Batteries Flashcards
What do batteries do?
Batteries store chemical energy and convert it into electrical energy to power devices.
How do batteries work?
Batteries operate through electrochemical reactions between the anode, cathode, and electrolyte, generating a flow of electrons.
What are the two main types of batteries?
Primary (non-rechargeable) and secondary (rechargeable).
What are examples of primary batteries?
Alkaline, zinc-carbon, and lithium batteries.
What are examples of secondary batteries?
Lithium-ion, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), and lead-acid batteries.
What are typical values associated with batteries?
Voltage (e.g., 1.5V, 9V), capacity (mAh or Ah), and chemistry type.
What is a deep-cycle battery?
A battery designed for repeated deep discharges and recharges, often used in solar power systems.
How do temperature extremes affect batteries?
High temperatures can cause leakage, while low temperatures reduce capacity.
What is a battery’s nominal voltage?
The standard voltage under typical usage conditions.
What can cause battery leakage?
Physical damage, overuse, or improper storage.
What is the function of the electrolyte in a battery?
It facilitates the chemical reactions that generate electricity.
What is battery capacity measured in?
Milliampere-hours (Ah) or ampere-hours (Ah).
What is a battery’s charge cycle?
The process of charging to full capacity and discharging completely.
What are common uses for batteries?
Portable electronics, flashlights, remote controls, and backup power supplies.
How can you extend battery life?
Avoid overcharging, deep discharging, and store in optimal conditions.
What is a battery management system (BMS)?
A system that monitors and manages battery performance for safety and efficiency.
What happens if a battery is overcharged?
It can overheat, leak, or even explode.
What are some safety risks associated with batteries?
Leakage, overheating, fire, or explosion.
What is battery energy density?
The amount of energy stored per unit volume or weight.
How do you safely dispose of batteries?
Follow local recycling and disposal regulations.
What is reverse charging in batteries?
When a battery is charged with reverse polarity, potentially causing damage.
What is the typical lifespan of a lithium-ion battery?
Around 2-3 years or 300-500 charge cycles.
What is internal resistance in a battery?
Resistance within the battery that affects efficiency and performance.
What are some signs of a failing battery?
Reduced capacity, leakage, swelling, or corrosion.
What is a common voltage for AA batteries>
1.5 volts
What is the purpose of a battery terminal?
To provide an electrical connection point for the circuit.
What is a battery’s self-discharge rate?
The rate at which a battery loses charge when not in use.
What are typical applications of lead-acid batteries?
Automotive starting, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and backup systems.
What is the main advantage of lithium-ion batteries?
High energy density and low self-discharge rate.
How do you test a battery’s health?
Measure its voltage, capacity, and internal resistance.