Basics of DNA Flashcards
1
Q
euchromatin
A
When a gene needs to be transcribed, the DNA uncoils a bit from the nucleosome, and this active region is referred to as euchromatin
2
Q
histones
A
proteins that DNA coils around
3
Q
nucleosome
A
the coiled DNA and the histone
4
Q
chromosome
A
the nucleosomes coil together and form the chromosome
5
Q
nucleotides
A
- basic building blocks of DNA
- made up of deoxyribose and ATGC
6
Q
how are nucleotides linked to one another
A
phosphodiester bonds link them together to form a strand of DNA
7
Q
how do complementary strands of DNA bond together
A
- hydrogen bonding forms the double helix of DNA
- A-T bonds are easier to break because they have less hydrogen bonds
8
Q
Where does transcription takr place and why
A
- Covalent phosphodiester bonds are hard to break compared to hydrogen bonds.
- It will occur at the hydrogen bonds, due to ease of breaking
