Basta capstone

Question 1

driven by a scientist’s curiosity or interest in a specific question. The main motivation to expand man’s knowledge, not to create or invent something. There is no obvious commercial value to the discoveries that result from basic research.

Answer 1

Basic (aka fundamental or pure) research

Question 2

basic science investigations probe for answers to questions such as:

Answer 2

• How did the universe begin?
  -What are protons, neutrons, and electrons composed of?
• How do slime molds reproduce?
• What is the specific genetic code of the fruit fly?

Question 3

designed to solve practical problems of the modern world, rather that to acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake. One might say that the goal of the applied scientist is to improve the human condition.

Answer 3

Applied Research

Question 4

This trend, they feel, is necessitated by the problems resulting from global population, pollution, and the overuse of the earth’s natural resources

Answer 4

Applied Research

Question 5

Fundamental understanding of all branches of science is needed in order for progress to take place. Lays down the foundation for the applied science that follows.

Answer 5

Basic Research

Question 6

a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question.

Answer 6

Literature Review

Question 7

Main purpose of literature review

Answer 7

Show how your study is relevant and how it can fill the gaps of found literatures. When there is now new information encountered, researcher may stop and focus on the found literatures to review.

Question 8

Characteristic of a good literature review

Answer 8

• Emphasizes critique and synthesis of the work of others that is related to your own research problem
• Begins with broad/general information, then narrows the focus to those studies most closely related to the research problem
• Formulated before or during the formulation of research problem as reading literature helps you to find gaps to fill

Question 9

What to avoid when writing lit rev?

Answer 9

• Be limited to work coming out of the very best universities
• formulated after research problem has been articulated or after data has been collected and analayzed
• contains highly detailed descriptions of each work being reviewed
• Begins with those studies most closely related to the research problem

Question 10

contains first-hand information meaning that you are reading the author’s own account on a specific topic or event that s/he participated in

Answer 10

Primary Sources of Literature

Question 11

Examples of Primary source

Answer 11

original documents such as diaries, speeches, manuscripts, letter, interviews, records, eyewitness accounts, autobiographies

Question 12

describe, summarize, or discuss information or details originally presented in another source; meaning the author, in most cases, did not participate in the event.

Answer 12

Secondary source of literature

Question 13

This type of source is written for a broad audience and will include definitions of discipline specific terms, history relating to the topic, significant theories and principles, and summaries of major studies/events as related to the topic

Answer 13

Secondary source of literature

Question 14

examples of secondary source

Answer 14

publications such as text books, magazine articles, book reviews, commentaries, encyclopedias, almanacs.
annual reviews (scientific reviewed articles, scholarly article reviews)
credo reference (encyclopedias, dictionaries, handbooks & more)

Question 15

Tools for citing literature

Answer 15

Quoting
Summarizing
Paraphrasing

Question 16

writing exact words used by the source in shorten manner to emphasize argument

Answer 16

Quoting

Question 17

narrow down a text and highlight its main arguments

Answer 17

summarizing

Question 18

use of different words to present understanding but with the same idea form the original text

Answer 18

Paraphrasing

Question 19

states the absence of relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Answer 19

Null hypothesis

Question 20

a statement to disprove the fact that the independent variable (treatment, intervention, or condition) has an effect on the dependent variable.

Answer 20

null hypothesis

Question 21

Opposite of null hypothesis. the relationship between the independent and dependent variables and the fact that the first affects the second one.

Answer 21

Alternative hypothesis

Question 22

A hypothesis that is based on existing theory to explain the relationship of variables and the effects of one variable on the other variables

Answer 22

Theory-driven

Question 23

based on the findings of previous research studies

Answer 23

data-driven hypotheses

Question 24

state the relationship of two variables as well as of the relationship of theses variables.

Answer 24

Directional (one-tailed)

Question 25

state the relationship of variables but not on the direction of the relationship.

Answer 25

Non-directional (two-tailed) hypotheses

Question 26

example of Directional hypothesis

Answer 26

effect of fertilizer to plant x in terms of number of leaves/flowers, height, fruit

Question 27

Example of Non Directional hypothesis

Answer 27

effect of fertilizer on the growth of plant x (no specification)

Question 28

A statement specifying the relationship between two variables due to the influence of something is a descriptive hypothesis; due to cause-effect relationship

Answer 28

Casual hypotheses

Question 29

True-experimental or quasi-experimental research such as a correlation study uses...

Answer 29

Casual hypotheses

Question 30

Non experimental research uses...

Answer 30

Descriptive hypotheses

Question 31

path through which researchers need to conduct their research.

Answer 31

Research Methodology

Question 32

Planned carefully to address the objectives of the study.

Answer 32

Research Design

Question 33

Shows the path through which these researchers formulate their problem and objective and present their result from the data obtained during the study period

Answer 33

Research Methodology

Question 34

Refers to the overall strategy that you choose to integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will effectively address the research problem.

Answer 34

Research Design

Question 35

First seen on the minds of the researchers before they carry out and plan their procedures.

Answer 35

Research Design

Question 36

In research process, the core content are the following:

Answer 36

Introduction Literature review Research Methodology Results Conclusion

Question 37

Some of the common designs/data gathering used are:

Answer 37

Correlation Experimental Interview Naturalistic observation Questionnaire survey

Question 38

Statistical technique-measures strength of relationship between variables

Answer 38

Correlation

Question 39

An independent variable is manipulated while others controlled, to see effects on a dependent variable

Answer 39

Experimental

Question 40

Used to gain in-depth information and individual views

Answer 40

Interview

Question 41

Watching behavior, as it occurs spontaneously, in a natural setting.

Answer 41

Naturalistic Observation

Question 42

A snapshot of large number of people's attitudes, opinions or behavior.

Answer 42

Questionnaire survey

Question 43

Main purpose of lit rev

Answer 43

Show how your study is related to, and extends to fill the gap in the field

Question 44

true about a good summary

Answer 44

emphasizes main arguments from the text uses your own words to explain ideas from the text only contains ideas that are mentioned in the original text

Question 45

Research that is not applied to a specific social problem

Answer 45

Basic Research

Question 46

Characteristics of Research Problem

Answer 46

Clear, concise, specific

Question 47

Mathematical formula for hypothesis

Answer 47

Z=X-U/(SD/√n)