Basics Flashcards
The _____ is the interface that is the boundary between hardware and software.
ISA
A _____ is a set of resources for the movement, storage, and processing of data and for the control of these functions.
computer
A special type of programming language used to provide instructions to the monitor is __________ .
JCL
A user program executes in a __________ , in which certain areas of memory are protected from the user’s use, and in which certain instructions may not be executed.
user mode
The technique where a system clock generates interrupts, and at each clock interrupt the OS regains control and assigns the processor to another user, is __________ .
time slicing
The __________ is the internal data by which the OS is able to supervise and control the process.
execution context
__________ is where the OS must prevent independent processes from interfering with each other’s memory, both data and instructions.
Process isolation
A common strategy to give each process in the queue some time in turn is referred to as a __________ technique.
round-robin
The key to the success of Linux has been its character as a free software package available under the auspice of the ___________ .
Free Software Foundation
An __________ is a program that controls the execution of application programs and acts as an interface between applications and the computer hardware.
operating system (OS)
The portion of the monitor that is always in main memory and available for execution is referred to as the _________ .
resident monitor
__________ is a technique in which a process, executing an application, is divided into threads that can run concurrently.
Multithreading
The OS has five principal storage management responsibilities: process isolation, automatic allocation and management, support of modular programming, protection and access control, and __________ .
long-term storage
__________ was designed to keep the processor and I/O devices, including storage devices, simultaneously busy to achieve maximum efficiency.
Multiprogramming
___________ is a facility that allows programs to address memory from a logical point of view, without regard to the amount of main memory physically available.
Virtual memory
