Basics of Electronic Components and Devices Flashcards
Electronic Component:
Any _ _ that goes into an _ _
Examples of components are r,c,and i
Identifiable part; electronic system
Resistors, capacitors, and inductors
Electronic Device:
Performs a more _ _ than a plain component does
Complex function
Component:
Usually specified by only _ _ _
For example, the resistance for resistor
One component value
Device:
Often must be characterized by _ _ in order to p_ their _ adequately in an equivalent-circuit model
Example is _ a three terminal device
Several parameters; predict their behavior
Transistors
To model a circuit means..
To create a mathematical structure that models or imitates the way the actual circuit will perform when built
Proprietary (payment needed) circuit simulation software packages:
PSpice
NI Multisim
What are the passive components? There are 6
Resistors
Capacitors
Inductors
Transformers
Connectors
Antennas
Resistor:
Regulate the _ _.
A _ element
Took the form of long piece of sheet _ _ into a _ shape
Output voltage
Resistive
Iron bent; zigzag shape
Two types of Capacitors
Nonelectrolytic and Electrolytic
Nonelectrolytic Capacitors:
Consists of _ _ _ or coatings separated by a _ (insulator)
It has n_ p_ or n_ p_ and can be _ (terminals _)
Capacitors have values _ than _uF
Capacitance Values:
Directly proportional to the _ _ of the _
Inversely proportional to the _ _
Two conductive plates; dielectric
No polarity; not polarized; reversed; exchanged
Less than 1uF
Surface area of the dielectric
Dielectric’s thickness
Electrolytic Capacitors:
Made by separating _ _ _ of aluminum or tantalum
Can show extremely _ _ _ ranging from _uF up to _
It has _
Two conductive sheets
Large capacitance values; 1uF to mF
(With) Polarity
Inductors:
_ _ in a magnetic field
Consist of many _ (loops) of insulated _ wound around a central core
Components tend to be b_, h_, and e_
_ choice for application
Store energy
Turns; wire
Bulky, heavy, expensive
Best
Core of inductors are h_ or so-called - _
Hollow; air-core coil
Transformers:
Simply _ with _ than _ _
Frequently used in _ _
Inductors; more than one winding
Power supplies
Special type of transformer
Uses a single winding with one or more taps
Autotransformer
Point where the wire in one winding is brought out of the coil to a terminal and then returns into the winding to continue where it left off
Tap
Connectors:
Used in nearly all _ _
Allow _ _ of the _ into a _ _
Its design and function are _ to the operation of the _
Electronic systems
Convenient assembly of the subsystems into a finished unit
Essential; system
Common types of connectors
Pin header
9-pin D-sub
Phono
BNC
USB
IDC
(But on the ppt, it’s IDP)
Insulation Displacement Connectors
Sharp-edged receptacles that connect to all the conductors of the ribbon cable in one operation
IDC
USB
Universal Serial Bus
Antennas:
Provides an _ between an _ _ consisting of _ that are specially designed to carry - signals (_ _)
Have physical _ that are _ to the _ of the e_
wave that is transmitted
Have two variaties: _ and _
Interface; electrical circuit; conductors; high-frequency. (Transmission lines)
Dimensions; comparable; wavelength; electromagnetic
Balanced and Unbalanced
Displays a single impedance between its sole input terminal and its ground terminal
Unbalanced Antenna
Presents equal impedance from its terminals to a third ground terminal
Balanced antenna
A device for converting a balanced antenna to unbalanced (or vice versa)
Balun
Active Devices:
Diodes denote any - device.
A device that passes _ more easily in _direction than the other
Two-terminal
Current; one
Active Devices:
Process low-to medium- power signals
Signal diodes
Active Devices:
Used in power supplies or medium to high power applications
Rectifier Diodes
Active Devices:
Designed to emit light
Light-Emitting Diodes
Active Devices:
Subcategory of LEDs
Solid-state laser that behave _ like _
Laser Diodes
Electronically; diodes
Active Devices:
Designed to detect rather than emit light
Photodiode
Active Devices:
Used for voltage regulation and references
Zener Diodes
Signal Diodes:
Used for such applications as _ and _ signals
Detecting and limiting
Forward-bias Voltage:
- Anode (arrow) is made more _ than the cathode (bar)
- Inshort, anode is more _ than its cathode
- Simplied equivalent circuit consist of voltage source Vfb in _ with a _ Rs
Positive
Positive
Series; resistance/resistor
Reversed-Bias Voltage:
The cathode (bar) is more _ than the anode.
Its simplified equivalent circuit is simply a _ Cj.
Positive
Capacitance
Silicon Diodes
VFB =
0.6-0.7V
Germanium Diodes
VFB =
0.3V
Silicon Carbide
VFB =
0.9V
Gallium Arsenide
VFB =
1.6 - 2.0V
Special type of diode
Have a very short turnoff time
Schottky diode
Rectifier Diode:
Handle _ _ and _ _
Often called upon to conduct _ amounts of _ _ IF
Higher current and voltage levels
Large; forward current
Reversed breakdown voltage (VR)
The reverse-bias voltage that may cause the device to conduct a very _ _ that, if not limited by the _ _ will overheat and destroy it
Large current
External circuit
LED
Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
LED:
When did the LEDs became commercially available?
Much more efficient than _ _
Used solely in the _ _ mode
Light output is _ _ to the applied current
1960
Incandescent lamp
Forward bias
Directly proportional
Photodiodes:
_ _ of a certain wavelength range
Range that photodiodes operate well?
Operate in _ _ voltage
Current is __ to light intensity
Detect light
800 and 1600nm
Reverse-bias
Proportional
Zener diodes:
Undergo (nondestructive) _ at a specific voltage
Used primarily as _ _ in circuits
Used in _ bias, with cathode more _ than the anode
Breakdown
Voltage reference
Reverse; positive
FET
Field Effect Transistor
FET is developed as early as
1920s
FET terminals
Hint: D, G, S
The complete name for this particular FET is an ____
Drain, Gate, Source
N-channel enhancement-mode MOSFET
Transistor:
Coined by _ Laboratories researcher _ _ _
Bell
John R. Pierce
Pierce’s Bell Labs Colleagues
William Shockley
Walter Brattain
John Bardeen
1948
Useful electronic amplifying device
Most miniaturized just to warm enough to be operational
Vacuum Tube
Earliest commercial transistor
Point-Contact Transistors
Point-Contact Transistors:
The connections to them were made via two wire points, the _ and _ electrodes
Emitter and collector
There’s a large variety of transistor types, what are the two broad categories?
Field-Effect Transistors (FET)
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT)
BJT
Bipolar Junction Transistors
Transistor:
_ terminal device
Allow physical _ of _ and _ circuits
One terminal is for _ signal, one for _ signal and the last one is to be shared as a _ or _ terminal
Three
Separation; input and output
Input, output, common or ground
MOS
Metal Oxide Semiconductor
MOS:
An __ device does _ _ _ through its channel until a suitable _ voltage is applied with respect to the _ terminal
Enhancement-mode
Not conduct current
Gate
Source
The particular value of VGS that just initiates current flow throught the channel
Threshold Voltage (VT)
Unit: S
Siemens
CMOS
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
