Basics for Pollution Investigation Flashcards
1
Q
What are the Sock, Pillow, and Sweep dimensions and uses?
A
- Pillows are sorbent materials enclosed in a small sack
- Sweeps are long sheets of sorbent material, reinforced with rope/stitching.
- Uses are similar to Pads and rolls.
2
Q
What is OPA 90
A
- 1990 - Exxon Valdez - OSLTF through the NPFC - FOSCR Authority to designate RPs - Established Strike Teams
3
Q
What are inland waters?
A
- 33 C.F.R. (Subpart B) 2.28 - Waters shoreward of the Territorial Sea baseline.
4
Q
What are sorbent boom dimensions and appropriate uses?
A
- Cylindrical shaped, deployed like boom.
- Absorb and contain oil
- Good with thin films of oil
- Can protect sheltered areas
- Disposable
5
Q
What is tow booming?
A
- Boom pulled by two boats, usually at less than one knot
- U-Booming- Vessels tow boom in a u configuration downstream, holding position, or moving upstream ( must maintain a width at least 1/3 of boom length)
- V-Booming - Vessels form a v shape with the use of a tie in
- J-Booming - Two vessels and a skimmer are used in a j configuration, diverting the oil to allow for simultanious containment and recovery
6
Q
What are the different type of evidences you can collect?
A
- Documentation- NOFIs, witness statements - Physical - Photographs, physical items - Oil Samples - oil, soil
7
Q
What is a Navigable Waterway?
A
- 40 C.F.R. 300.5 - (1) For purposes of the Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. 1251et seq. and its implementing regulations, subject to the exclusions in paragraph (2) of this definition, the term “waters of the United States” means: (i) All waters which are currently used, were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide; (ii) All interstate waters, including interstate wetlands; (iii) The territorial seas; (iv) All impoundments of waters otherwise identified as waters of the United States under this section; (v) All tributaries, as defined in paragraph (3)(iii) of this definition, of waters identified in paragraphs (1)(i) through (iii) of this definition; (vi) All waters adjacent to a water identified in paragraphs (1)(i) through (v) of this definition, including wetlands, ponds, lakes, oxbows, impoundments, and similar waters;
8
Q
What are Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons?
A
- They are formed during the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Commonly found in smoke, coal gas and coke manufacture. - Carcinogens.
9
Q
Oxygen enriching atmosphere?
A
- Leaking oxygen hoses - Increased chances of explosion
10
Q
What are the most common types of oil and hazardous materials in your AOR?
A
- Crude Oil
- Sour - contains the impurity sulfur(>.5%). Toxic and corrosive. Rotten egg smell. High leverl of hydrogen sulfide can be instantly fatal.
- Sweet - contains small amounts of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.
11
Q
What is the process of processing oil samples?
A
- MISLE - MSL
12
Q
What is a weir skimmer?
A
Skims oil of the surface of the water into the weir where it collects and is pumped or suction to containment. - Advantages - suitable for shallow water; simple/reliable; easily deployable. - Disadvantages - Can be clogged by debris; does not recover high viscous oil; Centrifugal pumps may cause emulsion.
13
Q
What is a Notice of Federal Interest?
A
- CG - 5549 - Issued to any potential RP - Notifies of the potential penalties under the FWPCA
- Maximum penalty of $40k per day or up to 3 times the amount incurred by the OSLTF
14
Q
Oil Record Book?
A
- Oil Tanker 150 GT or more: Vessels 400 GT or more shall carry an Oil Record Book Part 1 - Oil Tanker 150 GT or more and none Oil Tanker with 200 cubic meters or more of oil in bulk must have an Oil Record Book 2. - Record of oil transfers and discharges within the vessel.
15
Q
What are the different types of enforcement options?
A
- LOW - NOV - Civil Penalty I and II - Criminal
16
Q
What is a submersion skimmer?
A
- Oil in the path of the vessel is forced under the surface where it is collected in a containment; the oil rises to the top and is contained ant the water passes through.
17
Q
Where are Responsible Party cleanup responsibilities listed?
A
- 33 C.F.R. 153.305 -) Use to the maximum extent possible mechanical methods and sorbents that: (1) Most effectively expedite removal of the discharged oil; and (2) Minimize secondary pollution from the removal operations; Note: The Federal OSC is authorized by the provisions of the National Contingency Plan to require or deny the use of specific mechanical methods and sorbents. Sorbent selection considerations of the OSC include hydrographic and meteorological conditions, characteristics of the sorbent, and availability of a mechanical method for containment and recovery. (b) Control the source of discharge, prevent further discharges, and halt or slow the spread of the discharge by mechanical methods or sorbents or both to the maximum extent possible; (c) Recover the discharged oil from the water or adjoining shorelines by mechanical or manual methods or both to the maximum extent possible; (d) Use chemical agents only in accordance with the provisions of Subpart H of the National Contingency Plan and with the prior approval of the Federal OSC; and (e) Dispose of recovered oil and oil contaminated materials in accordance with applicable State and local government procedures.
18
Q
What is a Hazard Class?
A
- 49 C.F.R. 171.8. Hazard class means the category of hazard assigned to a hazardous material under the definitional criteria of part 173 of this subchapter and the provisions of the 172.101 table. A material may meet the defining criteria for more than one hazard class but is assigned to only one hazard class.
19
Q
What is a hazardous substance?
A
- 40 C.F.R. 302.4 and 40 C.F.R. 116.4 - Any substance designated or listed under (A) through (D) of this definition, exposure to which results or may result in adverse effects on the health or safety of employees: [A] Any substance defined under section 103(14) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (42 U.S.C. 9601). 40 CFR 300.5 [B] Any biologic agent and other disease causing agent which after release into the environment and upon exposure, ingestion, inhalation, or assimilation into any person, either directly from the environment or indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will or may reasonably be anticipated to cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutation, physiological malfunctions (including malfunctions in reproduction) or physical deformations in such persons or their offspring. [C] Any substance listed by the U.S. Department of Transportation as hazardous materials under 49 CFR 172.101 and appendices; and [D] Hazardous waste as herein defined.
20
Q
What are the components of boom?
A
- Exxon 5 - Freeboard - Draft - flotation - Waterline - Tension Member, - Ballast -Skirt - Anchor - Retrieval Line - Chain
21
Q
What are the approved levels of oxygen for a safe work environment?
A
- WMD-m-10065 Coast Guard Gas Alert Quattro Manual - 19.5 - 22%
22
Q
What is organic sorbent?
A
- Peat Moss - Straw - Saw Dust - Feathers
23
Q
What is olephilic skimmer?
A
- Drum - disc - rope - mop - sorbent lifting belt and brush
24
Q
What must happen when a licensed merchant mariner is involved.
A
- Investigations must be notified
25
What is a simple weir skimmer?
- Oil flows over a simple wier lip and is collected in a sump.
26
What is the training requirements for HMS?
- Provide support to HMT with specific knowledge - 25 hours of training
27
What is reactivity?
- A substances ability to undergo a chemical reaction wither by itself or with another substance.
28
What is the definition of a discharge?
40 CFR 300.5 - includes, but is not limited to, any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, or dumping of oil, but excludes discharges in compliance with a permit under section 402 of the CWA, discharges resulting from circumstances identified and reviewed and made a part of the public record with respect to a permit issued or modified under section 402 of the CWA, and subject to a condition in such permit, or continuous or anticipated intermittent discharges from a point source, identified in a permit or permit application under section 402 of the CWA, that are caused by events occurring within the scope of relevant operating or treatment systems. For purposes of the NCP, discharge also means substantial threat of discharge.
29
Where do we get the authority for COTP?
- 33 CFR 6(Protection and security of vessels) - 33 C.F.F. 160(Ports and Waterways Safety)
30
What is a reportable quantity?
- 40 C.F.R. 302.(CERCLA), 117.3(FWPCA) any quantity, as set forth in this part, the release of which requires notification.
31
How do you handle oil samples?
- Must have accurate and detailed Chain of Custody - Must be kept cool if not sent immediately. - Should not be frozen (40-42) degrees. (CG Transmittal Guide)
32
What is oil?
- A viscous liquid derived from petroleum, especially for use as a fuel or lubricant.
- Petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with waste.
33
What are some hazards during responses?
- Noise(Hearing protection above 85 decibels)
- Slips, Trips, and Falls
- Wear rubber soled boots
- Make path obstructions visible with signs
- Overhead Hazards ( Wear hard hats)
- Atmospheric Deficiencies ( 4 gas meters)
- HAZMAT ( Careful of the HAZMAT classes)
- Weather ( Wear appropriate PPE when weather minimums are breached.
34
What is an advancing weir skimmer?
- A weir lip is advanced through the oil slick.
- Some models may use water jets to increase water and oil flow
- Some models use impellers.
35
What are the NOV discharge limits?
- Harmful quantity - 1K gallons -
36
What are the hazards of H2S(Hydrogen Sulfide)?
- A by-product of oil refininf and natural emission from rotting organic matter. Smells like rotten eggs, highly flammable, strong irritant to eys and mucous membranes.
37
What is the admin order regulation?
- 33 C.F.R. 1.01-80
38
What is the Coastal Zone?
- 40 C.F.R 300.5 -for the purpose of the NCP, means all United States waters subject to the tide, United States waters of the Great Lakes, specified ports and harbors on inland rivers, waters of the contiguous zone, other waters of the high seas subject to the NCP, and the land surface or land substrata, ground waters, and ambient air proximal to those waters. The term coastal zone delineates an area of federal responsibility for response action. Precise boundaries are determined by EPA/USCG agreements and identified in federal regional contingency plans.
39
What are the Pad, Roll, and Blanket dimensions and uses?
- Sheets of sorbent material, can be in long sheets or in pads.
- Good for confined areas
- May be reused if wrung out.
- Rolls can be cut to an optimal length and used to cover walkways, and areas that aren't contaminated or have been previously cleaned.
40
What is a physical barrier?
- Earthen berms, trenches or filter fences - Can use an under/overflow dam for water flow.
41
What do you do if an LOW is declined?
- Next level of enforcement - MSM Vol 5
42
What is a Criminal Penalty?
- May based on significant harm to the environment an culpability - Significant harm may be based on: - Actual Harm - Threat of significant harm - Failure to report - Illegal conduct that appears to represent a trend - Culpability may be based on: - History of repeated Violations - Knowledge of Illegal Conduct - Presence of Deliberate Misconduct
43
What are the criteria for LOW?
- \<25 gallons, commercial - \<50 gallons, recreational - No more than 2 in the previous year - Meets 5 elements
44
What is the definition of a release?
40 C.F.R. 300.5 - Any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing into the environment (including the abandonment or discarding of barrels, containers, and other closed receptacles containing any hazardous substance or pollutant or contaminant)
45
What is the authority to violate spillers?
- 33 USC 1321(b)(3)
46
What is the training requirements for FRO
- Take defensive actions without stopping the leak - 8 hours of training
47
What are Informal Investigations?
- Death - Injury(fractured bones, loss of limbs, internal organ damage) - Vessel loss less than 500GT or barge loss more that 100GT - Collision exceeding $25k - Loss of Propulsion/Steering - Flooding or Fire - Equipment Failure - Discgharge of oil or release of hazardous cargo - Diving Casualties
48
What is the number to the NRC?
- 1-800-424-8802
49
What is the purpose of the National Contingency Plan?
- 40 C.F.R. 300.1 - Provide the organizational structure and procedures for preparing for and responding to discharges of oil and releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, and contaminants
50
What is particulate sorbent?
- Not recommend for water - Good for isolated/remote spills.
51
How many hazard classes are there and how many?
- 9 - Explosives - Flammable Gas - Flammable Liquids - Flammable Solids - Oxidizers - Poisonous - Radioactive - Corrosive - Misc
52
What is the Certificate of Documentation?
- 46 C.F.R. 67.313
- The person in command of a documented vessel must have on board that vessel the original Certificate of Documentation currently in effect for that vessel.
53
How can we enter private property?
- MSM Vol 2 Ch 7, Vol 6 Ch 7 - OSC can enter without warrant for response activities and related activities. - Seek permission first - Take photographs - Have local authorities present.
54
What is a drum skimmer?
- One or more oleophilic drums are rotated in the slickk, then the oil is scraped off into a trough. The oil is then pumped off internally or externally.
- Advantages - Shallow water operation; simple design; Often compact; high oil/water pickup ratio; Can tolerate some debris.
- Disadvantages - Limited to calm water; Will not recover highly viscous oil;
55
What is absorbent?
- sucks material like a sponge - Sorbent pads, blankets, and boom
56
What is a Marine Casualty?
46 C.F.R. 4.03-1 - Any casualty or accident involving any vessel other than a public vessel that— Occurs upon the navigable waters of the United States, its territories or possessions; Involves any United States vessel wherever such casualty or accident occurs; or With respect to a foreign tank vessel operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, including the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), involves significant harm to the environment or material damage affecting the seaworthiness or efficiency of the vessel. Any fall overboard, injury, or loss of life of any person. Any occurrence involving a vessel that results in— Grounding; Stranding; Foundering; Flooding; Collision; Allision; Explosion; Fire; Reduction or loss of a vessel's electrical power, propulsion, or steering capabilities; Any incident involving significant harm to the environment. Any occurrences of injury or loss of life to any person while diving from a vessel and using underwater breathing apparatus. Any incident described in §4.05-1(a).
57
What is boom submergence?
- Anchored in fast current
58
What are the RPS responsibilities for notifying the NRC?
- 40 C.F.R 110.6 - 40 C.F.R. 117.21
59
What are the operational response phases for oil removal?
- 40 C.F.R. 300.300 - Discovery and Notification - 40 C.F.R. 300.305 - Preliminary Assessment and Initiation of action - 40 C.F.R. 300.310: Containment, Countermeasures, cleanup, and disposal. - 40 C.F.R. 315: Documentation and Cost Recovery
60
What documentation is needed for oil samples
- Chain of custody
61
What is anchored boom?
- Control of contain floating oil slicks without the need of towing
- Exclusion booming - Boom is deployed across or around sensitive areas and anchored in place
- Diversion Booming - Boom is deployed at an angle to the approaching slick
- Containment Booming - boom is configured in a body of containment water for the purpose of holding or slowing the movement of contamination.
- Deflection Booming - Changes the course of contamination.
62
What is the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act 1986?
- $8.5 billion superfund
- Redefined release to include abandoned drums and barrels
- local governments can apply for reimbursement
63
What is the Clean Water Act
- 1977 - Defined HQ and RQ - NRC created - $311k Fund
64
What manuals are MSMs and CFRs are used for pollution response?
- CFRs- 29, 33, 40, 46, 49 - MSMs - 2, 5, 6, 9
65
When does entranement occur
- Boom \>.7 to 1 knots
66
Oxygen depleting atmosphere?
- Inert Gasses (Carbon Dioxide, nitrogen, argon) - Rusting metal - Dying fruits
67
What is the Refuse Act of 1899?
- Enforced by the ACOE - Prevent Obstructions to Navigation - Criminal Penalty
68
What is a confined space? Code?
- **29 C.F.R. 1910.146**
- large enough to enter and perform work,
has limited means of entry/exit,
not designed for continuous human occupancy
69
What is a site safety plan?
- 29 C.F.R. 1910.120(b) - safety and risk hazard - Emloyee training - PPE - Air monitoring - Site control measures - Emergency response plan - Decontamination - Confined Spaces.
70
What are the MISLE Requirements for an investigation?
- Case: - PIA: - IMA: - IIA - Sortie:
71
What is a belt skimmer?
-Oleophiic belt is advanced through the slick so that oil and debris are conveyed up the boat. OIl and debris are scraped off the belt and pumped away.
72
Describe pad, roll, and blanket sorbent.
- Pads are usually square in shape - Are placed to collect small quantities of oil. - Larger pieces can be cut for optimal length.
73
What is the maximum dollar amount for an NOV?
- $10K
74
What is hydrodynamic skimmer?
- Water jet - submersion plane/belt and rotating bane
75
What is Significant Harm to the Environment and reference code?
46 CFR 4.03-65 - In the navigable waters of the United States, a discharge of oil as set forth in 40 CFR 110.3 or discharge of hazardous substances equal to or exceeding (RQ) from 40 C.F.R 302. or a probable discharge
76
What is a suction skimmer?
- Floats on the surface and uses a vacuum system; intended to float at the oil-water interface an pick up the oil.
77
Where are the training requirement for First Awareness located?
- 29 C.F.R. 1910.120Q
78
Carbon Monoxide Sources?
- Burning of fossil fuels
79
What is vapor density?
- The ratio of the formulated mass of a compound to the avg formula mass of the gases in the air. - Sink vs Float in the Air
80
What is a physical state of a substance?
- Solid, liquid, or gas, or plasma
- Gas to Plasma - Ionization
- Plasma to Gas - Deionizataion
- Gas to Liquid - Condensation
- Liquid to Gas - Evaportaing
- Gas to Solid - Depostion
- Solid to Gas - Sublimation
- LIquid to Solid - Freezing
- Solid to Liquid - Melting
81
What is a Reportable Marine Casualty?
46 C.F.R. 4.05.1 - Grounding Allision with a bridge; A loss of main propulsion, primary steering or any associated control system that reduces the maneuverability of the vessel; An occurrence materially and adversely affecting the vessel's seaworthiness or fitness for service or route; A loss of life; An injury that requires professional medical treatment beyond first aid, and if the person is employed on a commercial vessel, that renders the person unfit for duty An occurrence causing property damage in excess of $25,000. An occurrence involving significant harm to the environment
82
How does "sea state" effect skimmer performance?
- Makes it difficult to remove oil from the water. - An advancing weir gives the best oppurtunity ofr success.
83
Cargo Record Book?
- Shall be carried by every vessel carrying noxious fluid in accordance with MARPOL.
84
Official Log Book?
- 46 C.F.R 97.35-3
- CG-706
- Vessels required to keep a log book must submit to OCMI at the conclusion of the voyage. Vessels not required must have the log book available for 1 year for inspection by a Marine Inspector.
85
What is 40 C.F.R. 110?
- Discharge of Oil
86
What is IDLH?
- Used to determine respirator use.
- The maz concentration from which one could excape within 30 min w/o irreversible health effects
87
Benzene Source?
- Crude oil smoke - Burning of Volcanic Ash - Used to make materials that are used for plastics or lubricants.
88
What is ICS-201?
- Incident Briefing Form, - 4 parts
89
What is 33 C.F.R. 156?
-OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIAL TRANSFER OPERATIONS
90
What are the common dimensions an appropriate uses of Boom?
- Cylindrical and deployed like boom - Can absorb or contain oil. - Needs to be moved around and replaced as oil is absorbed, moved.
91
How do you handle Diagram/charts/vessel/facility logs?
- Items may be copy if they portray the original state of the documents. - Want to show tampering, notes, and handwriting changes.
92
What is a Hazardous Material?
Hazardous material means a substance or material that the Secretary of Transportation has determined is capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce, and has designated as hazardous under section 5103 of Federal hazardous materials transportation law (49 U.S.C. 5103). The term includes hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, marine pollutants, elevated temperature materials, materials designated as hazardous in the Hazardous Materials Table (see 49 CFR 172.101), and materials that meet the defining criteria for hazard classes and divisions in part 173 of this subchapter.
- 49 CFR 171.8
93
What is the FWPCA
- 1972 - 33 USC 1321 contains verbage for much of the information - Basic Authority for oil - Esstablished the 5 elements of oil spill - Established NCP, NSF, Civil Penalties, RP - Defined Discharge - Civil and Criminal Penalties
94
How do you handle Photographs/video?
- Photos should provide: - Orientation to the scene of the incident - accurate record of details - Proper use of equipment - Documents spills - Show lack of maintanance - Picture details; - Over head - Four points - Close-up details - weather - May use a ruler -
95
What is boom drainage?
- skirt is too short -
96
What is the purpose of SCAT?
- Provide a systematic approach that uses standard terminology to collect data on shoreline oiling condition and support shoreline cleanup.
97
Notice of Federal Assumpton?
- RP is not taking appropriate or timely removal actions. Consult w/legal.
98
What is a rope mop skimmer?
- Fiber ropes are pulled through a slick by rollers.Mop is then wrung and then returned to the slick. The oil is then pumped via a suction hose.
- Advantages - Can operate in any water depth; Good for medium viscous oils; Wide and effective reach; Can tolerate most debris; Can operate in broken ice.
- Disadvantages - Oil must be pooled; Not effective highly viscous oil.
99
What is LD50/LC50?
- Concentration or dose required to kill 50% of the test population by one of the four routes of entry.
- NIOSH
100
What is specific gravity?
- The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, Sink vs. Float on water.
101
What is 33 C.F.R. 151?
- VESSELS CARRYING OIL, NOXIOUS LIQUID SUBSTANCES, GARBAGE, MUNICIPAL OR COMMERCIAL WASTE, AND BALLAST WATER
102
What are the Snare,Pompom dimensions and uses?
- Bunches of olioliphic strips
- Great for viscous/weathered oil
- shore uses
- intertidal area
- can be used on the shoreside of boom containment.
103
What is the Short term exposure limit?
- Max concentration for continuous exposure period of 15 min 4 times per day with 60 mini rest time
104
- What is a lower and upper explosive limit?
- The lowest concentration of a gas or vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in presence of an ignition source. (Too lean)
- The highest concentration of a gas or vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in presence of an igntion source. (Too rich)
105
What is a Letter of Undertaking/Surety Bond?
- Issued to a foreign vessel to ensure payment of a penalty or fine. - Maximum value based on appropriate enforcement. - COTP may request a custom hold - Authority based on the Ports and Waterways Safety Act, MARPOL, and FWPCA.
106
What is vapor pressure?
- The pressure a saturated vapor exerts abovve its own liquid in a closed container.
107
What is an Oil Record Book?
- 33 C.F.R. 151.25 - Vessel is required to log movements of oil inside the vessel anytime oil is transferred. - Maintained for 3 years. - Part 1 Machinery/Space Ops - Tanker 150+ GT. Ships 400+ GT - Part 2 - Ballast/Cargo operations - Tanker 150+ GT and Ships 200+ cubic meters
108
Carbon Dioxide Sources?
- Burning crude oil - Decomposition of organic matter
109
What is a Report of Marine Casualty?
- CG-2692 - 46 C.F.R. 4.05-10 - Due within five days of the incident - Not required for Facilities.
110
What level should contractors respond to when the spill is unknown.
- Level B
111
What is the definition of flash point?
- The lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mixture. - Combustion does not continue
112
What is a Class II Civil Penalty?
- Administrative Law Judge - Gross Negligence
113
What is a harmful quantity?
- 40 C.F.R. 110.3 - Any quantity of oil that violates state water quality standards, causes a film or sheen on the water's surface, or leaves a sludge or emulsions beneath the surface.
114
What is the declaration of inspection?
- 33 C.F.R. 156.150
- No person may transfer oil or hazmat to or from vessel unless each PIC has fill out and signed DOI.
- Pre-transfer requirements are located .120
115
Where are Vessel and Facility Response Plans?
33(Navigation and Navigable Waterways) C.F.R. 154 and 155.1010 - Facilities w/ 250 barrels
116
Where would you take samples from on the boat?
- bilge - fuel tank - cargo
117
What is a Formal Investigation?
- 2 or more deaths - 2 or more serious injuries or 6 or more injuries\* - Loss of an inspected vessel or uninspected vessel 500GT or more - $1M+ in damages - Major discharge or release - Foreign Flag and Barge exception
118
What information should you gather during the initial report of pollution?
- RP info - Location/Time/Date - Description of substance - Is it secured? - Wildlife Impact - Weather impact
119
What is TLV?
- Threshold Limit Value
- Maximum airborne exposure that most workers could experience without adverse effects.
120
Describe Snare/Pom-pom sorbent.
- Bunches of oleophilic strips that can be strung together as a snare boom.
121
What are the spill categories for Inland/ Coastal
40 C.F.R 300.5- Inland - Minor(\< 1,000 gallons), Medium(1,000 - 10,000) Major(+10,000) - Coastal - Minor(\<10,000), Medium(10,000 - 100,000) Major(+100,000)
122
What is the Outer Continental Shelf Oil Spill Response Plan?
- 30 (Mineral Resources) C.F.R. 254 - Plans submitted to BSEE - Facilities may operate during plan approval phase, but must submit a notice in writing.
- Hosts more than 150 people in any 24 hour period for 30 days or more
- Produces greater than 100K barrels of oil per day or;
- Produces greather than 200 million cubic feet of natural gas per day.
123
What is the difference between Civil and Criminal Evidence handling?
- Criminal evidence must have the proper chain of custody - Any other evidence is at the discretion of the Senior Marine Investigator.
124
What is a COFR? C.F.R.?
- 33 C.F.R. 138 - Demonstrates the RPs of the vessels are financially able to meet their potential liability for costs and damages in the applicable amounts. - Vessels 300 GT or more - Any vessel lightering or transferring oil in the EEZ
125
Who can change civil penalty amounts?
CG Hearing Officer Admin Law Judge
126
What information in on an NRC?
- Description
- Reporting Party
- Suspected RP
- Location
- Released materials
- Incident Details
- Impact
- Remedial Actions
- Weather
- Agencies notified
127
What is Recommended Exposure Limit?
- The highest allowable airborne concentration that is not expected to injure a worker?
- NIOSH Pocket Guide
128
What are the training requirements for FRA?
- Witness and report the release
129
What are the routes of entry into the body?
- Inhalation - Ingestion - Injection - Absorbtion
130
How do you handle witness statements?
- Oral statements are transcribed as soon as possible. - Statements should include: - Place and date - Voluntary - Full name and address - Statement of fact w/ signature and date. (MSM Vol V B3)
131
What is Data Collection?
- Collecting the minimal data necessary to verify the correctness of information. - For the purposes of pollution response, it is used to determine the 5 Elements.
132
What is Territorial Sea?
33 C.F.R. Subpart B (2.22) - Belt of seas registering from the line of ordinary low water along the portion of the coast out to 12NM.
133
What is an International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate?
- 33 C.F.R. 151.9
- Each U.S. oil tankers over 150 GT or vessels over 400 GT that engages in voyages to ports or off-shore terminals must have the certificate.
- States Bilge and Oil tank regulations
- All foreign vessels of the type must have one.
- Valid for 5 years
134
What is boom planing?
- Strong wind and strong current in opposite directions.
135
What is a Preliminary Investigation?
**46 CFR § 4.40-10**
Conducted for any report or evidence of a Marine Casualty - Additional effort must be exerted if the determination of Reportable Marine Casualty cannot be made. - Investigations closed at the preliminary level should be documented in the MISLE notification only; however, if an Incident Investigation Activity is generated in MISLE there is no requirement for findings of fact (timeline) entries.
136
What is a Responsible Party?
40 C.F.R. 300.5 Owner, operator of a vessel or facility
- Vessels - owner, operator, or charterer
- Onshore Facility - owner, operator( except for government entity)
- Offshore Facility - lesee, permitee (except for government entity)
- Pipeline - owner/operator
- Abandonment - Person who would have been responsible immediately prior to abandonment.
137
What is the training requirement for OIC?
- Assume control of the scene - 24 hours
138
What is biochemical oxygen demand?
- Amount of oxygen needed by bacteria to stabalize organic matter under aerobic conditions used to estimate the degree of contamination in water supplies
139
What is inorganic sorbent?
- volcanic ash - vermiculite - perlite
140
How do the following affect skimmer performance? - Sea State - Water Depth - Debris - Oil Thickness - Oil Viscosity
- Sea State Choppy water can inhibit skimmer efficiency
- Water Depth Some skimmers are more functional in shallow/deep water
- Debris Debris can inhibit the flow of oil/water and reduce effectiveness
- Oil Thickness - If the oil is not thick enough, the skimmer may just pick up water.
- Oil Viscosity - High Viscous oil may not be able to be picked up.
141
What is Resource Conservation and Recovery Act?
- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
- 40 C.F.R 239 - 282
- Storage, Treatment and Disposal of hazardous waste. - Cradle to Grave processing of hazardous waste
142
What are the 4 levels of PPE and code?
- 29 C.F.R. 1910.120 App B - A. Greatest level of skin, respiratory, and eye protection - B. Highest level of respiratory level protection, but lesser skin level - C. Air Purifying Respirator, chemical resistant clothing
143
Describe sock, pillow, and sweep sorbent.
- Usually enclosed in a small sack; which can be easily handled and placed in confined areas - Sweep are long sheets of sorbent material that can be implemented in the same manner as boom
144
What is Hazardous Waste? Code?
**49 C.F.R. 171.8** - means any material that is subject to the Hazardous Waste Manifest Requirements of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency specified in 40 CFR part 262
**261.10** Criteria for identifying the characteristics of hazardous waste.
(a) The Administrator shall identify and define a characteristic of hazardous waste in subpart C only upon determining that:
(1) A solid waste that exhibits the characteristic may:
(i) Cause, or significantly contribute to, an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness; or
(ii) Pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when it is improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of or otherwise managed; and
(2) The characteristic can be:
(i) Measured by an available standardized test method which is reasonably within the capability of generators of solid waste or private sector laboratories that are available to serve generators of solid waste; or
(ii) Reasonably detected by generators of solid waste through their knowledge of their waste.
145
What is the permit required for confined space? Code?
- 29 C.F.R. 1910.146(f) The permit space to be entered; 1910.146(f)(2) The purpose of the entry; 1910.146(f)(3) The date and the authorized duration of the entry permit; 1910.146(f)(4) The authorized entrants within the permit space, by name or by such other means (for example, through the use of rosters or tracking systems) as will enable the attendant to determine quickly and accurately, for the duration of the permit, which authorized entrants are inside the permit space; The personnel, by name, currently serving as attendants; 1910.146(f)(6) The individual, by name, currently serving as entry supervisor, with a space for the signature or initials of the entry supervisor who originally authorized entry; 1910.146(f)(7) The hazards of the permit space to be entered; 1910.146(f)(8) The measures used to isolate the permit space and to eliminate or control permit space hazards before entry; NOTE: Those measures can include the lockout or tagging of equipment and procedures for purging, inerting, ventilating, and flushing permit spaces. 1910.146(f)(9) The acceptable entry conditions; 1910.146(f)(10) The results of initial and periodic tests performed under paragraph (d)(5) of this section, accompanied by the names or initials of the testers and by an indication of when the tests were performed; 1910.146(f)(11) The rescue and emergency services that can be summoned and the means (such as the equipment to use and the numbers to call) for summoning those services; 1910.146(f)(12) The communication procedures used by authorized entrants and attendants to maintain contact during the entry; 1910.146(f)(13) Equipment, such as personal protective equipment, testing equipment, communications equipment, alarm systems, and rescue equipment, to be provided for compliance with this section; 1910.146(f)(14) Any other information whose inclusion is necessary, given the circumstances of the particular confined space, in order to ensure employee safety; and (15) Any additional permits, such as for hot work, that has been issued to authorize work in the permit space.
146
What is a Vortex/Centrifugal Skimmer?
- Uses centrifugal force to separate oil from the water.
147
What is the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980? Code?
- **40 C.F.R. 305** - 1.6 Billion Superfund - National Priorities List
148
What is the Area Contingency Plan?
- Derived from an amendment of the CWA (77)
- Strengthens pre-planning and provides for a well coordinated response effort
- In-Situ and Dispersant burning is included in this document
- Sensitive wildlife areas
149
How is the Certificate of Inspection important?
- 46 C.F.R. 115.103
- Shows who the owner/ operator of the vessel is
- Also shows certain other characteristics of the vessel such as route of travel, amount of passengers allowed, and life-saving equipment.
150
What are different types of containment methods?
- Exon6.6.6 - Boom Berms, Dams, Inverted Weir
151
What is a self-leveling weir?
- Skims a discrete layer towars the top of a fluid
- Adjusts its level to pumping rates and fluid levels.
152
What is the training requirements for HMT?
- Take offensive actions to plug/stop release - 24 hours training
153
What are the minimal amount of oil samples that you would take? What are they?
- 3 - Background - Spill - Source
154
What are the PPE requirements for oil sampling
- Nitrite Gloves - Eye protection - PFD
155
What is the failure to notify Violation?
- 33 C.F.R. 153.203
- 33 C.F.R 153.205 (fines)
- Maximum Penalty: $250K(individual); $500K(Organization); 5 years prison
156
What is the definition of boiling point?
- The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure so that the liquid rapidly vaporizes.
157
What is a Data Entry Exception?
Lack of Five Elements.
158
What is diking/berming?
- Embankment built up from existing terrain - Contain or divert oil on water or oil.
159
Shipboard Oil Pollution Prevention Emergency Plan?
- 33 CFR 151.26
- Must be available in English and the crew working language. - Parts: Introduction, Preamble, Reporting Requirements, Steps to control a discharge, National and Local Coordination, and Appendices.
- Sections:
- Introduction
- Preamble
- Reporting Requirements
- Steps to contrl discharge
- National and Local Coordination
- Appendices
160
What is boom splashover
- Choppy water/high wave length
161
What is a Class I Civil Penalty?
- LOW or NOV not appropriate - CG Hearing Officer - Gross Negligence
162
What are coastal waters?
- 40 C.F.R. 300.5 - waters of the coastal zone except for the Great Lakes and specified ports and harbors on inland rivers.
163
What is trenching?
- Excavated depression or opening in a down-slope/down-current location that will move the oil to a collection point for removal. -
164
Where is the Nationial Contigency Plan?
- 40 C.F.R. 300
165
What is bioaccumulation?
- The accumulation of a substance, such as a pesticide, in a living organism
166
What is adsorbent?
- Sticks/adheres to surface; oileophilic material, drum skimmer
167
What is 33 C.F.R. 153?
-CONTROL OF POLLUTION BY OIL AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES, DISCHARGE REMOVAL
168
What are overflow/underflow dams?
- Underflow is used when there is too much water flow to block the flow - Overflow dam is used when the water can be blocked - Can either allow water or oil to flow over the top for collection.
169
Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan?
- Contains information and steps to be taken by the Master or designated officer in charge when an oil or marine pollution incident has occurred or is likely to occur,
170
What is the Evidence Control Number/
- ECN - MSM vol 5 Part B - MISLE Activity Number-sequential number-initials
171
What is synthetic sorbent?
- polyurethane - polystyrene - rubber
172
What are the release Categories for CERCLA?
40 C.F.R. 300.5 - Minor release means a release of a quantity of hazardous substance(s), pollutant(s), or contaminant(s) that poses minimal threat to public health or welfare of the United States or the environment. - Medium release means a release not meeting the criteria for classification as a minor or major release. - Major release means a release of any quantity of hazardous substance(s), pollutant(s), or contaminant(s) that poses a substantial threat to public health or welfare of the United States or the environment or results in significant public concern.
173
Where are the requirements for Oil transfers?
- 33 C.F.R. 155.750
