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DBMS > Basics DB > Flashcards

Basics DB Flashcards

1
Q

DBMS

A

DB + collection of programs to access DB

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2
Q

WHY DBMS?

A

Data redundancy and inconsistency, Difficulty in accessing data, Data isolation, Integrity problems, Atomicity, Concurrent access, Security problems

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3
Q

Data redundancy and inconsistency

A

With file system, same data stored at many places, if we change data at one place but not others, data becomes inconsistent.

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4
Q

Difficulty in accessing data

A

Due to the use of big programs.

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5
Q

Integrity constraint problems

A

Age cannot be negative

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6
Q

Atomicity

A

If one change made then all should follow otherwise rollback , not possible in FS

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7
Q

Concurrent access

A

Multiple people accessing same data

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8
Q

Security problems

A

Authorized access

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9
Q

View of data

A

Physical, logical, view

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10
Q

Logical level

A

Tables of DB, columns, etc.

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11
Q

View level

A

UI level

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12
Q

Physical level

A

Where data actually stored in disk

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13
Q

Committ

A

Save the changes made by transaction

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14
Q

Rollback

A

undo the changes done by transaction

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15
Q

Automatic rollback is

A

Atomicity

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16
Q

NULL

A

Representation of no value

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17
Q

DB Languages

A

DDL, DML

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18
Q

DDL

A

Creation/deletion of tables, adding/deleting cols., changing col. names

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19
Q

DML

A

Inserting/deleting/updating rows, Select

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20
Q

DB languages

A

Procedural and non procedural

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21
Q

Procedural

A

what data and how to get those data

22
Q

Non procedural

A

what data and not how to get those data. eg. SQL

23
Q

DB users

A

Naive users(who interact using GUI), application programmers(who access DB while dev), Sophisticated users(who write queries), Specialized users(who create DBMS tools), DBA(manage data at physical/logical/view level)

24
Q

DB system structure

A

Storage manager, Query processor components

25
Q

DATA MODELS

A

ER and relational, network, hierarichal, Object oriented

26
Q

ER model

A

contains entities, relationships

27
Q

Relational model

A

uses tables

28
Q

DB design

A

Requirement analysis, conceptual designing using ER modelling, Schema refinement ER to relational, logical DB design, physical DB design, security design

29
Q

ER Model

A

Entity, attribute, relationships

30
Q

Entity

A

real world object(rectangle)

31
Q

Domain

A

values permitted for an attribute

32
Q

Attribute

A

Property of an entity(oval)

33
Q

Relationship

A

association among 2 or more entities(diamond)

34
Q

Key

A

attribute or set of attributes which can uniquely identify an entity

35
Q

Prime attribute/key attribute

A

All attributes which are part of key

36
Q

Types of relationships

A

Unary, binary, ternary

37
Q

Unary

A

Employee manages employee

38
Q

Descriptive attribute

A

Attribute of relationship, educator teaches courses in dept since (here teaches, in are relationship and since is descriptive attribute)M

39
Q

Mapping cardinality

A

One to one, one to many, many to many

40
Q

One side represented by

A

Arrow

41
Q

Participation constaints

A

Total,partial

42
Q

Total

A

All entities take part in relationship, double line

43
Q

Partial

A

Not all entities take part in relationship, single line

44
Q

See questions in copy

A
45
Q

Weak entity

A

cannot be uniquely identified by its own attributes, double lined rectangle

46
Q

A weak entity set can only have a relation with a strong entity set true

A

True , identifying relationship(weak relationship),double diamond, and total participation from weak entity side.

47
Q

Dominant entity

A

Entity of strong entity set in a weak relationship

48
Q

Subordinate entity

A

Entity of weak entity set in a weak relationship

49
Q

We can identify subordinate entities using

A

Strong entities of a weak relationship

50
Q

Types of attributes

A

Single values, multi valued(double oval), composite, given, derived, prime, non prime,

DBMS (1 decks)

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