Basics Flashcards
When/Where was the first wine discovered?
Caucus/7000 BC
How many literes in an amphorae?
36
When was the wine bottle invented?
17th century
Why is wine dry?
All sugar converted to alcohol
What do grape skins add to wine making processs?
Tannin & Color
How long does it take a vine to first produce fruit?
2-3 years
Give an example of vinifera - new world hybridg?
Muller - Thurgau
What are some taste characteristics of cabernet sauvignon?
Black Currant, High Tannin
Where is cabernet sauvignon grown?
France, Chile, Australia, Northern California
What are some taste characteristics of merlot?
Plummy, Plump, Soft
Where is merlot grown?
France, Italy, Chile, USA
What are some taste characteristics of tempranillo?
Tobacco, Spice, Leather
Where is tempranillo grown?
Spain, Portugal
What are some taste characteristics of Syrah?
Black Pepper, Dark Chocolate, Medium to High Tannin
Where is Syrah grown?
France, Australia, Chile, South Africa, New Zealand, Washington, Argentina
Where is grenache grown?
France, Spain, Italy, California, Australia
What are some taste characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc?
Grass, Herbs, Green Fruits
Where is Sauvignon Blanc grown?
Loire, California, Australia, New Zealand (Marlborough), Chile, South Africa
What are some taste characteristics of pinot noir?
Cherry, Raspberry, Violets, Game
Where is Pinot Noir grown?
France, Germany, New Zealand, Oregon, Australia
What are some taste characteristics of Sangiovese?
Prune to Barnyard
Where is Sangiovese grown?
Italy
What are some taste characteristics of Mourvedre?
Animal, Barnyards
Where is Mourvedre grown?
Bandol (France), South Australia
What are some taste characteristics of Cabernet Franc?
Leaves
Where is Cabernet Franc grown?
France (Loire & St. Emilion), New Zealand, Long Island, Washington, Italy
What are some taste characteristics of Riesling?
Minerals, Flowers, Lime, Honey
Where is Riesling grown?
Germany, Alsace, Austria, Australia, New York, Michigan
Where is Pinot Gris grown?
Alsace, Italy, Oregon, New Zealand, Australia
What are some taste characteristics of Malbec?
ranges from spicey to gamey
Where is Malbec grown?
Southwest France, Argentina
What are some taste characteristics of Chenin Blanc?
Honey, Damp Straw, Apple
Where is Chenin Blanc Grown?
France, California, South Africa
What are some taste characteristics of Zinfandel?
Berry, High Alcohol
Where is Zinfandel grown?
California, Italy
What are some taste characteristics of Muscat Blanc
Grapey, Simple
Where is Muscat Blanc Grown?
France, ITaly, Corsica, Greece, Australia
What are some taste characteristics of Semillon?
Figs, Citrus, Lanolin
Where is semillon grown?
Australia, South Africa
How do vineyards ward off chill?
Lighting fires, Spraying vines with water, wind machines, helicopters
How long is a typical growing season?
150 - 190 days
What are the ideal temperature ranges for growing?
55 - 70 F
What is the typical growing season in the northern hemisphere?
April to end of october
Name two fungal pests in vineyards?
Oidium, Peronospera
When and where did Phyllorexa start?
England, 1863
Name some insects that effect vineyards?
Aphid, Red Spiders, Cochylis, Asian Lady Beetle, Eudemis Moth, Spotted Wing drosophilia
What is the effect of excess nitrogen in soil?
Over-vigorous vines and leaf production
What is a tracteur enjambeur?
Straddle tractor
What is a green harvest?
Cutting off bunches of green grapes to reduce yield.
What is the utility of cover crops?
Good insects, Reduce erosion, Aerate Soils for microbes, , Compete for water, Ploughed into soil to add structure
What is coulure?
Stalks with a large number of shriveled berries
What is millerandage?
Different sized berries ona bunch
What is MOG?
Material other than grapes
