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Cosmetology Gr. 11 > Basics of Chemistry > Flashcards

Basics of Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

A substance that has a pH below 7.0 is considered to be ______.

A

Acidic

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2
Q

The _________ is the smallest chemical component of an element.

A

Atom

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3
Q

Inorganic chemistry is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain which element?

A

Hydrogen

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4
Q

Unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid are _______

A

Suspensions

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5
Q

Characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not involve a chemical change in the substance are _________.

A

Physical properties

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6
Q

Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) are derived from ______ and used in the salon to exfoliate the skin and to help adjust the pH of certain products.

A

Plants

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7
Q

Which of these is NOT composed of organic chemicals?

A

Minerals

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8
Q

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances without a loss of identity is ______.

A

An element

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9
Q

Alkanolamines are often used in place of ammonia because they _______

A

Produce less odor

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10
Q

Rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light is _______

A

Combustion

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11
Q

Chemically combining two or more atoms in definite proportion forms __________

A

a molecule

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12
Q

A physical combination of matter in definite proportions is a(n) ____

A

pure substance

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13
Q

Chemical reactions that release a significant amount of heat under certain circumstances are _______

A

exothermic

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14
Q

A(n) ____ is a substance dissolved into a solution

A

solute

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15
Q

An oxidizing agent is a substance that releases ______

A

Oxygen

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16
Q

Water-in-oil emulsions feel _____ than oil-in-water emulsions.

A

Greasier

17
Q

An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is called an _______.

A

Ion

18
Q

Elemental molecules contain two or more _______ of the same element in definite proportions.

A

atoms

19
Q

The term “logarithm” means multiples of _______.

A

10

20
Q

Volatile organic compounds contain _________ and evaporate very easily.

A

Carbon

21
Q

A(n) ____________ is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent.

A

Solution

22
Q

An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances plus a special ingredient is _________.

A

an emulsion

23
Q

The chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide is __________.

A

oxidation

24
Q

Liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions are considered ________.

A

immiscible

25
Q

A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions is a _________.

A

pure substance

26
Q

Chemical reactions that release a significant amount of heat under certain circumstances are __________.

A

exothermic

27
Q

Vapor is __________ that has evaporated into a gas-like state.

A

a liquid

28
Q

A substance that allows oil and water to mix or emulsify is ________.

A

a surfactant

29
Q

Any substance that occupies space and has mass is ________

A

matter

30
Q

The glitter in nail polish that can separate from the polish is an example of __________.

A

a suspension

31
Q

The tail of a surfactant molecule is oil-loving or

A

lipophilic

32
Q

The ingredient used to raise the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft is _______.

A

ammonia

33
Q

A pure substance is a chemical combination of matter in______

A

fixed

34
Q

Characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance are _____

A

chemical properties

35
Q

A chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time is ________

A

redox

Cosmetology Gr. 11 (1 decks)

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