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AQA- A Level English Language > Basics- Key Terms > Flashcards

Basics- Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Context?

A

Information that gives detail and aids understanding.

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2
Q

What is Mode?

A

It identifies whether something is written, spoken, or both.

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3
Q

What is Genre?

A

What form it is, such as a letter, an article etc.

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4
Q

What is the Audience?

A

Who recieves the text, who it s aimed at.

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5
Q

What is the purpose?

A

Why something is made.

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6
Q

Where should MRGCAP be used?

A

It should be used as the introduction in essays for texts.

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7
Q

What are meanings?

A

Meanings are messages that are communicated. They are never fixed and are negotiated between a text producer and reciever.

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8
Q

What is a representation?

A

The description or portrayal of someone or somethinig in a particular way.

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9
Q

What is Phonology?

A

The conceptual study of sounds (meanings)

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10
Q

What is Phonetics?

A

The actual sound and how they are made.

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11
Q

How many phonological sounds are there in the English Language?

A

44

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12
Q

What are phonemes?

A

Basic units of sound, which are constructed and make a word.

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13
Q

What is Prosodics?

A

Features of sound, but not individual sound, eg speed pitch etc.

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14
Q

What is Paralanguage?

A

Refers to things like voice quality and vocal effects eg laughing, eye contact. Physical features of sound.

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15
Q

What is Alliteration?

A

Where two or more consecutive words start with the same letter.

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16
Q

What is Assonance?

A

The repetition of vowels in words.

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17
Q

What is Consonance?

A

The repetition of consonants.

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18
Q

What letters are Plosives?

A

b,p,t,d,k,g

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19
Q

What makes plosives sound the way they are and what can you infer from the use of them?

A

No air flow, it is blocked. They are harsh, strong sounds.

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20
Q

What letters are fricatives?

A

f,v,s,c,sh

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21
Q

What makes fricatives sound the way they do and what can you infer from the use of them?

A

They allow air flow, are much softer sounds.

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22
Q

What letters are affricatives?

A

ch,jd (judge)

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23
Q

What makes affricatives sound the way they do and what can you infer from the use of them?

A

They sound sharp edged, usually attention grabbing and emphasised.

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24
Q

What letters are Nasals?

A

m,n,ng

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25
Q

What makes Nasals sound the way they do?

A

They are created around the nasal cavity.

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26
Q

What letters are Approximants?

A

r,j,w

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27
Q

What does it mean to be foregrounded?

A

It is the consonant group that is most used in something. Always consider what effect it has.

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28
Q

What is Lexis?

A

An elevated term used for vocabulary?

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29
Q

What are Proper Nouns?

A

Capitalized words for names, places etc, eg New York.

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30
Q

What are Collective Nouns?

A

Nouns to describe a group, eg team.

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31
Q

What are Common Nouns?

A

Nouns for general words, are not capitalized, eg cookie.

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32
Q

What are Concrete Nouns?

A

Nouns for things you interact with, eg dishwasher.

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33
Q

What are Abstract Nouns?

A

Nouns for things you cannot interact with or see, eg joy or happiness.

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34
Q

What are Adjectives?

A

Words describing something else.

35
Q

What are Comparative Adjectives?

A

An elevated version of the base form of an adjective eg hotter.

36
Q

What are Qualitative Adjectives?

A

Adjectives in their base form eg hot

37
Q

What are Superlative Adjectives?

A

Adjectives in their best form, eg hottest.

38
Q

What are Main Verbs?

A

The meaning related to actions, events and states.

39
Q

What are Modal Verbs?

A

Verbs for possibility and certainty such as could, would, should, will

40
Q

What are Auxiliary Verbs?

A

Used in conjucntion with a Main Verb, changes the tense, eg to be, to do, to have.

41
Q

What is an Adverb?

A

When something is done or happens eg yesterday.

42
Q

What is an Adverb of Preposition?

A

Tells us where something is done.

43
Q

What is an Adverb of Frequency?

A

How often something is done, eg seldom,always,rarely.

44
Q

What is an Adverb of Degree?

A

Intensity of something eg too, enough,intensely, extremely.

45
Q

What are pronouns?

A

They take place of a noun

46
Q

What is a possessive pronoun?

A

mine,yours, his,hers,theirs,ours

47
Q

What is a reflective pronoun?

A

myself,yourself,himself, herself

48
Q

What is a reciprocal pronoun?

A

each other, one another

49
Q

What is a demonstrative pronoun?

A

time and space: near, these, this, that, those

50
Q

What is an interrogative?

A

What, which, who, whom, whose?

51
Q

What is an indefinite pronoun?

A

Anybody,anyone,any, either, nobody, someone

52
Q

What is the register?

A

How high level something is in terms of vocabulary, what kind of reading age would it suit?

53
Q

What is the frequency?

A

Words of high frequency, words you see commonly, words fo low frequency are words you see less frequently.

54
Q

What is formality?

A

How formal something is.

55
Q

What does it mean if something is monosyllabic?

A

When a word has one syllable.

56
Q

What does it mean if something is bisyllabic?

A

When a word has two syllables/

57
Q

What does it mean if a word is polysyllabic?

A

When a word has 3 or more syllables?

58
Q

What is the difference between a lexical and a semantic field?

A

A lexical field is words that tend to be more clsoely linked where as a semantic field is usually of words that can be more closely interpreted.

59
Q

What are connotations?

A

What you infer from the use of a word in context.

60
Q

What is a dentoation?

A

A dictionary definition of a word?

61
Q

What is jargon?

A

Lexis that is specific to an occupation, you need to have knowledge on the subject to be able to understand.

62
Q

What does it mean if its colloquial?

A

Informal, in everyday communication

63
Q

What is slang?

A

a type of language consisting of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people.

64
Q

What is dialect lexis?

A

Lexis assosciated with a geographical area.

65
Q

What is taboo lexis?

A

Language like swearing. Informal and usually unprofessional.

66
Q

What does it mean if language is regarded as “archaic”?

A

Language that is not used anymore,extinct.

67
Q

What are conjunctions?

A

for,and,but,so etc, connect clauses.

68
Q

What are subordiate conjunctions?

A

because although,while

69
Q

What are neologisms?

A

Words that are new and created, in the last 20 years?

70
Q

What are contractions?

A

When words are shortened and an apostrophe used, such as don’t or can’t.

71
Q

What is a collocation?

A

Words you expect to see together, eg old and man

72
Q

What is a Euphemism?

A

a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.

73
Q

What is a metaphor?

A

A metaphor is a figure of speech that, for rhetorical effect, directly refers to one thing by mentioning another.

74
Q

What is grammar?

A

It is an umbrella term for punctuation, sentence structures etc.

75
Q

What is syntax?

A

A set of rules governing how we construct sentences

76
Q

What is a word class?

A

The way we class words into different categories; eg adjectives, verbs

77
Q

What is morphology?

A

The breakdown of words, their internal structure.

78
Q

What is a compound sentence?

A

A sentence with more than one clause, but both are equally important.

79
Q

What is a complex sentence?

A

A sentence where one clause is subordinate to the other, the main clause.

80
Q

What is a simple sentence?

A

A sentence with just one clause.

81
Q

What is a multiple sentence?

A

A sentence with more than one clause.

82
Q

What is phrasal expansion?

A

Expansion of a phrase with a pre modifier, adverbial etc.

83
Q

What is in a compound sentence?

A

Two clauses are joined with a coordinating connective.

84
Q

What is a morhpheme?

A

They are the smallest grammatical building blocks of language.

AQA- A Level English Language (1 decks)

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