Basics of Radiobiology Flashcards
The amount of exposure and rate at which the radiation is delivered is known as:
Dose-rate
The response or effect of radiation on germ or sex cells is known as:
Genetic effect
The most important molecule in the body is the:
DNA
It controls metabolic functions such as heredity
The most radiosensitive cells in the body include:
Lymphocytes
These cells are non-mature and they will weaken the immune system
The most sensitive tissue in the gastrointestinal system is found in the:
Small intestine
It produces and harvests most of our white blood cells which fight off infection
What are the most radioactive resistant cells in the body?
Muscle cells and nerve cells
What is the early effect?
Immediate, short term effects
What is the late effect?
Long term, delayed effects
What is the somatic effect?
Effect of all cells. Radiation can cause a change in somatic cells which causes cancer
Exposure to the male and female reproductive system results in permanent sterility at:
500 rads. This is permanent
Exposure to the male and female reproductive system at 10 rads will cause:
A reduction of sperm count
Exposure to the male and female reproductive system at 100 rads will:
Recover in time
Which of the following is considered a late or delayed effect of radiation exposure?
A. Erythema
B. Desquamation
C. Epilation
D. Cataracts
D. Cataracts
They occur at 10 months to 3-5 years
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. As the rate of cell division increases, radio sensitivity increases
B. Specialized or differentiated cells are more sensitive
C. Cells with a high metabolic activity are more sensitive
D. Immature or stem cells are more sensitive
B. Specialized or differentiated cells are more sensitive
Sickness and death due to a single dose of between 1000 and 5000 rads is called
Gastrointestinal syndrome
What does gastrointestinal syndrome cause?
Nausea, vomiting, fever, and death within 3 days to 2 weeks
What is the dose of radiation required for hematopoietic syndrome?
200 to 1000 rads
What does hematopoietic syndrome cause?
Fever, fatigue, and death within 3 weeks to 2 months
What is the dose of radiation required for central nervous system syndrome?
5000 rads
What does central nervous system syndrome cause?
Tremors and death within 2 days
The initial phase of acute radiation syndrome immediately after exposure is called the:
Prodromal phase
What is the 2nd phase of acute radiation syndrome?
Latent phase
What is the 3rd phase of acute radiation syndrome that can reappear?
Manifest phase
