Battle of Bosworth

Question 1

What date was the Battle of Bosworth? (2)

Answer 1

22nd August 1485

Question 2

How many men did Richard III have? (7)

Answer 2

10,000 men (1)
5,000 infantry (1), longbowmen 1,000 (1) cavalry 4,000 (1) artillery 4 pieces (1)
The Earl of Northumberland also brought 3,000 (1) but his loyalty was in doubt (1)

Question 3

Whom did Richard also ask for help from? (2)

Answer 3

Lord Thomas Stanley and Sir William Stanley

Question 4

Why did Richard anger Lord Stanley? (1)

Answer 4

Richard ordered his eldest son, Lord Strange, to be kidnapped in order to persuade him to fight

Question 5

Where did Richard position himself before battle? (1)

Answer 5

Ambion Hill

Question 6

What did the Stanleys do at the start of battle and why was this a problem for Richard? (2)

Answer 6

They did not join either side.

Without the Stanleys, Richard was destined for defeat

Question 7

How did Richard try to convince Lord Stanley to join him in the battle and what was Stanley’s response? (2)

Answer 7

Richard told him he would execute his son

Stanley’s reply was short “Sire, I have other sons.”

Question 8

Did Northumberland help Richard when asked for his reserve troops? (1)

Answer 8

No

Question 9

Who did Lord Stanley send his troops in to help and when? (2)

Answer 9

Henry Tudor (1), when Henry’s standard bearer was killed (1)

Question 10

What mistakes did Richard make towards the end of the battle (4)

Answer 10

Without the Stanleys and Northumberland, Richard should have given up, but he continued to fight.

He ignored his advisers who told him to run away.

He charged at Henry, who was surrounded by skilled soldiers.

He was knocked off his horse, then hacked to death.

Question 11

What happened at the end of the battle (2)

Answer 11

Lord Stanley’s whose intervention was crucial (1), crowned Henry Tudor the new Henry VII. (1)

Question 12

How many troops did Henry have?

Answer 12

5,000 - 4,000 infantry, 1,000 cavalry

Question 13

How many troops did Lord Stanley have?

Answer 13

6,000 - 4,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry

Question 14

Who commanded the Lancastrian forces? (3)

Answer 14

Henry Tudor, Earl of Oxford & Earl of Pembroke

Question 15

Who commanded the Yorkist forces? (3)

Answer 15

Richard III, Duke of Norfolk & Duke of Northumberland

Question 16

what were the causes of the battle

Answer 16

The war of the roses
Death of Edward IV
Murder of the Princes
Richard’s Controversial rule
Henry Tudor gained support

Question 17

what were the consequences of the battle

Answer 17

Death of Richard
Start of the Tudor dynasty
End of the war of the Roses and hundred years war
Marriage of Henry and Elizabeth of York

Question 18

Richard reign dates

Answer 18

1483-1485

Question 19

Henry reign dates

Answer 19

1485-1509

Question 20

why did Richard lose the battle

Answer 20

• Richard did not have support - Duke of Northumberland and Norfolk
• Richard’s bad tactics - leaving ambion hill & going to attack Henry at the end
• Richard being dumb - he put a naval blockade that forced Henry to go to France and get more troops/support
• Richards controversial rule - “Comitting infanticide and regicide”

Question 21

why did Henry win the battle

Answer 21

• Lord Stanley’s intervention - Charging at Richard’s men
• Catching Richard off guard - Charging at him at the start of the battle which led to several mistakes from Richard
• Henry invaded from Wales - His Welsh blood got him troops
• Good tactics - promising to marry Elizabeth of York and getting troops from Yorkists