Basics

Question 1

A claim is what?

Answer 1

A proposition which is asserted or affirmed as true

Question 2

What is a proposition?

Answer 2

Content of a claim, something that is believed as being true within a declarative statement

Question 3

Asserted definition

Answer 3

Stated as being true without reasons

Question 4

What does bivalent mean?

Answer 4

Propositions can be true or false

Question 5

Describe the law of excluded middle

Answer 5

A proposition can be true or false

Question 6

What is the Law of non-contradiction?

Answer 6

“P is true” and “p is false” cannot be asserted at the same time if it has the same meaning

Question 7

What does antecedent mean?

Answer 7

First part of a logical proposition and is replaced by a pronoun

Question 8

How can a claim be true?

Answer 8

Propositions contain a subject and a predicate

Question 9

what is the subject of a proposition

Answer 9

The main thing that the proposition is about

Question 10

What is the predicate of a proposition?

Answer 10

What is being added/ said about the subject

Question 11

What is an analytic proposition?

Answer 11

A propostion that contains the predicate within it

Question 12

What is a synthetic proposition?

Answer 12

A proposition the doesn’t contain the predicate within it, proposition brings together a predicate and a subject. (from experience
and need evidence)

Question 13

True a priori meaning

Answer 13

Does not require experience

Question 14

What is a premise?

Answer 14

A proposition that forms the basis of an argument or from which a conclusion is drawn (supports the conclusion)

Question 15

What Is meant by the conclusion?

Answer 15

A proposition thats justified by a number of premises

Question 16

What is a deductive argument

Answer 16

An argument where if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true

Question 17

What is an inductive argument?

Answer 17

An argument where if the premises are true then the conclusion may be false

Question 18

What is valid

Answer 18

a deductive argument is valid if the premises are true and therefore means the conclusion must be true.
An argument could be invalid if the premises are true and the conclusion could be false

Question 19

What is sound

Answer 19

A deductive argument is sound if it is valid and its premises are true

Question 20

What is strong

Answer 20

An inductive argument is strong if it holds a compelling argument to suggest that the conclusion is true
An argument could be false if it doesn’t hold a compelling reason to think that the conclusion is false

Question 21

Cogent

Answer 21

an inductive argument could be true if its reasons are strong and its premises are true

Question 22

Abductive arguments

Answer 22

An argument that gives evidence and reasoning to support the best hypothesis or explanation of something observed

Question 23

contradiction

Answer 23

propostions are contradictory if they are logically inconsistent and can’t be true at the same time

Question 24

The law of identity

Answer 24

The logical law that if x=x, things are identical within themselves