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BATES > Bates > Flashcards

Bates Flashcards

1
Q

Isolated Systolic Hypertension

A

Systolic =/> 140

Diastolic < 90

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2
Q

Bladder cuff

  • width: AC
  • length: AC
  • narrow: __
  • wide: ___

Heart Level = __

  • lower: __
  • higher: __

Loose Cuff: __

A

Width 40% of AC
Length 80% of AC

Narrow: false high
Wide: false low in small arm
Wide: false high in large arm

Heart Level = roughly level with the 4th interspace at its junction with the sternum
Lower: false high
Higher: false low

Loose cuff: false high

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3
Q

Auscultatory Gap

How to Estimate Systolic BP:

A

a silent interval that may be present between the systolic and the diastolic pressures.

Add 30mmHg to systolic BP measured by palpation

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4
Q

Pressure difference taken both arms of 10-15mmHg

  1. ___
  2. ___
A
  1. Subclavian Steal Syndrome

2. Aortic Dissection

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5
Q

How to intensify Korotkoff Sounds

Diseases (3)?

A
  1. Raise the patient’s arm before and while you inflate the cuff. Then lower the arm and determine the blood pressure.
  2. Inflate the cuff. Ask the patient to make a fist several times, and then determine the blood pressure.

Occlusive disease:

  • Takayasu
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Atherosclerosis
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6
Q

Orthostatic Hypertension

Drop in SBP ___
Drop in DBP ___
within ____min of standing

A

drop in
SBP =/> 20mmHg
DBP =/> 10mmHg

within 3 minutes

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7
Q

Hypertension in UE
Low BP in LE

(>5-10mmHg difference)

A

COARCTATION OF AORTA
- narrowing of thoracic aorta
usu. proximal
sometimes distal to L subclavian artery

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8
Q

Diminished or delayed femoral pulses

A

PAOD

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9
Q

Hyperpyrexia

A

above 41.1C / 106F

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10
Q

Hypothermia

A

Below 35C / 95F

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11
Q

Periods of deep breathing (hyperpnea) with periods of apnea

A

Cheyne Stoke’s Breathing

  1. HF
  2. Uremia
  3. Diencephalon Brain Damage
  4. Drug induced Respiratory Depression
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12
Q

Unpredictable irregular breathing then stops for short periods

A

Ataxic Breathing/
Biot’s Breathing

  1. Medullary Brain Damage
  2. Respiratory depression
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13
Q

Prolonged expiration

A

Obstructive airway

- narrowed airways increase the resistance to air flow

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14
Q

Violaceous patches over the eyelids?

collagen vascular disease?

A

Heliotrope

Dermatomyositis

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15
Q

A slightly but uniformly pigmented macule or patch
with irregular border, 0.5-1.5cm in diameter?

6 or more spots measuring >1.5cm suggest?

A

Cafe Au Lait Spot

Neurofibromatosis

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16
Q

Hypo- or hyper-pigmented, scaly macules

short sleeved shirt distribution
neck, trunk, upper arm

A

Tinea Versicolor

17
Q

Depigmented macules that coalesce

Face, hand, feet, extensor surfaces

A

Vitiligo

18
Q

Continuous humming/roaring murmur
in both systole and diastole without a silent interval produced by turbulence of blood in JV

Timing?
Location?

A

Venous Hum

Loudest in diastole

Located above the medial third of the clavicle, right

*common in children

19
Q

Scratchy/scraping heart sound produced by inflammation of the pericardial sac

Timing - 3 components?
Location?
Intensify when ___ (3)?

A

Pericardial Friction Rub

  1. Atrial systole
  2. Ventricular systole
  3. Ventricular diastole

Heard best at the 3rd ICS Left Parasternal

Incrase when patient leans forward
exhales
holds breath

20
Q

Continuous harsh machinery like murmur in both systole and diastole

Timing?
Location?

A

Loudest in late systole
Obscures S2
Silent interval in late diastole

Heard best at the 2nd ICS, Left Parasternal

21
Q

Murmur you’ll expect in AV fistula

A

continuous murmur (meaning both systolic and diastolic component)

22
Q

Normal pulse pressure

A

30-40mmHg

23
Q

Increased arterial pulse with a double systolic peak

Seen in ____

A

Bisferiens Pulse

Aortic Regurg/Stenosis
~HOCM

24
Q

Pulse alternates in amplitude from beat to beat even though the rhythm is basically regular

Seen in ____

A

Pulsus Alterans

LVHF

25
Q

Palpable decrease in pulse amplitude on quiet inspiration

Seen in ____

A

Pericardial tamponade

COPD/Asthma Exacerbation
~Constrictive pericarditis

26
Q

Pathologic splitting of S2

WIDE
delayed closure of pulmonic valve
1.
2.

WIDE
early closure of aortic valve
3.

FIXED (wide, does not vary with respiration)

PARADOXICAL (reversed, expiratory)
delayed closure of aortic valve so that A2 follows P2 in expiration
6.

A
  1. Pulmonic Stenosis
  2. RBBB
  3. Mitral Regurgitation
  4. ASD
  5. RV HF
  6. LBBB
27
Q

(Mid- or Late) Systolic clicks are usually caused by ____

A

MVP
- abnormal systolic ballooning of part of the mitral valve into the let atrium from both leaflet redundancy and elongation of the chordae tendinae

BATES (1 decks)

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