitors.

Question 3

Significance of Ludford Bridge:

Answer 3

-Seem cowardly as they flee.
-refusal of pardon seems traitorous.
-Embarassing.

Question 4

Significance of Northampton:

Answer 4

-Sweeping victory despite weak state of Yorkists.
-Yorkists capture the King.
-Lord Grey defected.

Question 5

Significance of Wakefield:

Answer 5

-York + Rutland + other nobles killed.
-Salisbury later captured and beheaded.
-Loss of Yorkist figureheads BUT Edward of March steps up.

Question 6

Significance of Mortimer’s Cross:

Answer 6

-First victory for Edward of March.
-Owen Tudor captured and beheaded.
-Established Yorkist strength.

Question 7

Significance of Second St Albans:

Answer 7

-Henry VI back under Lancastrian possession.
-Lancastrian victory.

Question 8

Significance of Ferrybridge:

Answer 8

-Lord Clifford killed.
-Allowed Yorkists to meet main Lancastrian force.

Question 9

Significance of Towton:

Answer 9

-Giant forces on both sides.
-Bloodiest battle on English soil, estimated 28,000 deaths.
-Lancastrian failed retreat led to trampling and drowning.

Question 10

Significance of Hedgely Moor:

Answer 10

-Yorkist victory against Lancastrian resistence.
-Established the military prowess of Montagu + Nevilles.

Question 11

Significance of Hexham:

Answer 11

-30 senior Lancastrian deaths.
-Ends Lancastrian resistence period.
-Somerset captured and beheaded.

Question 12

Significance of Edgecote:

Answer 12

-King Edward captured by Warwick BUT later released after public discontent.
-Open defiance of Warwick and Clarence BUT later pardoned.
-Little long-term impact.
-Rebels win against Kings forces.

Question 13

Significance of Losecote Field:

Answer 13

-Warwick and Clarence’s defiance revealed again, they flee.
-Rebels crushed.

Question 14

Significance of Barnet:

Answer 14

-Warwick killed.
-Distrust in Lancastrian ranks exposed (of the Nevilles as traitors).
-Major Lancastrian opposition weakened.

Question 15

Significance of Tewkesbury:

Answer 15

-Lancastrian opposition essentially finished, no immediate alternative to the throne.
-Many killed in battle.
-Many killed after.
-Margaret surrenders and flees to France.

Question 16

Significance of Tewkesbury pt 2 - DEATHS (Lanc):

Answer 16

-John Courtenay, Earl of Devon.
-John Beaufort, Somerset’s brother.
-Edward of Lancaster (killed by Clarence).
-Some seek sanctuary in Tewkesbury Abby, put to death 2 days later (Somerset included).